大跨度拱桥边拱钢拱肋与刚性系杆连接区域试验研究

广州新光大桥主桥为预应力混凝土刚架-钢桁拱桥,受力较为复杂,尤其是边拱肋与系杆连接区域在承受拱肋与桥墩传递的轴力和弯矩的同时,还要承受系梁的拉力。对该连接区域进行1∶3.2缩尺模型试验。通过特殊设计的试验台座,准确模拟了加载与边界条件。建立了该区域的三维有限元模型。从试验和计算两方面证明了该连接部位的设计是安全合理的。     

珠江黄埔大桥北汊桥钢主梁应力不均匀性研究

珠江黄埔大桥北汊桥主梁采用扁平钢箱梁,结合该工程,采用混合有限元方法计算钢箱梁的受力,得到钢主梁板件的应力,分析箱梁顶板和底板应力分布的不均匀性,揭示斜拉桥中扁平钢箱梁的应力分布特点。     

闽江水口枢纽坝下水位降落整治方法研究

枢纽下游河床遭受清水冲刷,河床下切、水位降落是普遍的规律,也是历来枢纽设计及航道整治中的重点和难点,文中针对闽江水口枢纽坝下水位降落幅度及河床地质条件,采用1:100正态物理模型与遥控自航船模相结合的研究手段,提出了若坝下水位降落幅度较小,且坝下河床冲刷已基本稳定,可采取潜坝或明渠及溢流坝方案治理;若坝下水位降落幅度较大,且坝下河床冲刷仍在继续,单纯解决通航问题可采取船闸改造或船闸加中间渠道方案治理。     

基于激光视觉融合的帧间匹配方法

同步定位与地图构建(Simultaneous Location and Mapping, SLAM)是机器人在未知环境中实现自我导航能力的重要保证。目前SLAM算法使用的主传感器基本是激光雷达或视觉相机。二者各具优劣,激光雷达能更精确地进行测距,视觉相机能反映环境丰富的纹理信息。与使用单一传感器相比,将二者融合的SLAM算法能够获得更多环境信息,达到更好的定位和建图效果。文章提出一种融合激光雷达和视觉相机的帧间匹配方法,通过在SLAM帧间匹配过程中加入地面约束以及视觉特征约束,提高帧间匹配过程精度,增强算法鲁棒性,从而提升SLAM算法整体效果。文章最后利用采集的地下停车库数据进行结果验证,与开源算法A-LOAM进行对比。结果表明,相比A-LOAM的帧间匹配方法,文章提出的方法相对位姿误差提升约30%。     

基于G1法的海外铁路项目风险评价方法研究

为了提高海外铁路项目风险评估和项目管理水平,解决"一带一路"倡议下铁路"走出去"的技术难题,建立了海外铁路项目风险评价指标体系和多级评价模型.首先,根据层次分析法的原理,按照项目风险来源性质的不同,建立了由5个1级指标和15个2级指标组成的海外铁路项目风险评价指标体系;其次,利用G1法对专家关于指标重要程度的排序意见进...     

大跨径连续梁实桥构件刚度模态识别方法

提出一种利用低阶测试模态对桥梁构件抗弯刚度进行有限权量平差的最小二乘解识别方法。通过对主跨110m的广州大桥主桥3跨变截面连续箱梁实桥梁体抗弯刚度进行数值模拟识别及结合桥梁现场动静载试验进行识别结果,表明此方法利用现有的测试技术对大跨径连续梁桥进行抗弯刚度识别误差是常规最小二乘解识别误差的1/8～1/10,识别精度得到了极大的改善。     

试论全寿命分析法在路面设计中的应用

全寿命设计方法是一项较新的设计理念,将其用于路面设计目前为止还不多。讨论了美国相关法案(Pave- ment Division Interim Technical Bulletin)中的路面全寿命分析(LCCA)方法,并基于该思路提出了路面全寿命设计方法,试图建立全寿命路面设计的初步体系。     

Tool Wear Prediction in Micro-end-milling with Hard Material

The applications of micro-machining have increased drastically in the last ten years. However, tools with less than 1mm diameter using for micro-mills have very short and unpredictable life when they are used to cut hard metals. In this study, preliminary design of experiment (DOE) test program was conducted to investigate and identify the factors affecting tool wear at the micro-scale with hard material. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Taguchi method were efficient to determine appropriate cutting condition and the effect of parameters. A simple model was also developed to predict the width of slots on the workpiece along the cutting length. The obtained results can provide the basic guidelines for parameter setting of micro-end-milling with hard material.     

Regularization Method to the Parameter Identification of Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient and Properties during Casting Solidification

The accurate material physical properties, initial and boundary conditions are indispensable to the numerical simulation in the casting process, and they are related to the simulation accuracy directly. The inverse heat conduction method can be used to identify the mentioned above parameters based on the temperature measurement data. This paper presented a new inverse method according to Tikhonov regularization theory. A regularization functional was established and the regularization parameter was deduced, the Newton-Raphson iteration method was used to solve the equations. One detailed case was solved to identify the thermal conductivity and specific heat of sand mold and interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) at the meantime. This indicates that the regularization method is very efficient in decreasing the sensitivity to the temperature measurement data, overcoming the ill-posedness of the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) and improving the stability and accuracy of the results. As a general inverse method, it can be used to identify not only the material physical properties but also the initial and boundary conditions' parameters.     

浅谈建筑施工企业工程造价控制的若干方法

对建筑施工企业而言,建设工程项目的成本直接关系到项目的成败,关系到建筑施工企业的发展,同时也是工程竞标的主要因素。阐述了建筑施工企业工程造价控制的一些做法,诸如:合理预测工程项目的成本,抓好工程实施阶段的成本控制和做好工程实施阶段实质性管理工作。由此实现施工管理效益最大化。