汽车橡胶制品的发展和国内市场分析

汽车橡胶制品一般是指除轮胎以外的各种橡胶制品。主要包括各种胶管、传动带（V带、同步带）、密封制品（油封、密封条、垫圈等）、减振橡胶及安全制品等多种橡胶产品。随着人们对汽车的安全性、动力性、舒适性的日益重视,橡胶制品也凸显出其重要性。中国汽车工业的快速发展给橡胶制品行业带来了广阔的市场前景和机遇。文章介绍了汽车橡胶制品的品种和发展动向,分析了国内市场的现状,提出了发展建议。     

Roads in transition: Integrated modeling of a manufacturer-traveler-infrastructure system in a mixed autonomous/human driving environment

This paper develops an integrated model to characterize the market penetration of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in urban transportation networks. The model explicitly accounts for the interplay among the AV manufacturer, travelers with heterogeneous values of travel time (VOTT), and road infrastructure capacity. By making in-vehicle time use more leisurely or productive, AVs reduce travelers’ VOTT. In addition, AVs can move closer together than human-driven vehicles because of shorter safe reaction time, which leads to increased road capacity. On the other hand, the use of AV technologies means added manufacturing cost and higher price. Thus, traveler adoption of AVs will trade VOTT savings with additional out-of-pocket cost. The model is structured as a leader (AV manufacturer)-follower (traveler) game. Given the cost of producing AVs, the AV manufacturer sets AV price to maximize profit while anticipating AV market penetration. Given an AV price, the vehicle and routing choice of heterogeneous travelers are modeled by combining a multinomial logit model with multi-modal multi-class user equilibrium (UE). The overall problem is formulated as a mathematical program with complementarity constraints (MPCC), which is challenging to solve. We propose a solution approach based on piecewise linearization of the MPCC as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) and solving the MILP to global optimality. Non-uniform distribution of breakpoints that delimit piecewise intervals and feasibility-based domain reduction are further employed to reduce the approximation error brought by linearization. The model is implemented in a simplified Singapore network with extensive sensitivity analyses and the Sioux Falls network. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the solution approach and yield valuable insights about transportation system performance in a mixed autonomous/human driving environment.     

Transport and society1

In 1963, the Buchanan Report in the UK advocated a combination of new road capacity, improved public transport and traffic restraint as a means to tackle congestion. Forty years on, and the advice from many transport experts remains the same. However, the scale and complexity of the problems associated with a mobility‐dependent society have grown. The need for politicians to make tough but realistic policy decisions on transport is now becoming unavoidable. They must confront the realities of living with the car as must the general public. Policymakers now also have social well‐being and sustainable development moving higher on their agendas alongside transport. Against such a backdrop, the paper makes the case for transport research, policy and practice to acknowledge more fully the inherent links between transport and society. It argues that greater recognition and understanding of such links is crucial to confronting the present realities. Transport does not merely serve society: it shapes society, as in turn society shapes transport. The future of each is dependent on the other, and this fact must be recognized. The paper advocates in turn that the transport profession must move from its heartlands in engineering and economics also to embrace more fully such disciplines as sociology and psychology. A factual picture of the many facets of present‐day society is presented and the implications for travel demand are discussed. Through considering phenomena such as social norms and habitual behaviour, it is then argued that the travel choices and behaviour of individuals are not simply a matter of economic optimization. This points to the need for decision‐makers to be furnished with better evidence about the transport problems faced and the potential efficacy of measures that might be taken. Discussion of public attitudes and the role of the media are included in the context of assessing how politicians can be encouraged and supported in their implementation of realistic but unpopular policies. Evidence and experience within the paper are UK based, although many of the issues and arguments apply world wide.     

杭州市交通状况及车联网市场前景的调研与分析

作为物联网在交通领域的应用,车联网可有效缓解当前的城市交通问题.为更好地把握车联网的市场前景,2012年底在杭州市开展了一次大规模随机抽样调查活动,在汽车4S店、二手车市场、高校、政府机关和企业内随机发放问卷共800份.根据对问卷结果的统计分析,绝大部分驾驶员对杭城交通状况十分不满意,造成交通问题的主因是车辆增长过快,大多数驾驶员对车联网应用及相关产品十分感兴趣,并愿意为之支付一定费用.由此可以推断车联网市场前景非常广阔.     

港口竞争的市场结构与竞争行为分析

目前，港口竞争研究已成为一个热点问题。为此，本文首先对港口竞争的范围作了界定，在此基础上，剖析了两种不同类型的港口竞争的市场结构，最后对不同市场结构下的港口竞争行为进行了分析。     

离子化检测技术在军用毒剂监测中的应用

简要介绍离子化检测技术的发展过程和装备情况,重点介绍了代表当前离子化技术水平的闭合漂移管IMS技术原理、特点和发展趋势。     

中国修船业的发展分析

世界修船中心逐渐东移,中国修船市场占全球修船市场的份额在逐步加大。然而,中国修船企业管理水平较差,船舶改装工程项目业务水平不高,制约和妨碍了中国修船业的发展。通过对修船业未来发展趋势和中国修船企业现状的分析,对中国修船企业的发展提出建议。     

邓小平创新市场经济理论的方法论特征探析

邓小平对市场经济理论的创新有三个主要标志,即论证了社会主义和市场经济可以兼容,为中国的经济改革取向提供了理论前提；阐释了社会主义市场经济的开放性特征,为中国融入世界经济开辟了理论通道；提出了法制建设是发展社会主义市场经济的重要保障。邓小平创新市场经济理论的方法论特征表现为：彻底的唯物主义世界观；准确把握事物普遍联系和永恒发展的原理；高超地运用了辩证唯物主义的认识论及辨证运动原理。