中国与哈萨克斯坦铁路国际联运混编列车存在的问题及解决方案

对哈萨克斯坦铁路货车在我国境内运用中存在的问题进行了调查和统计分析,并提出了解决方案。     

计算高速列车车内压力的热力学模型

运用热力学基础知识，建立了一种计算高速列车通过隧道时车内压力变化的热力学模型，它采用当量漏气面积表示车辆气密性，具有物理意义明确的特点。在相同的计算条件下，将其与现有能够计算车内压力的2种模型——经验模型和流动模型进行了车内压力计算的对比分析，结果表明热力学模型用于高速列车车内压力计算是可行的。     

近代高速列车技术进展

论述了近代高速列车的发展趋势是运行速度不断提高，RAMS不断增长，降低LCC，动力装置配置采用动力分散式；介绍了近代高速列车采用的新技术、新结构，其中包括大功率交流传动系统、高速转向架、高速制动技术、高速车体技术、车内环境及排污技术、列车监控与诊断技术等；最后阐明了近代高速列车维修现状及发展趋势。     

货车制动梁常见故障的分析及对策

通过对运用中货车制动梁出现的故障进行分析,提出了防止故障的措施和建议。     

大秦线运煤列车煤扬尘防治技术研究

针对大秦铁路运煤列车煤扬尘特点,研制以合成高聚物POL1为基料复配而成的粘结型抑尘剂。运煤列车对抑尘剂强度、时间有效性要求不高,考虑环保要求和成本,配方的基本组成为基料、增塑剂、填料。分析了基本组分的特性、配比对抑尘剂物理指标的影响。对该抑尘剂进行了抗低温、抗雨淋性能试验,汽车模拟试验。结合现场调查结果,说明隧道模拟试验结果的正确性,并模拟分析了隧道煤扬尘污染分布,对该抑尘剂的抑尘效果进行验证,在上述试验基础上,进行列车动态试验(生产性中试)试验。结果表明,采用该抑尘剂,运煤列车沿线扬尘削减率在95.1%~99.6%之间,隧道中扬尘削减率在93.8%~97.8%之间。抑尘剂性能及防治效果、喷淋量均可达到实际生产要求。     

三茂内燃摆式动车组内装及部件设计

阐述了三茂内燃摆式动车组的内装及部件结构设计理念,并介绍了其结构创新情况。     

新型磁浮式轨道巡检车制动盘温度场及热应力场分析

摘要;采用ANSYS10.0有限元软件,建立了制动盘三维对称循环有限元模型,对实心、开通风槽和开通风槽及散热孔3种不同结构类型的灰铸铁材料的制动盘进行温度场和热应力场的分析.计算比较制动初速度为60 km/h时紧急制动情况下不同结构类型制动盘的热力学特性.仿真结果表明:3种不同结构的制动盘温度分布趋势和应力分布趋势基本...     

Development of a new time domain-based algorithm for train detection and axle counting

This paper presents an innovative train detection algorithm, able to perform the train localisation and, at the same time, to estimate its speed, the crossing times on a fixed point of the track and the axle number. The proposed solution uses the same approach to evaluate all these quantities, starting from the knowledge of generic track inputs directly measured on the track (for example, the vertical forces on the sleepers, the rail deformation and the rail stress). More particularly, all the inputs are processed through cross-correlation operations to extract the required information in terms of speed, crossing time instants and axle counter. This approach has the advantage to be simple and less invasive than the standard ones (it requires less equipment) and represents a more reliable and robust solution against numerical noise because it exploits the whole shape of the input signal and not only the peak values. A suitable and accurate multibody model of railway vehicle and flexible track has also been developed by the authors to test the algorithm when experimental data are not available and in general, under any operating conditions (fundamental to verify the algorithm accuracy and robustness). The railway vehicle chosen as benchmark is the Manchester Wagon, modelled in the Adams VI-Rail environment. The physical model of the flexible track has been implemented in the Matlab and Comsol Multiphysics environments. A simulation campaign has been performed to verify the performance and the robustness of the proposed algorithm, and the results are quite promising. The research has been carried out in cooperation with Ansaldo STS and ECM Spa.     

An optimization model of energy and transportation systems: Assessing the high-speed rail impacts in the United States

This paper presents a long-term investment planning model that co-optimizes infrastructure investments and operations across transportation and electric infrastructure systems for meeting the energy and transportation needs in the United States. The developed passenger transportation model is integrated within the modeling framework of a National Long-term Energy and Transportation Planning (NETPLAN) software, and the model is applied to investigate the impact of high-speed rail (HSR) investments on interstate passenger transportation portfolio, fuel and electricity consumption, and 40-year cost and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. The results show that there are feasible scenarios under which significant HSR penetration can be achieved, leading to reasonable decrease in national long-term CO₂ emissions and costs. At higher HSR penetration of approximately 30% relative to no HSR in the portfolio promises a 40-year cost savings of up to $0.63 T, gasoline and jet fuel consumption reduction of up to 34% for interstate passenger trips, CO₂ emissions reduction by about 0.8 billion short tons, and increased resilience against petroleum price shocks. Additionally, sensitivity studies with respect to light-duty vehicle mode share reveal that in order to realize such long-term cost and emission benefits, a change in the passenger mode choice is essential to ensure higher ridership for HSR.     

考虑换乘异质性的城市轨道交通时刻表协同优化模型

在城市轨道交通网络化运营条件下，极易导致换乘站的换乘需求差异过大。为提高列车时刻表与换乘需求的匹配度，本文基于网络中换乘站的空间拓扑结构和换乘需求在时间和方向上的特点，通过构建量化换乘差异的协同度指标，建立以列车同步次数最大化为目标的列车时刻表优化模型，优化轨道交通网络线路间成功衔接次数，提升乘客换乘出行效率。针对提出的混合 整数非线性规划模型，本文设计了一种基于天牛须搜索的粒子群优化算法进行求解，并将模型及算法应用于北京市轨道交通网络进行算例分析。结果表明，所构建的模型能依据换乘需求在空间、时间及方向上的差异，利用协同度分级优化轨道交通路网中列车协同状态；优化后全网列车同步到达次数增加33.86%，乘客平均换乘等待时间减少22.75%；相较于PSO和BAS算法，本文所提的算法具有更好的全局搜索能力和求解效率。本文可有效提高轨道交通换乘效率，为提升城 市轨道交通服务质量提供理论参考。