渗流作用下盾构隧道施工过程中地表沉降预测研究

应用数值分析法研究了广州地铁一区间隧道盾构施工过程中渗流对地表沉降的影响。基于Peck横向地表沉降计算理论,将渗流产生的孔隙水压按隧道上覆土的重力归一化处理,且以理论计算所得沉降为标准,对考虑渗流作用的地表沉降进行归一化,提出了耦合渗流作用时最大地表沉降估算方法。与实测及理论计算结果对比分析表明,本文所建立的计算模型和地表沉降修正计算方法合理、有效。     

半逆筑法施工超大地铁深基坑工程设计方法

针对某超大地铁深基坑工程,提出一种适合大型地铁基坑工程的新型支撑体系——“半逆作”环板形支撑体系的设计理念.以增量法对基坑施工进行全过程模拟,计论支撑刚度对基坑水平变形及围护结构内力的影响,并对差异沉降引起结构的附加应力进行分析,为工程顺利施工提供了理论依据.     

雅万高铁沿线地面沉降分析及主要防治对策

雅万高铁穿越雅加达及万隆两大地面沉降区,开展地面沉降现状调查及预测评价,及时采取应对措施,对指导铁路工程设计、施工及运营维护具有十分重要的意义。利用雅加达及万隆当地水文地质、工程地质和环境地质等调查研究资料,结合工程勘察及英萨监测数据,对高铁沿线地面沉降现状及影响因素进行概要分析,并采用水土耦合模型结合反分析方法,对主要路段的地面沉降趋势进行预测,分析不同时期内的沉降变化及其对线路坡度的影响。进而提出沉降路段设立禁采区、限采区和控采区方案,以及采用有砟轨道、简支结构桥梁及可调高支座、加宽路基和预留高程等工程措施,可为雅万高铁地面沉降防治提供依据。     

三相电流平衡控制装置在铁路动车所中的应用

为提升动车组检修效率,提出一种基于三相电流动态平衡控制的动车所地面电源装置,用于向动车组提供地面检修供电,以替代传统的交-直-交电源。通过分析交-直-交电源在使用中存在的缺陷,以及造成这些缺陷的原因,提出使用三相负载电流的动态平衡调节技术使其达到平衡状态,避免单相负载对动力变压器及上级配电系统的影响,使负序电流不能进入高压电网,使动力变压器三相负载电流的动态平衡,并讨论以三相电流动态平衡装置为核心的动车运用所地面电源系统的设计。在动车运用所使用该技术可以简化低压配电设计,降低建设投资,统一不同用电制式动车组的供电设计。通过对样机的测试,证实该技术能消除单相用电制式动车组所产生的负序电流。     

Heuristic search for the coupled runway sequencing and taxiway routing problem

This paper presents the first local search heuristic for the coupled runway sequencing (arrival & departure) and taxiway routing problems, based on the receding horizon (RH) scheme that takes into account the dynamic nature of the problem. As test case, we use Manchester Airport, the third busiest airport in the UK. From the ground movement perspective, the airport layout requires that departing aircraft taxi across the arrivals runway. This makes it impossible to separate arrival from departure sequencing in practice. Operationally, interactions between aircraft on the taxiways could prevent aircraft from taking off from, or landing on, runways during the slots assigned to them by an algorithm optimizing runway use alone. We thus consider the interactions between arrival and departure aircraft on the airport surface. Compared to sequentially optimized solutions, the results obtained with our approach indicate a significant decrease in the taxiway routing delay, with generally no loss in performance in terms of the sequencing delay for a regular day of operations. Another benefit of such a simultaneous optimization approach is the possibility of holding aircraft at the stands for longer, without the engines running. This significantly reduces the fuel burn, as well as bottlenecks and traffic congestion during peak hours that are often the cause of flight delays due to the limited amount of airport surface space available. Given that the maximum computing time per horizon is around 95 s, real-time operation might be practical with increased computing power.     

Prediction of ground vibration amplitudes due to urban railway traffic using quantitative and qualitative field data

The growth of railway transport in urban areas has lead to an increase in ground vibrations enhancing their negative environmental impact. Therefore is mandatory to predict and control ground vibrations. This work presents a methodology for the determination of prediction models of ground vibration amplitudes due to railway train circulation in urban environments. Using quantitative predictors (train speed and distance) and qualitative predictors (railway track type, dominant geology and building type), being the use of the latter predictors justified by the fact that, most frequently, quantitative parameters are very difficult to obtain in the urban environment due to their characterization. Thus, a detailed statistical study based on the proposal and validation of multiple linear regression models, is successfully applied in order to predict vibration amplitudes produced by railway train circulation, in the considered domain, as function of quantitative and qualitative predictors, easily obtained in field work. A multiple linear regression model for ground vibration prediction due to underground railway traffic has been presented for the Lisbon area.     

砂砾地层电力顶管施工引起的地面变形研究

文章针对砂砾地层电力顶管施工引起的地面变形开展研究。首先,基于现有散粒土的沉降理论计算公式,进行某砂砾地层电力隧道顶管施工引起地面变形的理论计算和分析;其次,通过理论分析和现场实测,得到砂砾地层顶管施工引起的地面变形规律;最后,在现有理论计算公式和监测数据的基础上,利用规划求解,提出适用于砂砾地层顶管施工引起地面变形的沉降槽宽度系数计算公式。研究结果表明,土体损失是引起地面沉降的主要影响因素,沉降计算时必须考虑土体损失在顶进过程中的动态变化;修正沉降槽宽度系数计算公式能够较好地适用于砂砾地层中顶管施工引起的地面沉降计算。     

复杂条件下城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究

针对深圳地铁大剧院—科学馆区间工程具有地层软弱富水的复杂工程地质条件、暗挖隧道结构呈洞群系统的复杂工程施工条件、近邻建筑物和管线密布的复杂工程边界条件等特点，综合运用理论分析、现场测试、离心试验、数值模拟等多种研究手段，对施工过程中的施工安全进行预测并提出相应的控制策略。主要研究内容及结论如下。     

计算机联锁系统防雷措施研究

随着微电子技术在铁路信号设备中的广泛应用,雷电防护成为计算机联锁系统中必不可少的一部分.就计算机联锁系统防雷的研究与应用进行了探讨.     

高速列车作用下板式轨道引起的地面振动

根据波数域内分层大地波动方程的求解理论,建立高速列车作用下板式轨道—大地耦合振动分析模型。利用Fourier变换,在频率—波数域内求解振动微分方程,再通过Fourier逆变换得到大地表面的振动位移响应。通过算例分析列车运行速度对板式轨道周围地面振动的影响。结果表明:列车运行速度越高,线路周围地面的振动响应越大。当列车速度大于200 km.h-1时,路基表面位移的幅值随车速提高迅速增大;然而当列车速度增至350 km.h-1时,位移幅值最大值又出现了回落。距离板式轨道中心线越近,行车速度的变化对地面振幅的影响越显著。尤其当列车速度接近地基的Rayleigh波波速时,由于引发共振而使地面振动位移出现峰值。