主成分评价法在汽车操纵稳定性评价上的应用

针对传统汽车操纵稳定性客观评价方法中评价指标间存在的相关影响和评价过程繁琐等问题.文章将多元统计分析理论中的主成分分析应用于汽车操纵稳定性的客观评价中,提出采用主成分分析法进行评价.该方法以降维为核心思想,消除评价指标间的相关性;运用SPSS软件实现评价过程,简化了评价步骤;评价结果以综合得分形式给出,一目了然.新方法虽较好的解决了传统方法中存在的遗漏,但也存在一定的局限性.现阶段只能作为一种辅助手段,作为传统评价方法的补充评价方法.     

Tuning and objective performance evaluation of a driving simulator to investigate tyre behaviour in on-centre handling manoeuvres

Driving simulation aims at reproducing, within a safe and controlled environment, sensorial stimuli as close to those perceived during the actual drive as possible, in order to induce driving behaviour similar to the real one. This paper illustrates an activity carried out on the driving simulator Virtual Environment for Road Safety, bound for system performance optimisation while dealing with subjective and objective tyres evaluation in the field of on-centre manoeuvres. Such activity can be divided into two main steps. The first one, described herewith, has been focusing on platform motion algorithms tuning and has led to driving simulator objective validation within the on-centre range. Device capability of reproducing dynamics, worked out by the vehicle model, has been thoroughly examined. Simulator sensitivity to a few tyre parameters influencing vehicle lateral dynamics has been analysed too. The second step – calling for the support of experienced drivers – will pursue subjective validation.     

斜穿地裂缝黄土地铁隧道施工诱发的地表沉降及隧道变形规律研究

研究地裂缝影响区内存在可弱化土体的不利因素情况下,西安黄土地区地铁隧道暗挖斜穿地裂缝施工所诱发的地表及隧道相关变形规律。通过FLAC3D模拟预测施工变形规律,并与实际监测数据进行对比分析,得到以下结论:(1)FLAC3D模拟表明,隧道暗挖施工穿越地裂缝时裂缝临近处收敛值会在初期出现短暂负收敛现象;(2)地表在地裂缝影响带的差异沉降发展集中在穿越前和穿越过程中,而拱顶上下盘差异沉降主要集中在穿越过程中;(3)当地裂缝影响带内存在可弱化土体强度的不利因素时,地表最终沉降的峰值点会向不利因素处移动;(4)拱顶最终沉降的峰值点基本在隧道轴线和裂缝的相交处,其受地表的土体弱化因素影响较小。     

Handling performance control for hybrid 8-wheel-drive vehicle and simulation verification

In order to improve handling performance of a hybrid 8-Wheel-Drive vehicle, the handling performance control strategy was proposed. For armoured vehicle, besides handling stability in high speed, the minimum steer radius in low speed is also a key tactical and technical index. Based on that, the proposed handling performance control strategy includes ‘Handling Stability’ and ‘Radius Minimization’ control modes. In ‘Handling Stability’ control mode, ‘Neutralsteer Radio’ is defined to adjust the steering characteristics to satisfy different demand in different speed range. In ‘Radius Minimization’ control mode, the independent motors are controlled to provide an additional yaw moment to decrease the minimum steer radius. In order to verify the strategy, a simulation platform was built including engine and continuously variable transmission systems, generator and battery systems, independent motors and controllers systems, vehicle dynamic and tyre mechanical systems. The simulation results show that the handling performance of the vehicle can be enhanced significantly, and the minimum steer radius can be decreased by 20% which is significant improvement compared to the common level of main battle armoured vehicle around the world.     

混合动力汽车制动踏板位移传感器的故障诊断

混合动力汽车的怠速停机、制动能量回馈等功能都需要制动踏板位移信号作为输入判定条件,因此有必要对制动踏板位移传感器信号的有效性进行监控,以正确识别其工作是否正常。如果不正常,那么是哪种失效方式?针对具体的失效方式采用相应的故障处理方式,以保证混合动力系统工作稳定。本文系统地介绍了荣威750BSG混合动力汽车制动踏板位移传感器的短路、断路、合理性和零点漂移等故障的诊断方法,提供了一整套针对制动踏板系统的安全监控方法。     

两厢轿车改款小型SUV的设计方案

小型SUV具有时尚性、较高的通过性及一定的越野性,文章针对两厢轿车如何改款成小型SUV进行设计方案研究。采用更改悬架的方法对车身进行抬高,通过更改弹性元件保证车身的抬高效果,根据离地间隙的要求确定底盘的抬高量,同时对产生的风险进行了分析。改款小型SUV后,转向回正力略降,侧倾中心高度适当提高,前减振器受力减小。该设计方案为两厢轿车改款小型SUV提供了思路。     

基于CAN总线的综合船桥模拟实验系统的设计

综合船桥模拟实验系统将综合船桥系统硬件设备与传统的船舶操纵模拟器进行有机结合.提出一种基于CAN总线实现综合船桥导航设备互联的优化网络结构并应用于综合船桥模拟实验系统,利用该CAN总线网络能够实现各导航设备与船舶操纵模拟器之间的信息共享与交互,使得系统具有高度整合性和可靠性.从系统可靠性理论分析了该总线网络的优化方案可行性.     

基于成本-风险分析的铁路危险货物办理站整合优化配置方法研究

铁路危险货物办理站的整合与优化配置是铁路安全运营与合理配置运力资源的关键,涉及路网分布、环境保护、设置地点、运输供需平衡、应急救援等多个因素。本文从成本与风险出发,分析影响危险货物办理站配置的因素,建立危险货物办理站配置的多目标0-1混合整数线性规划模型,最后以成都及周边配置危险货物办理站为例进行计算,得出成昆线上成都...     

基于小波变换的搭板病害检测方法试验研究

针对高速公路桥梁搭板出现脱空病害后难以检测的问题,通过搭板实体模型试验,利用地质雷达进行检测,采用小波变换方法对信号处理分析,降低噪声,提高信噪比,为该病害处理提供借鉴经验。     

基于海底接驳盒的电能管理系统的研制

研制了一套基于海底观测网络接驳盒的电能管理系统,实现对海底接驳盒的电能分配和管理,可以控制外接负载的电能供给,能够对各路电压、电流,控制腔、高压电源腔的温度和漏水情况进行实时监控和异常处理,并将监测数据通过网络上传到基站上位机,实现了基站上位机对系统的远程控制和管理.系统灵活、可靠、响应快,为海底观测网的长期稳定运行提供了重要保障.