基于VC＋＋实现公路工程试验数据的处理系统

介绍了在公路工程试验室管理中,运用Visual VC＋＋实现公路工程试验室数据处理系统的方法,其中包括数据存储、窗口界面、报表打印等主要功能的构成。叙述了系统总体设计、数据存储、菜单设计、工具栏设计、用户窗口设计及报表打印的步骤和方法。     

信息化条件下的防空武器装备运输线路优化算法

弹药保障,是武器系统战斗力的重要标志。着眼适应未来信息化战争运输保障的特点和要求,应用线性规划和多端网络最大流问题,将运输保障问题抽象为运筹中的线路问题,建立模型,以提高军交运输保障能力。     

Experimental Investigation of TARMAX Model for Modeling of Hydrodynamic Forces on Cylinder-like Structures

A new approach that models lift and drag hydrodynamic force signals operating over cylindrical structures was developed and validated. This approach is based on stochastic auto regressive moving average with exogenous (ARMAX) input and its time-varying form, TARMAX. Model structure selection and parameter estimation were discussed while considering the validation stage. In this paper, the cylindrical structure was considered as a dynamic system with an incoming water wave and resulting forces as the input a...     

A multiobjective chance constrained programming model for supplier selection under uncertainty

Risk management is an inherent part of supplier selection. While companies are enjoying the benefits of outsourcing, risks brought by this practice should be taken into account in the process of decision making. This paper presents a multiobjective stochastic sequential supplier allocation model to help in supplier selection under uncertainty. Demand for products, capacities at suppliers as well as transportation and other variable costs are the main sources of uncertainty and are modeled using probability distributions. Disruptions are exogenous events and the model provides proactive mitigation strategies against disruptions by assigning backup suppliers who can be used in case of a default at a primary supplier. When there is no disruption, the model’s solution is an optimal supplier order assignment, considering operational risks.     

A frequency-based maritime container assignment model

This paper transfers the classic frequency-based transit assignment method of Spiess and Florian to containers demonstrating its promise as the basis for a global maritime container assignment model. In this model, containers are carried by shipping lines operating strings (or port rotations) with given service frequencies. An origin–destination matrix of full containers is assigned to these strings to minimize sailing time plus container dwell time at the origin port and any intermediate transhipment ports. This necessitated two significant model extensions. The first involves the repositioning of empty containers so that a net outflow of full containers from any port is balanced by a net inflow of empty containers, and vice versa. As with full containers, empty containers are repositioned to minimize the sum of sailing and dwell time, with a facility to discount the dwell time of empty containers in recognition of the absence of inventory. The second involves the inclusion of an upper limit to the maximum number of container moves per unit time at any port. The dual variable for this constraint provides a shadow price, or surcharge, for loading or unloading a container at a congested port. Insight into the interpretation of the dual variables is given by proposition and proof. Model behaviour is illustrated by a simple numerical example. The paper concludes by considering the next steps toward realising a container assignment model that can, amongst other things, support the assessment of supply chain vulnerability to maritime disruptions.     

Modeling heterogeneous risk-taking behavior in route choice: A stochastic dominance approach

This paper proposes a unified approach to modeling heterogonous risk-taking behavior in route choice based on the theory of stochastic dominance (SD). Specifically, the first-, second-, and third-order stochastic dominance (FSD, SSD, TSD) are respectively linked to insatiability, risk-aversion and ruin-aversion within the framework of utility maximization. The paths that may be selected by travelers of different risk-taking preferences can be obtained from the corresponding SD-admissible paths, which can be generated using general dynamic programming. This paper also analyzes the relationship between the SD-based approach and other route choice models that consider risk-taking behavior. These route choice models employ a variety of reliability indexes, which often make the problem of finding optimal paths intractable. We show that the optimal paths with respect to these reliability indexes often belong to one of the three SD-admissible path sets. This finding offers not only an interpretation of risk-taking behavior consistent with the SD theory for these route choice models, but also a unified and computationally viable solution approach through SD-admissible path sets, which are usually small and can be generated without having to enumerate all paths. A generic label-correcting algorithm is proposed to generate FSD-, SSD-, and TSD-admissible paths, and numerical experiments are conducted to test the algorithm and to verify the analytical results.     

The price of uncertainty in pavement infrastructure management planning: An integer programming approach

Currently there is a true dichotomy in the pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) literature. On the one hand, there are integer programming-based models that assume that parameters are deterministically known. On the other extreme, there are stochastic models, with the most popular class being based on the theory of Markov decision processes that are able to account for various sources of uncertainties observed in the real-world. In this paper, we present an integer programming-based alternative to account for these uncertainties. A critical feature of the proposed models is that they provide – a priori – probabilistic guarantees that the prescribed M&R decisions would result in pavement condition scores that are above their critical service levels, using minimal assumptions regarding the sources of uncertainty. By construction of the models, we can easily determine the additional budget requirements when additional sources of uncertainty are considered, starting from a fully deterministic model. We have coined this additional budget requirement the price of uncertainty to distinguish from previous related work where additional budget requirements were studied due to parameter uncertainties in stochastic models. A numerical case study presents valuable insights into the price of uncertainty and shows that it can be large.     

基于新型性能指标的冗余度机械臂重复运动规划之方案分析与验证

为解决冗余度机器人手臂在运动过程中出现的关节角偏差问题,探讨与分析了一种基于新型性能指标的二次型优化模型,以使机械臂的关节能实现重复运动.在考虑各种关节物理极限(如关节角度极限和关节速度极限)的情况下,该模型最终被转化为一个标准的二次型优化问题来求解.同时,基于负梯度法的原理分析和基于PUMA560的平面四连杆机械臂的计算机仿真结果表明,该方案具有可行性和有效性.     

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在集装箱多式联运系统中,内陆运输方式和路径的选择,对集装箱门到门运输过程的运输效果产生很大的影响.为更合理地组织多式联运,本文在充分考虑集装箱内陆运输路径因素的同时,研究集装箱多式联运在运输方式转换过程中节点作业随机特征对运输方式和路径选择的影响.以总成本最小为目标,建立带有时间约束的混合整数规划模型,通过图形变换,将问题转化为节点作业带有随机特征和运输时间约束的最短路模型.通过实例验证并对结果进行分析,求得的路径在成本和时间方面较合理,具有可操作性,可以成为多式联运路径选择的决策参考.     

平面信号控制交叉口行人过街的时间模型

平面信号控制交叉口行人过街时间是道路交通安全和交通信号设置的重要参数.通过对成都市6个无左转专用信号的平面信号控制交叉口的24条人行横道上行人过街时间的调查与分析,利用统计学得到平面信号控制交叉口行人过街平均时间模型、85%位时间模型和90%位时间模型,最后根据最小二乘法对所选的主要影响因素与各个多元线性回归模型进行相...