关于城市桥梁在8度强震区的抗震设计讨论

为了研究一般跨径城市桥梁在8度地震区的抗震设计方法,文章以具体工程为例,采用规范推荐的参数和公式,拟合出场地在E1和E2作用下水平地震动反应谱;通过有限元建模分析,对规范推荐的延性抗震体系和减隔震体系做了详细的计算和分析,研究结果标明:两种抗震体系均能满足相关规范的设计要求;但是减隔震体系在设计阶段造价更低,震后修复费用也较小,在经济性方面有较大的优势。     

丰沙铁路8号隧道内落石分析及处理措施

丰沙铁路8号隧道由于修建时间较早,部分段落为无衬砌隧道,经过长时间的风化、振动及地下裂隙水等因素影响,无衬砌段发生了围岩脱落,严重威胁行车安全。经过地质勘察,分析围岩脱落的形成原因,通过地质雷达无损探测结合理论分析,确定围岩松动圈的厚度,结合铁路的实际运营、宽度限界条件、施工条件等,通过方案对比,采用TECCO柔性防护网、注浆等方式对无衬砌段进行防护,长短锚杆结合的方式稳定防护网,并通过有限元分析长锚杆注浆对围岩位移、应变的改善作用。通过这些加固措施,最终达到了防止围岩脱落,加固无衬砌隧道的目的。     

浅谈城市轨道交通建设项目水土保持防治措施

以上海市徐汇区某轨道交通工程项目为例,围绕工程及项目特点,展开分析了该类型生产项目建设的水土流失特点及防治分区特征,并对水土保持措施进行总体布局,以确保城市轨道交通项目水土保持防治措施全面有效地发挥作用.     

回流区水流运动三维数值模拟

建立了三维有限元水流模型,模型中采用了高分辨率计算格式。依此模型计算了突扩引起的回流,获得的掺混区流速分布和回流区固定点水位、流速非恒定过程与实测结果基本一致。     

湘潭市湘江四桥系杆锚固区局部应力分析

针对湘潭市湘江四大桥主跨结构为(120 400 120)m的斜拉钢管混凝土系杆拱桥,该桥系杆锚固于混凝土边主梁上,系杆锚固区受力状态复杂的情况,基于有限元分析,发现设计结构存在局部拉应力过大的现象,为了解决该问题,对系杆锚固区的结构设计进行修改及进一步力学分析,提出减小锚固槽壁及支座对锚下变形约束的结构设计思路和具体措施,以实现减小局部应力的目的。所得结论和建议可供同类结构设计参考。     

从水质水量联合角度评价鉴江流域可用水资源量

首先介绍满足流域水功能区水质目标的可用水资源量联合评价方法。该方法通过水量平衡和污染物质的质量平衡原理,建立单元系统的水量水质模型,依据水质水量资料确定模型参数;然后利用模型推求单元系统的可用水资源量;最后推广应用到河流多区段系统。将该评价方法应用到广东鉴江流域,计算该流域的可用水资源量。结果表明,可用水资源量与水质污染现状、水功能区的水质目标、河道生态需水量等有关。     

寒冷地区客车的防寒设计

根据25T型铁路客车在寒冷地区的运用,分析了列车防寒的主要因素,包括车体的密封性、防寒材料的薄弱部位和热绝缘等。结合运用结果,提出了寒冷地区列车防寒结构方案的改进设计。     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

预应力束张拉顺序对锚下局部应力影响分析

预应力混凝土构件中通常布置有多束预应力束,在施工设计中需要考虑预应力束的张拉顺序,合理的进行预应力筋的张拉。采用有限元程序ANSYS对不同的预应力束张拉顺序下某大桥主粱被动锚固区的局部应力进行分析计算,计算结果对同类桥梁的设计施工有一定的参考价值。     

Driver behavior formulation in intersection dilemma zones with phone use distraction via a logit-Bayesian network hybrid approach

Use of cellular phone while driving is one of the top contributing factors that induce traffic crashes, resulting in significant loss of life and property. A dilemma zone is a circumstance near signalized intersections where drivers hesitate when making decisions related to their driving behaviors. Therefore, the dilemma zone has been identified as an area with high crash potential. This article utilizes a logit-based Bayesian network (BN) hybrid approach to investigate drivers' decision patterns in a dilemma zone with phone use, based on experimental data from driving simulations from the National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS). Using a logit regression model, five variables were found to be significant in predicting drivers' decisions in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks: older drivers (50–60 years old), yellow signal length, time to stop line, handheld phone tasks, and driver gender. The identified significant variables were then used to train a BN model to predict drivers' decisions at a dilemma zone and examine probabilistic impacts of these variables on drivers' decisions. The analysis results indicate that the trained BN model was effective in driver decision prediction and variable influence extraction. It was found that older drivers, a short yellow signal, a short time to stop line, nonhandheld phone tasks, and female drivers are factors that tend to result in drivers proceeding through intersections in a dilemma zone with phone use distraction. These research findings provide insight in understanding driver behavior patterns in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks.