短时交通流预测方法研究进展

实时准确高效的交通流预测是实现交通流诱导和交通控制的关键技术之一,近年来它在智能运输领域受到广泛关注。本文首先介绍了短时交通流的属性和预测要求,接着将现有预测方法分成4类：基于线性理论的方法、基于非线性理论的方法、基于混合理论的方法和基于交通流理论的方法,并且总结评述了现有各种预测模型的优缺点,之后探讨了当今短时交通流预测领域的研究热点,最后指出了其未来研究方向．     

混凝土结构加固的主要方法与亟待解决的问题

总结了混凝土结构加固的原因、方法,对主要方法的优缺点进行了阐述,提出了目前混凝土结构加固亟待解决的问题。     

基于几种浮置板轨道施工工法的对比研究

针对在浮置板轨道结构的施工过程中合理有效地选择施工工法这一难题,重点介绍并对比分析散铺法、预制钢筋笼法、全预制短板浮置板施工和半预制短板浮置板施工这4种浮置板轨道结构的施工工法,通过分析对比得出,半预制短板浮置板施工方法较其他施工工艺简单,适应能力强,施工周期短,施工成本低,特别适合浮置板轨道快速施工。     

多年冻土地区钻孔灌注抗拔桩静载试验分析

结合青藏铁路清水河多年冻土地区抗拔基桩的竖向静载现场试验,对桩周冻土冻结强度、基桩竖向抗拔极限承载力等进行了深入的研究,并将直孔桩、扩底桩两种不同桩基础的荷载试验结果进行了分析比较,为青藏铁路桩基础设计提供了科学依据.     

新能源汽车维护课程教学方法的初步研究

智能化、信息化、低碳化逐渐成为汽车行业公认的最优方案,到2035年我国要基本建成交通强国.我国的汽车市场具有巨大的潜在空间,在节能与新能源汽车领域人才需求将达到85万,缺口尚有68万.通过劳动技术教育、工匠精神渗透,采用"五适应一实现"的教学模式,实现线上、线下,理论、实训一体的教学方式,完成"教-学-做-评"一体化教...     

膨胀土的强度特性探讨

文章分析膨胀土抗剪强度影响的主要因素、强度理论和强度指标的取值方法,提出在目前基质吸力测定具有较高难度的情况下,间接测定基质吸力的方法将具有使用和推广价值。     

A discrete dynamical system of formulating traffic assignment: Revisiting Smith’s model

Through relaxing the behavior assumption adopted in Smith’s model (Smith, 1984), we propose a discrete dynamical system to formulate the day-to-day evolution process of traffic flows from a non-equilibrium state to an equilibrium state. Depending on certain preconditions, the equilibrium state can be equivalent to a Wardrop user equilibrium (UE), Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE), or boundedly rational user equilibrium (BRUE). These equivalence properties indicate that, to make day-to-day flows evolve to equilibrium flows, it is not necessary for travelers to choose their routes based on actual travel costs of the previous day. Day-to-day flows can still evolve to equilibrium flows provided that travelers choose their routes based on estimated travel costs which satisfy these preconditions. We also show that, under a more general assumption than the monotonicity of route cost function, the trajectory of the dynamical system converges to a set of equilibrium flows by reasonably setting these parameters in the dynamical system. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the application and properties of the dynamical system. The study is helpful for understanding various processes of forming traffic jam and designing an algorithm for calculating equilibrium flows.     

A review of EVs charging: From the perspective of energy optimization,optimization approaches,and charging techniques

Introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) or plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in the road transportation can significantly reduce the carbon emission. Hence, the demand of EVs is likely to increase in the near future. Large penetration of EVs will also ultimately result into high loads on the existing power grids. The controlled charging of EVs can have a significant impact on the power grid load, voltage, frequency, and power losses. In this paper, we have provided a comprehensive review of various energy optimization approaches used for EVs charging. Energy optimization approaches used for EVs not only enhance the battery life but also contribute in regulating the voltage and frequency. During EVs charging, various objective functions such as supporting the renewable energy sources, minimization of the peak load, energy cost, and maximization of the aggregator profit have also been studied from optimization perspectives. The controlled and an optimized EVs charging enhances the performance of EVs batteries and conserves the energy in the system by minimizing the load and power losses. The different EVs charging approaches such as centralized and distributed suited for different objective functions have also been studied and compared with respect to various optimization approaches.     

A bi-level model for single-line rail timetable design with consideration of demand and capacity

This paper proposes a bi-level model to solve the timetable design problem for an urban rail line. The upper level model aims at determining the headways between trains to minimize total passenger cost, which includes not only the usual perceived travel time cost, but also penalties during travel. With the headways given by the upper level model, passengers’ arrival times at their origin stops are determined by the lower level model, in which the cost-minimizing behavior of each passenger is taken into account. To make the model more realistic, explicit capacity constraints of individual trains are considered. With these constraints, passengers cannot board a full train, but wait in queues for the next coming train. A two-stage genetic algorithm incorporating the method of successive averages is introduced to solve the bi-level model. Two hypothetical examples and a real world case are employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed bi-level model and algorithm. Results show that the bi-level model performs well in reducing total passenger cost, especially in reducing waiting time cost and penalties. And the section loading-rates of trains in the optimized timetable are more balanced than the even-headway timetable. The sensitivity analyses show that passenger’s desired arrival time interval at destination and crowding penalty factor have a high influence on the optimal solution. And with the dispersing of passengers' desired arrival time intervals or the increase of crowding penalty factor, the section loading-rates of trains become more balanced.     

有色合金炉料配料计算的CAD方法

从生产实际出发，提出了有色合金炉料配料计算的新方法，导出了计算公式并开发了相应的软件．