基于基底隔震的连续梁桥的地震时程分析

对连续梁桥的基底隔震响应进行分析,并对其进行了详细的动力分析。针对具有空心桥墩的桥梁结构,分析直接影响结构动力响应的自振特性,然后采用时程分析法分析结构地震响应,并对其有无隔震时的时程响应结果进行比较。     

Stability and bifurcation in network traffic flow: A Poincaré map approach

Previous studies have shown that, in a diverge-merge network with two intermediate links (the DM network), the kinematic wave model always admits stationary solutions under constant boundary conditions, but periodic oscillations can develop from empty initial conditions. Such contradictory observations suggest that the stationary states be unstable. In this study we develop a systematic approach to investigate the stability property of stationary states in this and other networks within the framework of network kinematic wave theories. Based on the observation that kinematic waves propagate in a circular path when only one of the two intermediate links is congested, we derive a one-dimensional, discrete Poincaré map in the out-flux at a Poincaré section. We then prove that the fixed points of the Poincaré map correspond to stationary flow-rates on the two links. With Lyapunov’s first method, we demonstrate that the Poincaré map can be finite-time stable, asymptotically stable, or unstable. When unstable, the map is found to have periodical points of period two, but no chaotic solutions. We further analyze the bifurcation in the stability of the Poincaré map caused by varying route choice proportions. We apply the Poincaré map approach to analyzing traffic patterns in more general (DM)ⁿ and beltway networks, which are sufficient and necessary structures for network-induced unstable traffic and gridlock, respectively. This study demonstrates that the Poincaré map approach can be efficiently applied to analyze traffic dynamics in any road networks with circular information propagation and provides new insights into unstable traffic dynamics caused by interactions among network bottlenecks.     

碾压膨胀土波速变化规律及声波技术应用探讨

针对百色地区膨胀土,利用TH204非金属超声波测试系统,对以最佳含水率和塑限含水率为控制含水率下的碾压膨胀土进行声波测试,得到了等幅度干湿循环作用后的纵波速度的变化规律。试验研究结果表明,随着循环次数的增加,不同控制含水率下碾压膨胀土试件的平均纵波速度呈非线性衰减,其0～1次循环,衰减程度最大。循环幅度对膨胀土的波速衰减有较大的影响,循环幅度越大,纵波速度衰减越大。结合声波技术在岩体材料中的应用,探讨了声波技术在路基膨胀土中的应用问题。     

静力法与应力波法检测木结构工程材弹性模量的对比研究

通过采用静力法与应力波法检测同一批木材的弹性模量,对两者测试结果的差异原因进行了分析,并通过线性拟合发现2种方法的测试结果具有较好的相关性,在此基础上,提出了未来木结构工程材的无损检测研究发展趋势。     

TGP地震预报技术在隧道超前地质预报中数据异常原因分析及处理措施

隧道施工常采用地震反射波法采集地震波数据,受施工进度、地质情况、现场配合、操作人员水平等因素限制,使得很多采集到的数据出现异常。为提高数据采集质量,避免出现异常数据,通过TGP地震预报技术在铁路隧道工程中的应用实践,从触发与装药、电压(流)干扰、耦合不良、隧道管波、岩性变化5方面分析总结异常数据出现的原因,并提出相应的处理措施:1)提高装药质量;2)远离高压电缆及设备;3)保证成孔质量;4)做好注水和堵孔;5)重视基础地质工作。通过采取以上措施,达到准确预报前方地质情况的目的。     

带阻尼板结构的圆筒型平台波浪载荷预报分析

运用三维势流理论和Morison公式相结合的数值计算方法分析筒型平台的运动响应和波浪载荷特点,采用Morison公式计算平台舭部阻尼板结构的波浪力;对于大尺度结构,波浪载荷采用线性绕射理论进行计算,分析表明,该圆筒型海洋平台的波浪力和运动响应计算结果可直接用于结构设计.     

试验研究作用于准椭圆沉箱群墩上的不规则波波浪力（英文）

An experimental investigation of irregular wave forces on quasi-ellipse caisson structures is presented. Irregular waves were generated based on the Jonswap spectrum with two significant wave heights, and the spectrum peak periods range from 1.19 s to 1.81 s. Incident wave directions relative to the centre line of the multiple caissons are from 0° to 22.5°. The spacing between caissons ranges from 2 to 3 times that of the width of the caisson. The effects of these parameters on the wave forces of both the perforated and non-perforated caissons were compared and analyzed. It was found that the perforated caisson can reduce wave forces, especially in the transverse direction. Furthermore, the relative interval and incident wave direction have significant effects on the wave forces in the case of multiple caissons.     

Wave Scattering by Porous Bottom Undulation in a Two Layered Channel

The scattering of plane surface waves by bottom undulations in channel flow consisting of two layers is investigated by assuming that the bed of the channel is composed of porous material. The upper surface of the fluid is bounded by a rigid lid and the channel is unbounded in the horizontal directions. There exists only one wave mode corresponding to an internal wave. For small undulations, a simplified perturbation analysis is used to obtain first order reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function describing the bottom. For sinusoidal bottom undulations and exponentially decaying bottom topography, the first order coefficients are computed. In the case of sinusoidal bottom the first order transmission coefficient is found to vanish identically. The numerical results are depicted graphically in a number of figures.     

片体位置及航速效应对三体船波浪载荷的影响

基于三维时域Rankine源法计算不同航速下三体船的总纵垂向弯矩、垂向剪力和总纵扭矩以及连接桥上的横向弯矩、垂向剪力和横向扭矩。基于北大西洋海况的长期预报结果,研究片体纵向位置以及航速效应对三体船波浪载荷沿船长、随浪向的分布规律以及对载荷大小的影响,得出基于波浪载荷的片体优化分析和航速建议,可以为三体船的载荷直接计算和结构强度分析提供参考。研究发现,片体位置对纵向扭矩以及连接桥弯扭载荷的分布和大小影响很大,片体位于距船尾约35%~40%L比较有利;船舶在中高航速(0.25≤Fn0.4)下的波浪载荷比较小。此外,改善片体重量分布有利于减小连接桥载荷。     

多阶底部上的垂直可渗透结构斜海洋波的阻尼研究(英文)

Oblique ocean wave damping by a vertical porous structure placed on a multi-step bottom topography is studied with the help of linear water wave theory. Some portion of the oblique wave, incident on the porous structure, gets reflected by the multi-step bottom and the porous structure, and the rest propagates into the water medium following the porous structure. Two cases are considered: first a solid vertical wall placed at a finite distance from the porous structure in the water medium following the porous structure and then a special case of an unbounded water medium following the porous structure. In both cases, boundary value problems are set up in three different media, the first medium being water, the second medium being the porous structure consisting of p vertical regions-one above each step and the third medium being water again. By using the matching conditions along the virtualvertical boundaries, a system of linear equations is deduced. The behavior of the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave due to different relevant parameters are studied. Energy loss due to the propagation of oblique water wave through the porous structure is also carried out. The effects of various parameters, such as number of evanescent modes, porosity, friction factor, structure width, number of steps and angle of incidence, on the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted wave are studied graphically for both cases. Number of evanescent modes merely affects the scattering phenomenon. But higher values of porosity show relatively lower reflection than that for lower porosity. Oscillation in the reflection coefficient is observed for lower values of friction factor but it disappears with an increase in the value of friction factor. Amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave is independent of the porosity of the structure. But lower value of friction factor causes higher transmission. The investigation is then carried out for the second case, i.e., when the wall is absent. The significant difference between the two cases considered here is that the reflection due to a thin porous structure is very high when the solid wall exists as compared to the case when no wall is present. Energy loss due to different porosity, friction factor, structure width and angle of incidence is also examined. Validity of our model is ascertained by matching it with an available one.