设置纵隔板钢桥面双层铺装拉应力逼近式研究

以现行《公路工程技术标准》（JTGB01-2003）为依据，结合钢桥面铺装的几何特征、力学特性，建立设置纵隔板的钢桥面双层铺装拉应力三维有限元计算模型。在结构设计参数常用取值范围内，对设置纵隔板钢桥面双层铺装的拉应力关键影响因素进行正交敏感性分析：通过逐步线性回归方法拟和出钢桥面双层铺装拉应力的近似计算公式，使得铺装层车载响应隐含式显示化：同时，通过有限元计算和回归拟舍分析，对标准单轴双轮轴载作用下拉应力的计算公式进行修正，得单轴双轮组各级轴载作用下钢桥面双层铺装拉应力的计算通式，其精度很好，能满足工程设计和理论研究的需要。研究结果可为钢桥面双层铺装结构设计提供近似计算的新方法，     

城市燃气管道第三方损坏的评价方法

第三方损坏评价是指对由于各种外力作用而使管道受损的可能性进行分级.根据影响第三方损坏因素的情况,采用故障树分析法和模糊综合评判法相结合的数学模型进行评价.通过故障树分析,得到引起第三方损坏的各种因素的重要度.再将之作为模糊综合评判法的权重向量,求得第三方损坏的综合评判向量,最后按照最大隶属度原则确定各管段第三方损坏可能性的等级.     

货车变速器失效树分析

本文通过对货车五档变速器的失效树分析，提供了对变速器失效原因及其发生概率的设计分析方法，从而确定系统失效原因的各种组合方式，以便采取相应的改进措施来延缓失效发生的时刻，为提高变速器的使用可靠性提供依据。     

基于改进的模糊决策树ETC系统客户欺诈分析研究

随着我国ETC系统的普及，对其进行管理成了急需解决的问题，因利用电子标签和智能卡进行欺诈的行为将给高速公路管理部门带来了极大的损失。介绍了一种改进的模糊决策二叉树模型。即采用最优分割熵方法确定最优割点来对数据模糊化，引入模糊数学中的不确定性理论，依据分类的不确定性建造树，生成规则，在此基础上利用规则匹配的方法检测任意的样本数据是否为欺诈数据。     

Short-term Hourly Traffic Forecasts using Hong Kong Annual Traffic Census

The need for acquiring the current-year traffic data is a problem for transport planners since such data may not be available for on-going transport studies. A method is proposed in this paper to predict hourly traffic flows up to and into the near future, using historical data collected from the Hong Kong Annual Traffic Census (ATC). Two parametric and two non-parametric models have been employed and evaluated in this study. The results show that the non-parametric models (Non-Parametric Regression (NPR) and Gaussian Maximum Likelihood (GML)) were more promising for predicting hourly traffic flows at the selected ATC station. Further analysis encompassing 87 ATC stations revealed that the NPR is likely to react to unexpected changes more effectively than the GML method, while the GML model performs better under steady traffic flows. Taking into consideration the dynamic nature of the common traffic patterns in Hong Kong and the advantages/disadvantages of the various models, the NPR model is recommended for predicting the hourly traffic flows in that region.     

随机交通分配中有效路径的定向树搜索算法

交通路网中有效路径的确定方法是进行各类随机交通流量分配的关键技术.文章将交通路网中节点位置的确定性与交通出行中路径选取的有向性相结合,模拟树的生长,提出了一种有效路径的定向树搜索算法.通过将该方法应用于随机用户均衡分配模型,说明了该方法的有效性.     

汽车制动功能失常故障树仿真建模与分析

本文采用Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ随机抽样方法，建立汽车制动功能失常故障树仿真模型，编制出故障桎仿真程序ＳＦＴＡ，求出该系统的平均无故障工作时间、累积换效及各底事件重要度。同时借助于故障树仿真程序对系统进行可靠性分析，不仅能解决故障树分析中部件为非指数分布所遇到的困难，而且能够从仿真的运行过程中，观察到系统内部部各部分对整个系统可靠性所产生的作用，对于整体提高汽车制动系统的可靠性提供了有益的参考依据。     

Optimizing the locations of electric taxi charging stations: A spatial–temporal demand coverage approach

Vehicle electrification is a promising approach towards attaining green transportation. However, the absence of charging stations limits the penetration of electric vehicles. Current approaches for optimizing the locations of charging stations suffer from challenges associated with spatial–temporal dynamic travel demands and the lengthy period required for the charging process. The present article uses the electric taxi (ET) as an example to develop a spatial–temporal demand coverage approach for optimizing the placement of ET charging stations in the space–time context. To this end, public taxi demands with spatial and temporal attributes are extracted from massive taxi GPS data. The cyclical interactions between taxi demands, ETs, and charging stations are modeled with a spatial–temporal path tool. A location model is developed to maximize the level of ET service on the road network and the level of charging service at the stations under spatial and temporal constraints such as the ET range, the charging time, and the capacity of charging stations. The reduced carbon emission generated by used ETs with located charging stations is also evaluated. An experiment conducted in Shenzhen, China demonstrates that the proposed approach not only exhibits good performance in determining ET charging station locations by considering temporal attributes, but also achieves a high quality trade-off between the levels of ET service and charging service. The proposed approach and obtained results help the decision-making of urban ET charging station siting.     

Investigation of ship waves in a narrow channel

This paper presents a discussion of the characteristics of ship waves in a narrow channel restricted by vertical walls, based on observed data and the results computed by a 2-D model. In the numerical model, the propagation of waves generated by a moving ship is simulated by solving 2-D depth-integrated Boussinesq equations. To get the boundary conditions at the location of the ship, the slender-ship approximation is employed. A field observation was carried out at a straight length of navigation channel. The ships targeted in the observations are two kinds of waterbuses with lengths of 28 and 24 m. The relative depth Froude number for the river current, an appropriate parameter for assessing the influence of the current on ship wave characteristics in a navigation channel, ranged from 0.47 to 0.76. The observed maximum wave height varied between 0.13 and 1.26 m. The maximum wave height of the wave train is sharply increased when the relative depth Froude number exceeds 0.6. The results computed by the present model agree fairly well with the observed data.     

组合预测在港口吞吐量预测中的应用研究

以某港口1996—2002年吞吐量为原始数据,按照“误差平方和最小”的准则,把一元线性回归模型和GM(1,1)模型组合起来,对某港口2004—2008年的吞吐量进行了组合预测。