黄骅港外航道骤淤量重现值的区间估计*

黄骅港外航道经常遭受大风骤淤的影响,对骤淤量重现值的研究有助于泥沙淤积整治标准的确定。重现值的点估计往往因方法的不同而产生较大差异。区间估计方法可以给出一定置信水平下设计重现值的参考区间,从而为设计和施工人员提供相应的指导。基于黄骅港年最大骤淤量的预测值序列,分别采用对数正态分布和最大熵分布函数对其进行拟合,并利用极大似然法对骤淤量重现值进行区间估计。骤淤量重现值的置信区间长度随重现期的增加而增大,最大熵分布计算结果精度较高,可为泥沙淤积的整治提供参考。     

Towards the Incorporation of Environmental Impacts into Pavement Management Systems

Environmental nuisances (such as greenhouse gases and noise) may be generated during the use phase of the pavement life cycle, with these known to significantly affect the environment. However, no attempt has yet been made to gather information concerning the processes involved in the generation of environmental impacts, and to evaluate them. To address this issue, this paper reviews the knowledge base and relevant methods relating to environmental impact assessment and pavement management. It then presents a conceptual model, integrating impact pathway approach and life cycle cost analysis principles and providing a comprehensive framework for quantification and incorporation of environmental impacts into pavement management. This study shows that pavement management influences environmental impacts occurring during the use phase of the pavement life cycle. It establishes causal links between pavement management and nuisance generation, between nuisances and their impact on receptors, and finally between these impacts and their costs. This study also suggests that incorporating environmental impacts into pavement management systems is feasible and describes how existing and future methodologies and tools may be integrated to support this incorporation. Finally, this study underlines that the inaccuracy of current knowledge and data limits the scope of this conceptual model to network-level decisions.     

Queue discharge patterns at signalized intersections with green signal countdown device and long cycle length

Two apparent features that prevail at signalized intersections in China are green signal countdown device and long cycle lengths. The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of green signal countdown device and long cycle length on queue discharge patterns and to discuss its implications on capacity estimation in the context of China's traffic. At five typical large intersections in Shanghai and Tianjin, 11 through lanes were observed, and 9251 saturation headways were obtained as valid samples. Statistical analyses indicate that the discharge process of queuing vehicles can be divided into three distinct stages according to the discharge flow rate: a start‐up stage, a steady stage, and a rush stage. The average time for queuing vehicles to reach a stationary saturation flow rate, that is, the start‐up stage, was found to be approximately 20–30 seconds; the rush stage usually occurs during the phase transition period. The finding is contrary to the conventional assumption that the discharge rate reaches a maximum value after the fourth vehicle is discharged and then remains constant during the green time until the queue is completely dissolved. The capacity estimation errors that might arise from the conventional methods are discussed through a comparative study and a sensitivity analysis that are based on the identified queue discharge patterns. In addition, a piecewise linear regression method was proposed in order to reduce such errors. The proposed method can be used for capacity estimation at signalized intersections with the identified queue discharge patterns. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于空间自由设站连续传递法的地铁隧道控制测量新方法

针对目前地铁隧道地下导线网布设形式易受旁折光影响、控制点使用困难和横向贯通误差大等问题,提出一种基于空间自由设站连续传递法的地铁隧道控制测量新方法,将稳健抗差估计理论和方差分量估计理论综合用于设站点三维坐标复合迭代高精度定权,结合IGGIII权函数推导地铁隧道Helmert空间自由设站间接平差数学模型及其线性化误差方程的严密公式。地面1︰1模拟试验表明:所提方法的数学模型可以合理确定三类观测值的权比,同时能够抵抗导线点受施工环境影响所含的数据粗差对解算结果的影响;与全导线网、交叉导线网、棱形导线网对比,新方法横向贯通精度高、网形强度强,是一种更为有效实用的地铁隧道洞内控制测量方法,已在西安地铁6号线丈八四路站至丈八一路站区间隧道工程中推广应用。     

遗传算法在估计瞬时单位线参数中的应用

以m atlab为平台,应用遗传算法和m atlab工具箱中的统计函数,通过求解还原洪水过程与实测洪水过程之差绝对值的加权之和最小化问题来优化估计瞬时单位线的参数,避免了用近似公式法求解带来的方法误差.实例研究表明该方法是有效的,其精度明显高于矩法,也较近似公式法高.     

Background Extraction Method Based on Block Histogram Analysis for Video Image

Introduction Withtherapiddevelopmentofvideosurveillance systemwhichisbasedoncomputervisionandimage processing,ithasbeenwidelyusedinsuchareasas shoppingcenters,airports,commercialbuildings,and congestedroads.Inmanycases,thepurposeofvideo surveillanceistode…     

二维平行放位装车问题的布局约束启发式算法

在分析二给平行入位货物装车问题的基础上，对货物装车问题设定了布局约束，构造了布局约束启发式算法。实验结果表明，此算法可以有效求得问题的优化或近似优化解，是求解此类问题的一个较好的方案。     

诱发电位潜伏期变化的相关平均估计方法

研究了诱发电位潜伏期变化的相关估计问题，提出了并分析了两种基于累加平均的改进方法，即平均相关法和相关平均法。     

Influences of clock resolution of bandwidth measurement on packet pair algorithm

Influences of the clock resolution of bandwidth estimator on the accuracy and stability of the packet pair algorithm was analyzed. A mathematic model has been established to reveal the relationship between the result deviation coefficient and the packet size, clock resolution and real bandwidth（value）of the measured route. A bandwidth self-adapting packet pair algorithm was presented based on the mathematic model to reduce the estimation error resulting from the clock resolution and to improve the accuracy and stability of measurement by adjusting the deviation coefficient. Experimental results have verified the validity and stability of the algorithm.     

重型钢引桥提升机的设计

详细地分析了钢引桥在提升过程中的技术要求,并在此基础上提出了此类提升机的设计计算依据和一个应用实例。