船用冷凝器的真空与凝水过冷度控制系统研究

为了对冷凝器的真空与凝水过冷度进行有效的控制,根据船用冷凝器的结构与工作原理,建立了冷凝器的简化集总参数模型,并设计了冷凝器的真空与凝水过冷度控制系统.运用Matlab/Simulink软件实现了冷凝器的控制系统仿真,并对降负荷工况进行了计算.结果表明,冷凝器的真空与凝水过冷度控制系统能及时地调节循环水的流量,以保证冷凝器的真空维持不变.同时,通过热力除氧来提高凝水温度,可以有效地将凝水过冷度控制在规定的范围内.这对于冷凝器的真空与凝水过冷度控制系统的设计具有一定的指导意义.     

潜艇按照预定空间轨迹运动的控制

控制潜艇按照预定空间轨迹航行,通过减小潜艇实际运动轨迹和预定轨迹的轨迹偏差来提高潜艇的航行控制精度。通过解算,将轨迹偏差变成指令航向、指令深度和指令纵倾,运用最优控制方法来控制舵角的变化,使潜艇较精确的按照预定的空间轨迹航行。     

船舶轨迹运动控制方法改进研究

分析了船舶轨迹控制的直接法和间接法的特点,提出综合航向控制与航迹控制,利用航向差与航迹角度差的变化,调整航向差与航迹角度的相互关系来控制舵角,达到消除航迹偏差的控制目的。通过实船试验,验证了此方法简单实用、控制精度高、灵活性强的特点,特别是在复杂条件下,此法避免了大量的力学分析和算法推演,只考虑各种因素对船舶的实际影响结果,控制效果明显。     

对海上非法砂石船有效监管问题的思考

近年来,渤海湾海上交通安全形势严峻,海上非法采砂船、砂石运输船险情频发,船沉人亡事故时有发生。文中通过对渤海湾砂石船事故原因的分析,并结合海事监管工作实际,对非法采砂船、砂石运输船的长效监管问题提出了看法和相关建议。     

基于RS-485总线的舰船损管训练平台监控系统研究

通过构建监控网元的特殊数据结构,将基于RS-485现场总线、嵌入式技术和以太网技术的舰船损管仿真综合训练自动化监测与控制系统中的软、硬件设计融为一体,使系统具备良好的电气特性、高效的传输速率和稳定的工作性能,较好地实现了模拟灾害设置、训练实时监控和训练动态管理等功能.     

A shockwave profile model for traffic flow on congested urban arterials

In this paper a new traffic flow model for congested arterial networks, named shockwave profile model (SPM), is presented. Taking advantage of the fact that traffic states within a congested link can be simplified as free-flow, saturated, and jammed conditions, SPM simulates traffic dynamics by analytically deriving the trajectories of four major shockwaves: queuing, discharge, departure, and compression waves. Unlike conventional macroscopic models, in which space is often discretized into small cells for numerical solutions, SPM treats each homogeneous road segment with constant capacity as a section; and the queuing dynamics within each section are described by tracing the shockwave fronts. SPM is particularly suitable for simulating traffic flow on congested signalized arterials especially with queue spillover problems, where the steady-state periodic pattern of queue build-up and dissipation process may break down. Depending on when and where spillover occurs along a signalized arterial, a large number of queuing patterns may be possible. Therefore it becomes difficult to apply the conventional approach directly to track shockwave fronts. To overcome this difficulty, a novel approach is proposed as part of the SPM, in which queue spillover is treated as either extending a red phase or creating new smaller cycles, so that the analytical solutions for tracing the shockwave fronts can be easily applied. Since only the essential features of arterial traffic flow, i.e., queue build-up and dissipation, are considered, SPM significantly reduces the computational load and improves the numerical efficiency. We further validated SPM using real-world traffic signal data collected from a major arterial in the Twin Cities. The results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the model. We expect that in the future this model can be applied in a number of real-time applications such as arterial performance prediction and signal optimization.     

泥水盾构穿越堤坝沉降控制研究

对杭州庆春路过江盾构隧道施工引起的大堤沉降实测数据进行了分析,采用Peck公式对横向沉降曲线进行拟合,并对东西线隧道上方大堤沉降进行了对比.分析结果表明:西线盾构施工引起的大堤沉降比东线要大,原因是西线盾构穿堤期间持续降雨、泥浆管爆裂引起泥水压力剧烈波动,以及首次穿堤缺少工程经验、盾构掘进参数控制劣于东线等:验证了Pe...     

西山特长隧道斜井进入正洞交叉口施工技术

太古高速公路西山特长隧道全长13.654 km,是国内目前在建最长的公路隧道。在斜井进入正洞交叉口的施工中,成功采用台阶法矩形断面垂直挑顶直接转入正洞施工方案,通过优化调整设计参数,采取加强支护、减震爆破等技术措施,实现了斜井安全、简便、快速地转入正洞的施工。     

沥青路面原材料的选用

结合近几年路面工程施工情况,对沥青混凝土的原材料的选用及材料质量控制进行分析,对公路工程具有一定的参考价值。     

采用骨架密实型结构防止基层反射裂缝的关键施工技术

孟营高速公路上面层为SUP型沥青混凝土路面,因而对路面基层裂缝的防治提出了更高的要求。骨架密实性水泥稳定级配碎石结构具有后期强度高、裂缝少等优点,但其碎石含量大,在拌和、运输、摊铺等环节中容易离析。