Interaction of vehicle and steering system regarding on-centre handling

For the on-centre handling behaviour of vehicles the steering system is absolutely important. To investigate the interaction of the vehicle and steering system a validated, especially tailored simulation model was developed. Some meaningful vehicle and steering system parameters are altered to show the influence on steering wheel torque, steering feel and understeer. The results underline the importance of an accurate steering system model. Identified measures to improve the centre feel and steering response were a stiffer torsion bar, a higher cornering stiffness or a lower overall steering ratio. The steering response, however, suffers when the centre feel is improved by a higher trail. The steering rack friction reduces mainly the steering response while the steering column friction decreases the centre feel whereas a stiffer torsion bar lessens the understeer tendency.     

全局耦合消扭悬架系统动力学仿真研究(英文)

介绍了一种全局耦合消扭悬架的原理和结构,利用ADAMS建立了装备有该消扭悬架的车辆模型,对其消扭性能和操纵稳定性进行了仿真试验研究,研究结果表明该消扭悬架在能有效地减小对车身的扭转,降低轮荷最大值,改善车轮的垂直载荷的均匀性,改善车辆的接地性能,不会对车辆的操纵稳定性带来不利影响.     

What transportation modeling needs from a GIS: a conceptual framework

Both the geographic information system (GIS) and transportation modeling environments have seen continually developing analytic concepts and techniques. However, these developments have seldom resulted in the integration of GISs and transportation models. This paper explores the potential inherent in merging of these environments through a systematic investigation of the fundamental basis of integration. To do this, the traditional four step transportation modeling process is extended to include input and output steps. We then define functional components for GIS data handling — data management, manipulation, and analysis. The steps of modeling are matched against the list of GIS data handling functions within a matrix‐based framework. GIS functions that enhance a land‐use based urban transportation modeling process are then categorized. Conclusions are drawn and directions for future developments are discussed.     

船舶冷库故障实例分析与处理

文章从某轮的船舶冷库故障排除实例出发,探讨故障发生的原因和处理方法,针对该轮处理的过程中遇到的问题及所采取的措施,作一些相应的分析和总结,并提出自己的观点,以期找出解决此类故障的更科学的方法.     

Independent control of all-wheel-drive torque distribution

The sophistication of all-wheel-drive (AWD) technology is approaching the point where the drive torque to each wheel can be independently controlled. This potentially offers vehicle handling enhancements similar to those provided by dynamic stability control, but without the inevitable reduction in vehicle acceleration. Independent control of AWD torque distribution would therefore be especially beneficial under acceleration close to the limit of stability. A vehicle model of a typical sports sedan was developed in Simulink, with fully independent control of torque distribution. Box–Behnken experimental design was employed to determine which torque distribution parameters have the greatest impact on the vehicle course and acceleration. A proportional-integral control strategy was implemented, applying yaw rate feedback to vary the front–rear torque distribution and lateral acceleration feedback to adjust the left–right distribution. The resulting system shows a significant improvement over conventional driveline configurations under aggressive cornering acceleration on a high-μ surface. The performance approaches the theoretical limit for these conditions. In the medium term, such a system is only likely to be economically viable for premium vehicles. However, a future revolution of powertrain technology towards, for example, wheel-mounted motors, could realize these handling benefits far more widely.     

区间地铁列车振动的地面响应测试分析

为研究地铁列车引起的地面振动的规律，选择在北京地铁东单一建国门区间，采用高灵敏度加速度传感器和24位动态信号采集记录系统，测试正常运营的地铁及地面交通造成的地面垂向振动加速度。采用汉宁窗和线性平均技术，将95次测试记录共354个时程信号转换为频域内的1／3倍频程频谱；按照地铁的车型进行平均化处理，得到地铁G型车和S型车的1／3倍频程谱均值。分析结果表明，影响地铁列车引起的地面振动规律的因素主要有距离和背景振动。地面振动存在1个“交汇频率”，在小于“交汇频率”的范围内，地铁列车引起的地面振动主要受背景振动制约，而距离的影响很微弱；在大于“交汇频率”的范围内，地铁列车引起的地面振动主要受距离的影响，但背景振动的作用仅次于距离。地铁与地面车辆引起的地面振动的叠加，使在1～30Hz频率段内的地面振动响应增大。     

大型重件码头装卸工艺设计

大型重件码头由于装卸对象特殊,码头前沿装卸船设备、水平运输设备的选型与通用码头不同。装卸工艺不仅要满足重件的顺利装卸,还要保证重件的流畅疏港及船舶的作业安全。对重件码头装卸工艺设计进行分析,为类似工程的设计提供参考。     

龙耀路隧道穿越黄浦江防汛墙的安全影响分析

根据地下公共工程建设穿越重要防汛工程设施时应当进行防汛影响专项论证的规定,针对龙耀路隧道穿越黄浦江防汛墙,结合上海市已建成的多条越江隧道对防汛墙的实际影响经验,理论与实际相结合,通过建立二维弹塑性有限元模型来模拟盾构隧道推进过程,分别预测东线和西线盾构隧道穿越对所在地防汛墙的影响,并提出预防和减轻对防汛设施影响的对策和措施。     

盾构工程孤石及基岩侵入体爆破技术研究

复合地层中,盾构工程拟开挖断面内局部高强度岩体(孤石、基岩侵入体等)是工程中的重大风险源之一。在这种地层条件下,盾构自身刀具无法有效破岩,传统的开舱或地面处理方法往往有较大局限性。实践证明,采用地面引孔下药施爆的控制钻爆法,严格控制破碎碴块体量可保证盾构正常掘进,同时可满足环保和安全卫生要求,从而取得盾构工法在复合地层中的技术突破。     

地表建筑对下穿隧道的安全性影响分析研究

采用ANSYS有限元软件对新宝塔山隧道的浅埋段地表建筑施工对下穿隧道的影响进行模拟分析,得到不同间距及不同埋深情况下地表建筑对下穿隧道的应力及衬砌安全性的分析结果。分析得出:住宅楼桩基外缘距离既有隧道边墙为4 m时,铁路隧道受到影响较大;当间距调整为8 m时,楼房施工后引起隧道衬砌结构位移较小,隧道结构安全度均满足规范要求。由此,建议按照间距为8 m的方案实施,覆土回填3 m时,计算结果显示隧道仍然是安全的,其覆土回填厚度可以按照规划设计的地面高程1 009 m考虑(最大覆土回填3m、埋深10.7 m)。