一座复式组合拱桥结构特点

兖州泗河兴隆大桥是一座以景观造型为主导,综合考虑桥位环境、结构、施工、造价、维护等因素的三孔一联钢筋混凝土复式组合系杆拱桥。详细介绍该桥结构特点。该桥边孔为空间V型刚构,中孔为四吊杆体系复合拱轴线复式系杆拱。桥梁整体结构冗余度高,后期易维护,适用于地质条件较差、景观要求高的桥梁。     

基于空间自相关分析的旧路改造交通预测合理范围研究

旧路改造设计是道路设计的重要组成部分,也是优化城市路网结构、缓解交通拥堵的重要手段。从城市规划和城市发展的角度,研究了在旧路改造设计过程中,交通预测分析的难点,利用面状空间数据的自相关特性,结合传统交通预测模式的特点,提出了在城市道路改造设计中,合理确定交通预测分析范围的方法,并结合实际工程案例,验证了提出模型的实际可操作性。     

风关噪声场相关特性研究

水听器的输出信噪比被证明依赖于噪声场的空间相关结构,文章应用KI模型讨论浅海风成海洋环境噪声场两接收点的空间相关特性,分析各环境参数对噪声场空间相关特性的影响。     

一种基于GPS的自动航向控制系统

全球定位系统(GPS)提供了高精度的位置信息和航向、航速等运动要素,借助这些参数,该文实现了可以控制船舶按照既定路线航行的自动航向控制系统。     

世界邮轮旅游产业发展概况与空间结构特征研究

港口休闲旅游功能是新时期我国沿海港口功能拓展的重要方向,各地政府部门正着力推动邮轮旅游产业的发展。通过分析世界邮轮旅游产业发展的总体趋势和相关要素的空间结构特征,提出沿海地区进行邮轮港布局规划的思路要点,为国内沿海地区相关行业规划工作提供借鉴。     

Impact of phytoplankton community size on a linked global ocean optical and ecosystem model

We isolated the effect phytoplankton cell size has on varying remote sensing reflectance spectra (R_rs(λ)) in the presence of optically active constituents by using optical and radiative transfer models linked in an offline diagnostic calculation to a global biogeochemical/ecosystem/circulation model with explicit phytoplankton size classes. Two case studies were carried out, each with several scenarios to isolate the effects of chlorophyll concentration, phytoplankton cell size, and size-varying phytoplankton absorption on R_rs(λ). The goal of the study was to determine the relative contribution of phytoplankton cell size and chlorophyll to overall R_rs(λ) and to understand where a standard band ratio algorithm (OC4) may under/overestimate chlorophyll due to R_rs(λ) being significantly affected by phytoplankton size. Phytoplankton cell size was found to contribute secondarily to R_rs(λ) variability and to amplify or dampen the seasonal cycle in R_rs(λ), driven by chlorophyll. Size and chlorophyll were found to change in phase at low to mid-latitudes, but were anti-correlated or poorly correlated at high latitudes. Phytoplankton size effects increased model calculated R_rs(443) in the subtropical ocean during local spring through early fall months in both hemispheres and decreased R_rs(443) in the Northern Hemisphere high latitude regions during local summer to fall months. This study attempts to tease apart when/where variability about the OC4 relationship may be associated with cell size variability. The OC4 algorithm may underestimate [Chl] when the fraction of microplankton is elevated, which occurs in the model simulations during local spring/summer months at high latitudes in both hemispheres.     

共享单车出行空间异质性特征及驱动因素研究

为实现基于轨迹数据挖掘的共享单车出行空间异质性特征及其驱动因素评估，本文应用核密度分析和热点探测，获取采样分析区域并以热力值表征共享单车出行发生量，减少尺度效应的干扰；引入空间统计学的半变异函数模拟共享单车出行发生量的结构性和随机性变化规律，挖掘空间异质性特征，确定邻域效应的尺度范围；利用空间序列的斜率表征变化趋势，同时，结合改进的空间滞后和残差模型，区分土地利用、邻域效应和其他建成环境各自对共享单车出行空间异质性特征的驱动力。以北京市为案例进行分析，结果表明：北京市的共享单车出行存在中等的、 正的空间自相关性，空间异质性特征的最佳拟合模型为指数模型；空间自相关性的衰减半径为 1860 m，大于此距离时邻域效应消失；建成环境对空间异质性特征的相对驱动力最大，邻域效应对其的相对驱动力则处于中间水平，而土地利用对其的相对驱动力最小。     

Factors affecting public transportation usage rate: Geographically weighted regression

As the number of private vehicles grows worldwide, so does air pollution and traffic congestion, which typically constrain economic development. To achieve transportation sustainability and continued economic development, the dependency on private vehicles must be decreased by increasing public transportation usage. However, without knowing the key factors that affect public transportation usage, developing strategies that effectively improve public transportation usage is impossible. Therefore, this study respectively applies global and local regression models to identify the key factors of usage rates for 348 regions (township or districts) in Taiwan. The global regression model, the Tobit regression model (TRM), is used to estimate one set of parameters that are associated with explanatory variables and explain regional differences in usage rates, while the local regression model, geographically weighted regression (GWR), estimates parameters differently depending on spatial correlations among neighbouring regions. By referencing related studies, 32 potential explanatory variables in four categories, social-economic, land use, public transportation, and private transportation, are chosen. Model performance is compared in terms of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and spatial autocorrelation coefficient (Moran’ I). Estimation results show that the GWR model has better prediction accuracy and better accommodation of spatial autocorrelation. Seven variables are significantly tested, and most have parameters that differ across regions in Taiwan. Based on these findings, strategies are proposed that improve public transportation usage.     

交通可达性与城市经济活动的空间特征分析：以北京市为例

借助开源大数据平台，提出交通可达性及城市经济活动数据采集策略，利用全局常参数和局部变参数回归模型研究北京市六环区域内两者的空间特征.相比于全局模型，局部模型能够较好地刻画交通可达性与城市经济活动间的空间异质性特征.结果表明，私人交通可达性呈现以天安门为中心径向递减的多圈层结构，公共交通呈现轨道交通沿线区域高的特点.交通可达性与经济活动匹配度具有空间非平稳性，空间分离和匹配现象并存.西北部、中部区域空间匹配特征显著，东北部、东部区域次之，西南区域空间分离现象最为严重.丰台及良乡等分离区域，宜重视道路及轨道线网等基础设施建设工作；未来科学城等私人交通匹配，公共交通分离的区域，可考虑修建轨道线路，并增加公交运营服务水平；中关村科学城、北京经济技术开发区等匹配区域，以调整交通运营管理政策为主.     

CityGML与IFC三维空间构模分析与比较

随着三维地理信息的快速发展,CityGML与IFC融合并受到广泛重视。从空间定位、空间剖分、几何表达等方面对CityGML与IFC的三维几何构模异同进行分析,对二者融合中面临的几何转换问题进行探讨,并通过试验对二者建模效率进行对比分析。