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61.
Carlo Theunissen 《运输规划与技术》2013,36(6):427-446
Abstract Inland vessels move goods along waterways (canals and rivers) and they visit ports. Because of their tidal nature, vessels make use of locks to enter ports or waterways. From a port management point of view, fast access to and from the port and high utilization of locks are important objectives. Where the former relates to low inbound and outbound waiting times, the latter relates to the placement of as many vessels as possible in the lock before its operation. This article includes a case study that relates to the operation of the Van Cauwelaert lock in the port of Antwerp, Belgium. Lock operation policy is as follows: vessels wait in front of the lock for a port administrator to assign places in the lock based on knowledge of the vessels’ dimensions. As such, there is no FIFO-discipline, but a ‘group-FIFO’-discipline, i.e. if n vessels are allowed into the lock, they are the first n vessels in the arrival queue. A heuristic algorithm is formulated for the placement of vessels in the lock. This algorithm supports the decision where to place the vessel in the lock, aiming to place as many vessels as possible from the arrival queue. At the same time, it supports the decision to start a locking operation or not, based on information about vessels that are announced but which have not yet arrived at the lock's entrance. The heuristic is called a ‘less-flexibility-first’-heuristic as it looks for pseudo-placements, showing which flexibility is left for the remaining vessels after placing a vessel. This article describes the implementation of the heuristic and provides numerical examples. A comparison is made between the heuristic results and daily practice, based on real-life vessel movements through the Van Cauwelaert lock in 2002. 相似文献
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文章结合航标遥控遥测技术在贵梧Ⅱ级航道工建设中的应用实践,分析了航标遥控遥测应用管理遇到的主要问题,并提出建立有效的运行管理制度、加强人才的培养和引进、做好系统软硬件的维护管理、加强实时监控的技术管理和深化应用管理等充分发挥航标遥控遥测技术效能的有效措施。 相似文献
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本船型开发设计是配合交通部"运河及长江三角洲集装箱标准船型"的开发项目,结合江南水网的远景规划,借鉴国外内河优秀船型的先进设计经验,进行新船型的研究开发设计.本文首先进行船型方案的论证,提出开发92 TEU内河集装箱船经济上是有利的,技术上是可行的,接着对92 TEU内河集装箱船进行研究、开发设计,最后把该船型与目前在航船舶进行经济比较,证明该船的开发是成功的. 相似文献
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文章针对广西内河助航标现状,提出加大技术创新,对航标进行技改的思路。并对应用现有技术建设广西内河航标自动遥测系统进行探讨,为提高航标维护管理质量提供参考。 相似文献
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分析了论述了现有的以船舶总吨位确定舱底水量方法的不足,提出了以船舶总功能确定舱底水量的新观念。经对38艘内河航船长达一年的舱底水量的大量数据统计测量和回归分析,得到了估算舱底水量的经验公式。 相似文献
66.
本文从加强航道治理、改善通航环境,加快港口建设,严格实行运输船舶标准化三方面论述了内河航运业的发展战略。 相似文献
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我国要促使集装箱各种集疏运方式向合理的方向发展,应当认清并充分发挥铁路与内河运输各自的优势.从鹿特丹和汉堡港等国外主要港口的发展经验中总结经验,结合各港口自身的区位奈件,充分考虑未来腹地的发展,建设基础设施。完善相关政策,使各运输方式各尽其能,形成高效率、低能耗、污染少的集装箱集疏运体系。 相似文献
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The transport sector accounts for nearly one third of the world’s total energy use, while inland transport alone is responsible for half of the global petroleum consumption. The expansion of motorization in newly industrialized economies necessitates setting realistic targets. To support decision-makers in better assessment of transport sustainability performance, we introduce a systematic triple bottom line-based approach to evaluate inland transport, considering social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability. The proposed network data envelopment analysis (DEA) measure organizes the three components of the system into a parallel structure, allocates shared input across subsystems, and incorporates undesirable output. The empirical application determines the efficiency of regional inland transportation systems in China from 2006 to 2015. The results indicate a rise in overall transport efficiency between China’s 11th and 12th five-year development plan periods and link the economic growth with a decrease in environmental transport efficiency in the Central and Western zones and with a decline in social efficiency in the Eastern zone. Since 2012, the social sustainability remains the weakest component of inland transport, which requires special attention by policy-makers to support vulnerable groups of transport users. This study provides further insight into the investigated measures and proposes recommendations for the improvement of inland transport in China. 相似文献
70.
Increase of congestion at container deep seaports and shortage of capacity has led inland transport systems worldwide to rely more and more on inland terminals, and on the use of high capacity modes of transport to generate economies of scale and reduce negative effects of trucking. In this setting, planning the transport of maritime containers between a deep seaport and a final inland destination must also consider due dates and soft time windows, the latter known as Demurrage and Detention (D&D). In this paper, we formalize the concept of D&D, model the multimodal planning problem, and assess the impact of different D&D regimes on the emerging inland transport systems. By means of an experimental framework, we compare different D&D policies and provide managerial insights. The experiments highlight the effects of existing D&D regimes on transport efficiency and provide guidelines for their choice in practice. D&D are shown to have a twofold effect: first to limit consolidation opportunities and force the use of trucks as buffer, and second to push containers to dwell unnecessarily at the seaports. 相似文献