曲线运动潜体近水面兴波时域研究

本文利用快速多极子面元法的高效性与精确性,对近水面潜体在水平面曲线运动过程中的时域兴波势流问题展开研究。首先确定了自由面网格密度及时域更新方法以保证数值模拟的准确性,探索了椭球潜体在水下做直线运动与曲线运动时阻力系数与升力系数变化的区别,明确了曲线运动过程中各项系数的变化规律,并针对不同的偏航角度的兴波特性进行比较,研究偏航角度大小对于潜体兴波阻力、升力以及表面兴波波形的影响。研究结果表明,当偏航角较大时,表面兴波对曲线运动潜体所受阻力和升力影响均非常显著;随着偏航角度的变大,各波系间的相互作用更加明显,表面波形更为复杂,导致了兴波阻力激增,阻力及升力曲线均出现大幅波动且不对称性。     

双体甲板运输船波浪载荷

以某双体甲板运输船为例,使用DNV船级社的SESAM软件对其波浪载荷进行直接计算分析,并对比分析了采用“规范方法”与“直接计算方法”得到的波浪载荷值。结果表明,该双体甲板运输船属于低速排水型船,其波浪载荷的计算方法与高速双体船差别较大,“规范方法”主要适用于高速双体船及尺度较小的低速双体船。对于船长为60m及以上的低速双体船,采用“直接计算方法”更能准确地计算出其波浪载荷。     

Impact of stop-and-go waves and lane changes on discharge rate in recovery flow

In an effort to uncover traffic conditions that trigger discharge rate reductions near active bottlenecks, this paper analyzed individual vehicle trajectories at a microscopic level and documented the findings. Based on an investigation of traffic flow involving diverse traffic situations, a driver’s tendency to take a significant headway after passing stop-and-go waves was identified as one of the influencing factors for discharge rate reduction. Conversely, the pattern of lane changers caused a transient increase in the discharge rate until the situation was relaxed after completing the lane-changing event. Although we observed a high flow from the incoming lane changers, the events ultimately caused adverse impacts on the traffic such that the disturbances generated stop-and-go waves. Based on this observation, we regard upstream lane changes and stop-and-go waves as the responsible factors for the decreased capacity at downstream of active bottlenecks. This empirical investigation also supports the resignation effect, the regressive effect, and the asymmetric behavioral models in differentiating acceleration and deceleration behaviors.     

三维数值水池的水波衰减特性分析

为了研究数值水池的波浪衰减特性，本文以N-S方程为控制方程，基于有限体积（Volume of Finite，VOF）法和湍流模型RNG k-ε，通过在流场入口处添加速度的方式，模拟了波浪的生成与传播过程；并且在水池末端添加动量源项实现了波浪的消除。在建立数值水池的基础上，对数值波浪水池的模拟精度和波浪衰减的相关问题进行了分析，得出了波浪沿程衰减的规律曲线及最优的数值仿真设置方案。     

Ultimate load analysis of a 10 MW offshore monopile wind turbine incorporating fully nonlinear irregular wave kinematics

Loads from storm waves can in some cases be dimensioning for offshore wind turbine substructures. Accurate determination of nonlinear wave loads is therefore important for a safe, yet economic design. In this paper, the fully nonlinear waves, realized by a fully nonlinear potential wave solver OceanWave3D, are incorporated into coupled aero-servo-hydro-elastic simulations for a reduced set of wave-sensitive design load cases, in comparison with the widely used linear and constrained waves. The coupled aero-elastic simulations are performed for the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine on a large monopile at 33 m water depth using the aero-elastic code HAWC2. Effect of the wave nonlinearity is investigated in terms of the ultimate sectional moments at tower bottom and monopile mudline. Higher ultimate moments, 5% at tower bottom and 13% at monopile mudline as maximum, are predicated when the nonlinear waves are used. It could be explained by the fact that the extreme nonlinear waves, that are close to the breaking limit, can induce resonant ringing-type responses, and hereby dominate the ultimate load responses. However, the constrained wave approach shows marginal difference compared to the standard linear wave approach. It can be concluded at least for the present configuration that the industry standard approaches (linear and constrained wave approach) underestimate the ultimate load responses on offshore wind turbines in severe sea states.     

An experimental study on the dynamic response of a hull girder subjected to near field underwater explosion

An experiment of hull girder model subjected to near field underwater explosion at midship is implemented. High-speed photography is applied to achieve the time history of hog displacement of the hull girder model subjected to shock wave of undex. The determination method of hog distortion using these show-motion pictures is presented. The experiment also achieves the local plate distortion of the hull girder model. Based on these works, the damage mechanism and mode of hull girder subjected to near field undex at midship are discovered. Finally, the coupling effect between whole motion of hull girder and distortion of local structure is discussed.     

预报船舶在波浪中航行时相对运动的一个实用模型

本文讨论了绕射波引起的船舶与自由面之间的相对运动分量。在用三维理论计算绕射效应时，自由面上仍用零航速时的条件，只是把其中的自然频率改成遭遇频率，更重要的是考虑了由此引起的船舶水线附近的流场奇异特性．数值结果表明，本文的模型计算结果稳定性与实验结果吻合很好．另外，由于模型中航速影响计及在遭遇频率中，因而本文模型对较高航速也是适用的．     

黄骅港海域风浪场推算及波浪破碎位置分析

以黄骅港近岸气象资料为依据,预测该区大风天外海风浪要素,再经浅水传播变形推算黄骅港海区风浪场,判定破碎波多发位置,结果证明方法可靠。     

基于二次曲线修正的光纤光栅Bragg波长解调算法

光纤光栅反射波长即光纤光栅Bragg波长的解调技术是光纤Bragg光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating,FBG)实用化的关键技术。针对基于可调谐法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot,F-P)滤波器的光纤光栅解调系统,在直线插值法的基础上,提出了二次曲线修正的光纤光栅Bragg波长解调算法,并做了实验研究,达到了提高光纤光栅Bragg波长解调精度的目的。     

张力腿平台拉索的疲劳损伤

目前在分析张力腿平台(TLP)疲劳损伤时,通常限定平台只发生小位移,未考虑不利工况下平台发生有限位移的情况.在分析模型中考虑有限大位移后,会引入多种非线性因素,也会使TLP的动力响应明显不同于小位移情况,因此研究TLP有限位移下非线性波浪载荷引起的疲劳损伤十分重要.首先求得随机海浪作用下TLP拉索应力的时间历程曲线,并采用雨流法对其进行计数得到疲劳载荷谱;然后依据Miner累积损伤模型,求得TLP拉索在不利工况下的疲劳损伤;最后对ISSCTLP平台拉索在某海况下进行了疲劳损伤短期计算,并说明TLP拉索疲劳可靠度的计算方法.