高速铁路840 m全封闭声屏障气压荷载数值模拟研究

采用我国干线铁路开行的复兴号动车组,基于计算流体力学软件Fluent,对高速列车以350 km·h^-1速度通过840 m全封闭声屏障及1/2跨和1/4跨会车工况下声屏障的气压荷载分布规律进行数值模拟。结果表明:会车工况下的压力极值均大于单车工况下,且变化规律更为复杂,声屏障中间位置即1/2跨会车时的压力极值达到最大值,最大正压和负压分别为2 672和4 619 Pa,分别为单车工况下的2.05倍和1.87倍;同一截面各测点的气压荷载波动规律相似,但压力极值存在明显差异;单车工况下,声屏障同一截面上不同测点处的极值压差达到0.6 kPa,体现了压力波传递的三维效应。通过数值模拟获得的全封闭声屏障压力极值和气压荷载分布规律,为声屏障结构设计提供理论依据。     

Traffic state estimation and uncertainty quantification based on heterogeneous data sources: A three detector approach

This study focuses on how to use multiple data sources, including loop detector counts, AVI Bluetooth travel time readings and GPS location samples, to estimate macroscopic traffic states on a homogeneous freeway segment. With a generalized least square estimation framework, this research constructs a number of linear equations that map the traffic measurements as functions of cumulative vehicle counts on both ends of a traffic segment. We extend Newell’s method to solve a stochastic three-detector problem, where the mean and variance estimates of cell-based density and flow can be analytically derived through a multinomial probit model and an innovative use of Clark’s approximation method. An information measure is further introduced to quantify the value of heterogeneous traffic measurements for improving traffic state estimation on a freeway segment.     

基于Vega的虚拟海洋视景仿真研究

虚拟海洋视景仿真系统足虚拟现实技术在军事领域中的应用.由于海浪运动的随机性,虚拟海洋的计算机生成成为视景仿真领域的研究难点.文中详细讨论了两种海浪模型,重点研究Vega中海浪原理和海洋模块的计算机实现,基于Vega软件生成海浪.从效果图中可以看出,模拟的海浪效果比较好,能够满足实际应用的需求.     

基于CATIA的斜齿圆柱齿轮参数化设计

为了减少在圆柱齿轮计算机辅助设计过程中,参数化设计、有限元分析和运动仿真的跨平台数据传递,基于CATIAV5以参数绘制齿廓渐开线,通过多截面曲面绘制出齿型曲面并运用曲面缝合功能实现齿型闭合,实现斜齿轮的精确建模。利用CAE和运动仿真模块并结合斜齿轮传动原理和齿面受力,对斜齿轮齿进行有限元分析和啮合状态运动仿真,检验设计结果符合要求,从而为设计和精密制造以及工程失效分析提供精确的数据参考。     

复杂地质及施工环境下沉PHC桩的质量控制

针对φ800PHC桩在复杂地质和施工环境下的大批量运用,总结其施工的工艺、沉桩质量控制和检测情况。     

有源滤波器改进控制方法的仿真研究

有源滤波器通常采用常规的三角载波调制PWM控制方法，具有开关频率固定、输出波形谐波分量较少的优点，但响应速度比较慢、精度低。通过增加输入电压补偿来改进三角载波调制的PWM控制方法，可以提高有源滤波器的补偿精度和实时性，减少开关损耗。MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了改进方案的可行性。     

不同方法对南黄海重现波高计算值的影响

采用SWAN波浪模型对江苏南黄海地区1979~2018年共40 a的波况进行模拟及验证,将模拟结果与实测资料进行比对,吻合良好。百年重现波高分布通过基于年极值和月极值的广义极值分布函数(GEV)和超阈值取值方法(POT)的广义帕累托分布模型(GP)计算得出。计算结果表明,不同方法的计算结果在辐射沙洲北部地区差别最大,采用月极值所得重现波高偏小,采用年极值计算的重现波高在辐射沙洲南北外围地区最大,其余地区则以POT方法为大值。在分别采用不同数据长度计算重现波高的试验中得出,取月极值的GEV分布计算结果对时间跨度的改变不敏感,而取年极值受之影响最大,POT方法介于两者之间。     

Simplified analysis for estimation of the behavior of a submerged floating tunnel in waves and experimental verification

To achieve rational design in waves for a submerged floating tunnel which has emerged as a new offshore transportation infrastructure, it's necessary to understand its hydrodynamic behavior. For simple but accurate estimation of hydrodynamic forces, a theoretical method is proposed and the tests with physical models in a wave flume were carried out for verification. Morison's equation was used to estimate wave loads composed of inertia force and drag force. Forces calculated by applying the linear wave theory to Morison's equation coincided well with those measured by the tests. The test results showed that mooring systems played a significant role in the movement of the submerged floating tunnel in waves. A pendulum model could be used to describe the motion of the submerged floating tunnel with a single vertical mooring. Based on the verified relations, a simple slack condition which causes the submerged floating tunnel to be unstable was also proposed. The simplified approach proposed by this study proved to be useful in designing the submerged floating tunnel in the initial stage.     

新型防爆地震仪在瓦斯隧道超前地质预报中的应用

为提高瓦斯隧道地震波反射法超前地质预报现场作业的安全性及可操作性，介绍一种新型防爆地震仪的主机结构、主板设计、本安电源及远程控制等核心技术，同时介绍检波器气囊耦合技术；最后采用36道防爆地震仪和高精度三分量地震检波器气囊耦合装置，在重庆渝北至四川广安高速公路华蓥山隧道进口右线K24+314掌子面处进行超前探测试验，其采集的地震记录质量高，气囊耦合方式现场操作方便快捷。经过与传统的国外TSP仪器及钢管锚固剂耦合方式对比分析，充分说明采用国内的矿用防爆地震仪及其配套研制的检波器气囊耦合装置完全适用于各类瓦斯隧道地震波反射法超前地质预报工作，且能使地震波反射法实现本质安全。     

峡谷地形隔震效应及减灾选线对策

在困难山区,峡谷是铁路、公路常利用的交通廊道,但峡谷往往也是震害集中的地段,目前有关峡谷地形对地震波传播特性的影响研究甚少。基于波动理论,分析得出峡谷切割深度越深,对Rayleigh波高频成分的屏蔽频率范围越广;峡谷越陡,对散射波的强度削减效应越显著;从而地震波的强度在峡谷两侧具有显著的差异,即在地震波入射一侧的振动强度大于另一侧。上述结论得到了芦山地震震害现象以及苏克拉峡谷地震记录仪观测资料的检验,可为减灾选线设计提供理论依据。