从宏观经济形势看中重型卡车的技术战略

基于我国GDP走势、社会货运总量、国内工业化进程、产业结构升级、发展地区调整等宏观经济因素导致的公路运输供给和需求分析,结合东风商用车市场研究,探索我国重化工业阶段国内卡车市场需求的发展趋势和技术战略。     

一种新型清障“泥头车”的半挂式清障车

利用半挂车的工作原理,设计出一种新型半挂式清障车,可以安全有效快捷地清障出了事故的超载＂泥头车＂,避免了传统清障车对其托举托牵作业时前轴容易＂翘头＂的缺陷。     

某重型自卸车车架结构强度有限元分析

利用有限单元法对一款冲压铆接自卸车车架进行了仿真分析,计算得到该车架在典型极限工况下的变形和应力,结果表明该车架强度合理,满足设计要求。     

A network option portfolio management framework for adaptive transportation planning

A real option portfolio management framework is proposed to make use of an adaptive network design problem developed using stochastic dynamic programming methodologies. The framework is extended from Smit’s and Trigeorgis’ option portfolio framework to incorporate network synergies. The adaptive planning framework is defined and tested on a case study with time series origin-destination demand data. Historically, OD time series data is costly to obtain, and there has not been much need for it because most transportation models use a single time-invariant estimate based on deterministic forecasting of demand. Despite the high cost and institutional barriers of obtaining abundant OD time series data, we illustrate how having higher fidelity data along with an adaptive planning framework can result in a number of improved management strategies. An insertion heuristic is adopted to run the lower bound adaptive network design problem for a coarse Iran network with 834 nodes, 1121 links, and 10 years of time series data for 71,795 OD pairs.     

移动大型钢结构物的模块平板运输车对码头强夯地基的影响

近几年,在国内大型海洋工程结构物建造过程中,已逐步利用模块平板运输车来移动大型钢结构物.该技术具有操作简单、工作效率高、移动速度快和环境要求低等优点,但在大型结构物的移动过程中,模块平板运输车可能导致地基沉陷甚至破坏.结合国际镍矿项目大型结构物的移位过程,重点分析码头强夯地基的特性、模块平板运输车的结构及液压控制系统的...     

重型货运车辆出行时空差异性和影响因素分析

重型货运车辆能促进城市经济生产和物流效率,但也因显著的排放、噪声和拥堵等外部属性对城市空间品质有明显影响,对其活动时空特征和影响因素分析是当前城市空间品质提升和交通管理精细化的迫切需求。基于深圳注册的12 t以上重型货车GPS轨迹数据,考虑不同类型货运车辆作业差异,提出利用统计抽样中最小样本量的观察结果确定不同类型重型货车轨迹数据出行切割阈值水平的方法;针对5类重型货车,分析出车强度和出行时段的差异性,与小客车进行对比分析发现,重型货车出行活动与小客车出行在时间上存在错峰特征,且夜间出行比例较高;重型货车的活动空间具有组内差异性,集装箱卡车具有显著的跨城市活动需求,更多承担中长距离运输功能,而土方车和重型罐式车更多承担本地化运输服务功能;重型货车的活动空间具有集聚特征,出行活动的节点强度具有无标度幂律分布特征;利用广义加性模型分析两类典型货车活动空间的影响因素,集装箱卡车活动与港口及交通仓储园区等物流设施呈现非线性关系,而普通大货车与工业园区等产业用地具有紧密关系。本文可以为重型货车交通精细化管理和交通需求模型建设提供新的思路和方法。     

The implications of MARPOL Annex V on the management of ports and coastal communities

Abstract

The passage of the Marine Plastics Pollution Research and Control Act of 1987 (MPPRCA), which codified Annex V of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), has encompassed every commercial and recreational shipping and boating facility in the United States. As a group, these ports, harbors, and marinas form a significant, although proportionately small, portion of the coastline of the country. More important, the economic benefits derived from the complex shoreside infrastructures required for international ocean trade, commercial and recreational fishing, and pleasure boating indicate just how critical it is for these facilities to be in conformance with effective and prudent coastal zone and environmental management practices.     

微型顶管施工技术在农污治理中的应用

针对农村生活污水治理工程污水管道口径小、乡村道路狭窄、大型施工设备进出不便等特点,结合海盐县农污处理设施工程,介绍了微型顶管二次工法工艺流程及施工过程.总结了微型顶管顶进速度快、工作坑占地面积小、管道铺设精度高、对环境影响小等优点,认为微型顶管在一般砂性、黏性地质条件下具有良好的应用效果,为农污治理项目提供了较好的解决方案.     

Improving the estimation of total and direction-based heavy-duty vehicle annual average daily traffic

Abstract

The estimation of annual average daily traffic (AADT) is an important parameter collected and maintained by all US departments of transportation. There have been many past research studies that have focused on ways to improve the estimation of AADT. This paper builds upon previous research and compares eight methods, both traditional and cluster-based methodologies, for aggregating monthly adjustment factors for heavy-duty vehicles (US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes 4–13). In addition to the direct comparison between the methodologies, the results from the analysis of variance show at the 95% confidence level that the four cluster-based methods produce statistically lower variance and coefficient of variation over the more traditional approaches. In addition to these findings – which are consistent with previous total volume studies – further analysis is performed to compare total heavy-duty monthly adjustment factors, both directions of traffic, with direction-based monthly adjustment factors. The final results show that the variance as well as the coefficient of variation improve on average by 25% when directional aggregate monthly adjustment factors are used instead of total direction.     

废蓄电池对环境的污染与回收利用

论述了废蓄电池对环境所造成的严重污染，介绍了废蓄电池综合利用与再生铅的提取方法，并就废蓄电池管理与回收的现状，提出了理顺废蓄电池的回收渠道、规范收购行为的合理化建议，指出在我国当前工业化的进程中要解决好节约资源、保护环境两大课题的重要性。