马达加斯加武海马尔墓地的发掘与研究

马达加斯加武海马尔墓群有近六百座墓,其墓葬形制与同时期东非地区阿拉伯穆斯林的墓葬形制有着明显的不同,有些墓葬与中国穆斯林的墓葬形制有较多相似之处。部分墓葬中出土了大量元、明时期的瓷器和其他随葬品,反映出武海马尔墓群主人可能是元、明时期来自中国东南沿海地区或东南亚的色目、回回商人,以及附属于他们的汉人、马来人或武海马尔当地土著,如他们的妻妾、子女、随从、伙计等,其中有些是受雇于穆斯林商人的汉人或者受穆斯林影响的汉人,因此,其葬俗保留了一些中国传统丧葬礼仪的痕迹。     

地铁道岔尖轨线型复核及矫正

地铁道岔尖轨是道岔实现转换功能的主要部件之一，尖轨线型不良不仅使列车产生晃动，也会影响与基本轨的正常靠贴和自由状态平面位置。尖轨与基本轨靠贴时存在离缝、卡阻和尖轨原始位置不准，会使尖轨失去稳定刚度和增大道岔锁闭“框动”、转换动力以及出现转换反弹现象，继而恶化通号转辙设备的工况，影响道岔的正常使用。由此，轨道专业人士应高度重视尖轨的线型控制。在实践的基础上，认真分析尖轨从生产制造、运输、存放、上道使用过程中线型发生不良变化的成因，提出相应对策措施；并介绍尖轨线型的检测复核和矫正手段。其中，首次倡导“一弦矢距法”检测复核整根尖轨线型的现状，特别针对曲线型尖轨，通过建立数学模型计算得到“一弦”条件下尖轨各检测点理论矢距值，为尖轨上道前进行预矫正提供了依据，这对地铁停运后的有限时间天窗内圆满完成尖轨更换作业意义重大。     

Who you are is how you travel: A framework for transportation mode detection using individual and environmental characteristics

With the increasing prevalence of geo-enabled mobile phone applications, researchers can collect mobility data at a relatively high spatial and temporal resolution. Such data, however, lack semantic information such as the interaction of individuals with the transportation modes available. On the other hand, traditional mobility surveys provide detailed snapshots of the relation between socio-demographic characteristics and choice of transportation modes. Transportation mode detection is currently approached using features such as speed, acceleration and direction either on their own or in combination with GIS data. Combining such information with socio-demographic characteristics of travellers has the potential of offering a richer modelling framework that could facilitate better transportation mode detection using variables such as age and disability. In this paper, we explore the possibility to include both elements of the environment and individual characteristics of travellers in the task of transportation mode detection. Using dynamic Bayesian Networks, we model the transition matrix to account for such auxiliary data by using an informative Dirichlet prior constructed using data from traditional mobility surveys. Results have shown that it is possible to achieve comparable accuracy with the most widely used classification algorithms while having a rich modelling framework, even in the case of sparse mobility data.     

公路建设项目征地拆迁补偿费用确定与控制方法研究

文中以广东省公路建设项目征地拆迁费用的确定为例,以现行实施的征地拆迁补偿相关规定为基础,探讨征地数量和标准的计量、计算方法,建立征地拆迁标准动态数据库,以期对征地拆迁费用的确定和控制提供思路和实际操作指导。     

车辆隔热壁K值计算中空气层的处理方法

对轨道交通车辆多层复合结构的隔热壁进行隔热性能理论计算与仿真计算的对比,对隔热壁内部空气层的隔热性能进行分析。结论为:在车辆多层复合结构的隔热壁K值计算中,当空气层厚度大于一定厚度时,流体自然对流对隔热壁的隔热性能影响较大。利用多项式密度(Polynomial Denisity)和Boussinesq模型两种算法,对所得结论进行了验证。     

Free-floating bike sharing: Solving real-life large-scale static rebalancing problems

Free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) is an innovative bike sharing model. FFBS saves on start-up cost, in comparison to station-based bike sharing (SBBS), by avoiding construction of expensive docking stations and kiosk machines. FFBS prevents bike theft and offers significant opportunities for smart management by tracking bikes in real-time with built-in GPS. However, like SBBS, the success of FFBS depends on the efficiency of its rebalancing operations to serve the maximal demand as possible.Bicycle rebalancing refers to the reestablishment of the number of bikes at sites to desired quantities by using a fleet of vehicles transporting the bicycles. Static rebalancing for SBBS is a challenging combinatorial optimization problem. FFBS takes it a step further, with an increase in the scale of the problem. This article is the first effort in a series of studies of FFBS planning and management, tackling static rebalancing with single and multiple vehicles. We present a Novel Mixed Integer Linear Program for solving the Static Complete Rebalancing Problem. The proposed formulation, can not only handle single as well as multiple vehicles, but also allows for multiple visits to a node by the same vehicle. We present a hybrid nested large neighborhood search with variable neighborhood descent algorithm, which is both effective and efficient in solving static complete rebalancing problems for large-scale bike sharing programs.Computational experiments were carried out on the 1 Commodity Pickup and Delivery Traveling Salesman Problem (1-PDTSP) instances used previously in the literature and on three new sets of instances, two (one real-life and one general) based on Share-A-Bull Bikes (SABB) FFBS program recently launched at the Tampa campus of University of South Florida and the other based on Divvy SBBS in Chicago. Computational experiments on the 1-PDTSP instances demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms a tabu search algorithm and is highly competitive with exact algorithms previously reported in the literature for solving static rebalancing problems in SBSS. Computational experiments on the SABB and Divvy instances, demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to deal with the increase in scale of the static rebalancing problem pertaining to both FFBS and SBBS, while deriving high-quality solutions in a reasonable amount of CPU time.     

可持续交通——各方观点和长期挑战

从交通研究者和实践者的角度出发,以可持续交通这一概念为中心展开讨论。可持续交通宽泛地反映了可持续发展在交通领域的原则。随着可持续性这一概念的外延逐渐扩大,在它的定义、应用和价值取向上出现了不同观点。着重讨论可持续交通,以及如何理解和运用可持续交通,包括:1)将可持续性或者可持续发展作为一个整体的概念,包括关于可持续性的不同方法和定义之间的冲突;2)对可持续交通以及交通领域对其理解的探索;3)使用指标来实现可持续性的应用。然后识别了通往可持续交通之路的若干挑战,包括缺乏清晰定义、可持续性的固有冲突、可持续发展的跨领域本质、各种工作框架和指标体系、可持续发展的政治因素和交通领域实践中的不同观点。基于在该课题上的研究积累,总结解决这些问题的工作框架,提出因地制宜、注重结果、整体的方法来解决可持续交通中的挑战。     

基于计算机自动控制技术的多探头测深系统研制与改造

通过加装控制盒的方式,实现单探头测深仪与自动控制探头之间的流畅切换,将传统单探头测深仪改造成具有多探头功能的高效水下测量仪器系统,主要用于航道和码头基床等的水下扫测。利用该系统进行的码头基床扫测已经取得成功,可为同类测量设备的改造提供全新的思路。     

论孔子人才观的历史定位与普适价值

孔子的人才观虽然产生于春秋时期动荡的社会背景下,却揭示了人才的最本质内涵———＂仁、智、勇＂。三者作为人才内涵的核心三要素,形成一个内在的三角稳定结构,它能够持久地推动包括成才在内的人的生命境界的发展,因而具有超越时代和社会阶层的普适价值。     

沥青路面压实性能影响因素分析

将影响沥青路面压实的因素归纳为材料因素、结构和环境因素以及压实机具等,并对这些影响因素进行较为全面的分析,充分认识这些因素的作用机理对于在施工中提高沥青路面的压实质量和长期性能具有重大意义。