Efficient missing data imputing for traffic flow by considering temporal and spatial dependence

The missing data problem remains as a difficulty in a diverse variety of transportation applications, e.g. traffic flow prediction and traffic pattern recognition. To solve this problem, numerous algorithms had been proposed in the last decade to impute the missed data. However, few existing studies had fully used the traffic flow information of neighboring detecting points to improve imputing performance. In this paper, probabilistic principle component analysis (PPCA) based imputing method, which had been proven to be one of the most effective imputing methods without using temporal or spatial dependence, is extended to utilize the information of multiple points. We systematically examine the potential benefits of multi-point data fusion and study the possible influence of measurement time lags. Tests indicate that the hidden temporal–spatial dependence is nonlinear and could be better retrieved by kernel probabilistic principle component analysis (KPPCA) based method rather than PPCA method. Comparison proves that imputing errors can be notably reduced, if temporal–spatial dependence has been appropriately considered.     

城市交通与城市空间结构演变

通过回顾城市交通和城市空间结构的发展演变过程，研究城市交通引导城市空间结构健康“生长”的有效途径，提出通过公共交通引导城市可持续发展的模式，以及适合中国特色的和谐城市形态和城市交通。     

温度应力对既有混凝土连续箱梁桥开裂的影响分析

采用三维空间实体单元，在分析连续箱梁桥温度应力分布规律的基础上，研究了温度梯度、箱梁的肋板与顶板刚度比以及跨径比等参数变化对温度应力的影响，并分析比较了按《公路桥涵设计通用规范》JTJ021-89版和JTG D60-2004版计算的温度应力。结果表明，在JTG D60-2004版温度梯度荷载作用下，箱梁顶板上下缘产生较大的横向拉应力，顶底板上下缘产生较大的纵向拉应力，产生较大温度应力处与实桥出现裂缝的部位基本吻合，从中揭示了温度应力对既有混凝土连续箱梁桥开裂的影响。     

空间反向荷载法模拟隧道开挖

针对目前在数值分析中利用叠加法模拟隧道分步开挖时，考虑材料非线性和几何非线性在运算时的不合理性，提出了有限元数值模拟计算隧道开挖时空间反向荷载法。根据隧道开挖步骤，将作用在开挖面上的一部分压应力按照一定的比例反向作用，来模拟隧道开挖时的围岩应力释放,不仅较为真实、方便地模拟隧道开挖时结构和围岩的受力连续变化过程，而且便于进行非线性分析。     

蝴蝶拱桥的有限元分析及模型试验研究

蝴蝶拱桥是一种新型空间组合拱桥，设计巧妙独特，外型美观。为全面分析其力学行为，建立了空间杆系和板壳有限元分析模型。给出了该桥控制截面在几个主要荷载工况下的变形和应变值；为验证计算理论的合理与准确性，确保该桥的安全与可靠性，进行了1／10模型试验，并将理论计算值与实侧值进行了比较，为该桥的设计与施工提出了有意义的建议。     

全国铁路地理信息系统应用服务共享平台的研究

应用服务共享平台为一个三层服务体系结构,主要提供五种服务：数据提供、数据分析、数据表现、元数据以及应用集成服务。平台功能的设计主要依据表示逻辑与处理逻辑相分离、通用功能与专用功能相分离两个基本原则。平台的核心是一个包括基础服务层和应用构件层的二层体系结构。平台的关键技术是多层服务体系结构、分布式海量空间数据存取、智能空间分析与数据挖掘技术以及基于XML的元数据技术。     

Integrated coastal water monitoring

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are important took for environmental monitoring and management. However, their limitations in dealing with complex, dynamic, and mission‐critical situations call for alternative approaches. Integrating GIS with dynamic simulation models offers one such solution. Numerical models that simulate physical, chemical, and biological processes greatly increase our understanding of the environment. Many of these models use refined forecast information to accurately predict processes that help in monitoring and managing the environment. Integrating these models with GIS offers new functionalities. The present research couples the MIKE21 comprehensive modeling system for two‐dimensional free surface flows with the spatial analysis strengths of the ArcView GIS. The southern coastal water system of Singapore serves as the study area. The aim is to develop a comprehensive software system that provides support for both environmental managers and land‐use planners in making their decisions.     

Spatial econometric analysis of automobile and motorcycle traffic on Indonesian national roads and its socio-economic determinants: Is it local or beyond city boundaries?

The purpose of this paper is to verify the justification provided for a centralized national road policyin Indonesia, namely, that trips on national roads are typically inter-urban, by measuring the spatialdimensions of automobile and motorcycle trips on national roads in Indonesia. The study finds thatmotorcycle trips are characteristically local; by contrast, automobile trips extend beyond city boundaries,although to a limited extent. The results suggest the decentralization of transportation policies for thedevelopment and maintenance of national roads by granting autonomy to local governments when nofiscal externality exists. The results also indicate that road capacity, gasoline prices, income, populationand worker density, city size, and the number of public buses are strong predictors of vehicle kilometerstraveled.     

Chaotic movement of vortices in superconductors of high-Tc superconducting maglev system at a high speed

Vortex motion in superconductors of higb-Tc superconducting maglev system is studied by a computational simulation.The vortex system is treated in a similar fashion,as a system where defects arc arrang...     

A note on the use of correlation coefficients for assessing goodness-of-fit in spatial interaction models

The use of correlation coefficients to evaluate the accuracy of spatial interaction models is inappropriate unless such models have been fitted using least squares techniques. In other cases the correlation involves an implicit intercept value and a regression coefficient that may significantly modify the interaction model's estimates. Researchers have not acknowledged the role of these two parameters when the correlation is used. A generalized root mean square error is proposed as an alternative indicator of accuracy that may be used with any model.