轴心受压钢构件板件宽厚比限值的分析

随着单层钢结构厂房在铁路生产房屋中的广泛应用,多数钢结构厂房柱应力水平低的现象越来越突出,造成单层钢结构厂房结构设计的经济性较差。其原因是现行《钢结构设计规范》(GB50017—2005)中受压钢构件板件的宽厚比限值与其应力水平无关,按此设计的厂房柱截面多偏大而过于保守。对轴心受压钢构件板件宽厚比限值的推导过程加以重新审视,引入应力相关折减系数,按照修正的等稳定性原则,统一分析轴心受压构件的板件宽厚比限值,并通过数据拟合,提出更加合理实用的限值公式。新的限值公式与板件的应力水平相关,与理论计算结果吻合较好。     

高速铁路矮塔斜拉桥墩塔梁固结段局部应力分析与验证

局部分析是桥梁设计中常采用的重要手段,也是设计中不可或缺的重要环节,利用实体有限元模型能反应出结构细部的受力状况,对考察结构重要部位的真实应力状态、结构设计配筋有着指导性作用。为了解高速铁路矮塔斜拉桥墩塔梁固结段的真实应力状态及验证局部分析中边界条件表达的准确性,以京沈客运专线(115+95)m双线无砟轨道预应力混凝土矮塔斜拉桥为工程背景,利用Ansys有限元建立细化的空间实体有限元模型,并对局部模型的边界条件模拟的正确性进行验证,分析表明,墩塔梁固结段进人洞角点处应力集中,应适当加强配筋,其余部位应力均满足要求,通过验证局部模型的内力传递及支反力,确保实体模型应力结果的准确性,保证结构安全。最后总结出了铁路桥梁中不失一般性的局部分析方法,从而对其他结构局部分析具有借鉴意义。     

Effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames of bulk carriers (2nd Report)—Lateral-distortional buckling and local face buckling

Pitting corrosion is typical corrosion observed on coated hold frames of bulk carriers which exclusively carry coal and iron ore. In order to secure the safety of these types of bulk carriers, it is important to understand the effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames.

In order to investigate this effect, a series of 4- and 3-point bend tests on structural models which consist of web, shell and face plates has been carried out. Artificial pitting was created on the web plate to simulate pitting. In the 4-point bend tests, two equal concentrated loads have been applied vertically at the one-third points of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, lateral-distortional buckling occurred before reaching the ultimate strength and local buckling of the face plate was observed after reaching the ultimate strength. The effect of web plate pitting on the lateral-distortional buckling strength was found to be small but the ultimate strength decreases with increase in the degree of pitting intensity. In the 3-point bend tests, concentrated load has been applied vertically at the center of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, local face buckling occurred just after reaching the ultimate strength. The ultimate strength is found to be decreasing with increase in the degree of pitting intensity.

A series of non-linear FE analyses has been performed to simulate the deformation behavior observed in the tests. It has been revealed that even in the case of randomly distributed pitting corrosion the ultimate strength of the structural models was almost the same as that of the structural models with uniform corrosion corresponding to the average thickness loss.     

浅谈铁路应急通信系统的接入技术

介绍了用于我国铁路应急通信系统的各种接入技术，并对各种接入技术的使用条件提出了一些建议。     

新时期校园网的无线升级与应用探索

在教育信息化浪潮的推动下,校园网广泛播种、飞速建设,但信息技术的发展和更新却远远超出我们所能预见,它使得传统有线校园网络的建设和应用的片面性逐渐呈现。新时期,如何对校园网进行升级、拓展及深层次应用成为当前校园网建设和改造要考虑的重要问题。     

城市综合交通枢纽静态标识布设研究

城市综合交通枢纽通过多种出行方式的整合,缩减了乘客的换乘时间;但庞大的枢纽建筑,增加了乘客寻找＂目的地＂的难度。通过对静态标识相关的现行国家标准和地方标准分析,提出静态标识的布设目标,梳理布设流程,制定布设的总体原则和各类静态标识布设原则。研究的结果将为相关的标准研究和设计工作提供帮助和支持。     

客运专线无砟轨道大跨度预应力混凝土T构墩梁固结处局部应力分析

大跨度预应力混凝土T构墩梁结合区域结构构造、预应力钢束布置和应力分布都比较复杂,是T构桥的关键部位。结合某客运专线70 m跨度的预应力混凝土T构的设计方案,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对墩梁固结部位进行精细的有限元局部应力分析,得到施工阶段及运营阶段墩梁固结区的应力分布规律,以便指导工程的设计和施工。结果表明,该结构预应力配束合理,施工阶段及运营阶段应力均满足设计规范要求。     

‘Regulated deregulation’ of local bus services—An appraisal of international developments

The deregulation of the British bus sector (outside London) in 1986 was the start of a debate on the merits of ‘deregulation’ and ‘competitive tendering’. The period that followed was rich in lessons. New Zealand was at the time the only other country engaging in a reform based upon market initiative (implemented in 1991). Other countries chose for a less extreme and more consensual way to introduce competitive incentives, choosing the fundamentally different competitive tendering (CT) path. As a result, the so-called ‘Scandinavian model’ developed, based upon the London example of route tendering. Later the Netherlands adopted a network tendering approach, resembling the French practice of network tendering though with more operator freedom.     

Workshop 3B: Governance,ownership and competition issues in deregulated (free market) public transport: Lessons that can be learnt from developed and developing economies

The past emphasis in this conference series has been on the best ways to deregulate regulated public transport markets. This workshop reverses this process by examining the best ways to regulate deregulated public transport markets. A hierarchy of regulatory needs is identified and three hybrid models examined, based loosely on experience from Great Britain, New Zealand and Sweden. It is argued that deregulated public transport markets are a global phenomenon but regulatory measures should reflect local requirements. The resultant process of glocalisation might result in regulatory measures that focus on the rules of law and their enforcement in emerging public transport markets (such as urban transport in Sub Saharan Africa and for the soon to be competitive inter urban market in Germany) but that focus on guidance for network integration and incentivisation for welfare maximisation in more mature public transport markets (as in Great Britain, New Zealand and Sweden).     

基于货运车辆预警数据的高速公路危险驾驶热点路段识别

本文以货运车辆车联网数据中的车辆碰撞预警、疲劳预警和超速预警数据为研究对象,针对G4高速公路北京和河北境内道路上的三种预警热点路段进行识别。运用全局空间自相关性分析方法得出三种预警数据在道路空间中不是随机分布,而是集中在某一个或几个路段上;进一步采用局部空间相关性分析方法识别出三种不同预警类型下对应的热点路段。交通管理部门可根据识别出的预警热点路段提出针对性的管控措施,有助于缓解交通事故的发生,提高货运安全水平。