轴舵系照光找中工艺流程优化

在轴舵系照光找中方面,虽然传统拉线法设备简单、操作简便,但由于钢丝本身存在挠度,导致测量精度无法保证。随着超长轴系船舶不断增多和船舶建造精度的不断提高,拉线法已不能满足当前船舶建造精度的需要。优化后的轴舵系照光找中工艺采用光学仪器与激光设备代替拉线,所测量的数据更精准、更直观。经多型船实践证明,新的轴舵系照光找中工艺,通过改变过去照光的生产技术,不仅提高船舶建造效率和质量,而且为船厂进一步节约建造成本。     

钢箱梁U肋嵌补段疲劳开裂机理与养护措施研究

某大型悬索桥为主跨1650 m的两跨连续钢箱梁悬索桥,加劲梁采用扁平流线型分离式双箱。近2年在正交异性板钢箱梁顶板U肋嵌补段发现焊缝开裂状况,为研究及处治该病害,采用大型有限元程序ANAYS进行局部仿真计算,分析焊缝开裂后的应力分布规律、影响范围。结果表明:重车轮压的疲劳荷载、施工焊接质量等是嵌补段焊缝开裂的主要原因;钢箱梁顶板U肋嵌补段焊缝开裂会对邻近结构抗力产生影响,U肋嵌补段开裂使相邻U肋嵌补段焊缝应力增加11.8%,使U肋与顶板之间焊缝主拉应力增加57%,使邻近位置的横隔板弧形缺口主拉应力增加6%。根据分析结果建议尽早处治焊缝开裂问题,短期养护措施推荐在低应力区打止裂孔和设置临时支撑架,长期养护措施建议刨去已开裂焊缝后补焊、嵌补段整体切割后补焊和改用高强度螺栓连接方式。     

硫酸盐还原菌对高桩码头抗震设计的影响

国际上高震区高桩梁板码头抗震设计往往采用基于位移的抗震设计方法,且采用钢管桩结构较多,而硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)能在极短时间内对钢管桩造成严重的腐蚀,危害极大。针对SRB的腐蚀机理,提出3种主要防护措施,并对物理防护法的3种不同工程应用方案进行对比研究。结合菲律宾马尼拉某集装箱码头工程设计,采用控制变量法,对3个方案分别进行push-over推覆分析求解。计算结果表明,覆盖层保护法及钢管桩泥面处局部填充混凝土法的结构抗力较大且结构延性较好。对类似工程环境的码头结构设计具有借鉴意义。     

全断面富水砂层浅埋盾构隧道下穿平房群施工参数研究

盾构在富水砂层中掘进时,容易出现喷涌、地表沉降大、流砂等现象,给掘进施工带来很多问题和困难,尤其是在全断面富水砂层中掘进时,如何控制盾构施工参数显得极其重要。文章结合广州地铁21号线水西站—长平站盾构区间隧道工程实例,考虑了工程实践中盾构穿越全断面富水砂层且下穿薄弱基础的水西村民房建筑的情况,进行了盾构施工措施及试验段掘进参数分析,确定了盾构下穿水西村民房建筑的施工参数。监测结果表明:参数实际控制值与分析拟定值接近,地表沉降可以控制在5 mm内,房屋沉降可以控制在10 mm内,验证了参数选取的正确性。盾构在全断面富水砂层中下穿平房群时,实际土舱压力高于静止土压力,同步注浆量不低于1.6倍的理论值,提高土压力和推力可以有效降低平房群的沉降值。     

浅埋暗挖地铁隧道施工监测方法

文章以重庆市地铁一号线大坪车站临时施工便道为例,对在浅埋、软岩条件下既有隧道拆除采用工字钢支顶、风镐破岩,新建隧道采用台阶法环形开挖预留核心土、人工非爆破开挖的施工方法,通过现场监控量测,得出最大地表沉降仅为3.82mm,表明采用合理的施工方法可以减少地表沉降。     

基于湿度应力场理论的膨胀土边坡稳定分析

边坡土体中的膨胀力是导致膨胀土边坡失稳的主要原因之一。文章基于湿度应力场理论,采用ANSYS软件的热传导分析功能模拟分析边坡的降雨入渗以及膨胀变形,并采用有限元强度折减法对不同条件下边坡安全系数进行计算,分析了膨胀土边坡稳定规律,为膨胀土边坡处治提供理论依据。     

帷幕注浆在岩溶发育区桩基施工中的应用

文章结合帷幕注浆技术在贵阳绕城公路西南段大河边特大桥大规模溶洞施工处理中的应用实例,提出了岩溶地区帷幕注浆的设计方案与施工技术要点,对同类施工具有借鉴和指导作用。     

Property Evolution of Sulphoaluminate Grouting Material under Pressure Circulation北大核心CSCD

Water-sealed underground oil tank projects are quite different from traditional underground projects since the water-sealing conditions are very strict and the difficulties caused by the geological specificity, structural specificity and construction specificity are key factors affecting the project. In light of the significant early initial setting time and rapid temperature increase of sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material for a large domestic water-sealed underground oil tank with pressurized cyclic grouting, a laboratory grouting simulation is conducted. It is found that the properties of the sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material are quite different under different pressure cycles, the hydration exothermic peak time gets shorter with an increase of circulation time, the compressive strength decreases with an increase of circulation time, and the longer the circulation time the more obvious the de-crease of compressive strength. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Experimental Study on Mechanical Behaviors of Prefabricated Column-Base Joint with Grouted Sleeves Connecting Longitudinal Reinforcements in Tunnels北大核心CSCD

In recent years, large shield tunnels with internal double-decked lanes have been developing rapidly in the field of highway tunnels, and prefabricated elements are increasingly adopted in internal structure. Based on the columns-base joint in Zhuguanglu tunnel, which is under construction, 2 full-scale specimens are designed for the quasi-static test, one specimen is connected with grout sleeve splicing and the other is cast in place. The test results show that: the bearing capacity of specimen with grout sleeve splicing is equal to that of cast-in-situ specimen, but its ductility and energy dissipation capacity are worse than that of the cast-in-situ specimen. And for the specimen with grout sleeve splicing, there exists crack concentration on the area above the sleeve. The crack width is too larger in this area. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Model Test on Grouting Law in Dynamic Water-Rich Sand Layers by the Electric Resistance Method北大核心CSCD

In order to study the diffusion law of grouting slurry in the water-rich sand layer under flowing water conditions, a grouting test model consisting of a main test system, a grouting system, and a measurement system was developed. And for detecting the diffusion scope of the grouts, a new resistivity method was proposed. It is found that the relationship between grouting pressure and grouting rate during the test is strong. Under hydrodynamic conditions, the grouting slurry diffuses elliptically. Due to gravity and the effect of the upper water flow, the center of gravity of the ellipsoid is below the grouting outlet, and the grouting effectively improves the physical and mechanical properties of water-rich sand bodies. At the same time, the resistivity method has a good application effect on the detection of grouting diffusion range. The range of slurry diffusion obtained by the resistivity method is basically consistent with the boundary of the stone body after excavation, indicating that the resistivity method is reliable for detection of grouting range in dynamic water-rich sand layer. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.