内河智能交通系统研究

内河航运在运输成本、环保、可持续发展等方面优势突出,而内河航运管理相对滞后。提出内河智能交通系统的概念,阐明内河智能交通系统的3个关键技术:船舶定位、无线数据通信、电子河图显示与信息系统,并对我国发展内河智能交通系统提出建议。     

USB点对点通信技术在机车数据转储中的应用

介绍了基于单片机控制的USB数据转储器的工作原理,重点阐述了USB接口部分电路设计及软件设计。在DF4D型机车上的运用表明,系统设计合理,运行可靠,能满足现场大量数据快速转储的需要。     

GML3.0及其在空间数据建模中的研究

GML的提出为解决空间数据共享提供了一个契机。地理标记语言GML(Geography Markup language)是由OGC开发的一套基于XML的数据编码规则,主要用于地理信息的建模、存储和传输。本文首先简要介绍了GML3．0新增的内容、功能以及基本的数据模型。然后以构建旅游地理信息系统的空间模型为例,论述了GML空间数据建模的步骤。     

Determinants of modal choice in freight transport

In the next few years, exciting developments in the field of freight transport are likely to occur. The Channel Tunnel will be perceived as giving railways much greater distance of operation, compared to the current train ferry to/from Great Britain. The further development of swap-body technology will allow easier modal transfer and the creation, in 1992, of a single market in Europe will transform the pattern of trade. All of these are likely to have significant impacts on modal choice, and hence modal split, in freight transport. Reappraisal by many firms of the modes of transport used is likely but will it result in a net transfer of freight from road to rail and, if so, to what extent? To answer such questions, an accurate and reliable method of predicting modal split is required. Research in the past has concentrated on the development of modal split models based on generalised costs. These fail to explain adequately the prevalence of road freight in the UK. From surveys of freight managers within industry, it is clear that models to date rely too heavily on the economic cost factor and too little on behavioural factors (Jeffs 1985). This paper derives from a recent study of freight transport modal choice from the standpoint of the transport decision-maker within the firm. It attempts to shed light on the actual parameters which should be incorporated into a modal split model. Many variables appear to exert an influence on modal choice decision-making process. However, it is possible to categorise them into six main groups, namely: customer-requirements; product-characteristics; company structure/organisation; government interventions; available transport facilities; and perceptions of the decision-maker him/herself. It is the interactions and inter-relationships between these which ultimately determine freight modal split. This study has shown that the relationship between the outcome of the transport decision process and the values of particular determinants of modal split is not straight-forward, due to the complexity and variety of interactions involved. Perhaps one of the main reasons for researchers' failure hitherto to develop a successful modal-split model has been the preoccupation with techniques that rely on the development of common metric (e.g. generalised cost), which has led to the exclusion of some important explanatory variables along quite different dimensions. Another important issue concerns the appropriate level of aggregation. In order not to reduce the explanatory power of the key variables, it is important to work at a disaggregate level, although this does make substantial demands on data. The use of factor analysis enables both the aggregation of information without loss of behavioural reality and the specification of variables in terms of a common metric. In conclusion, freight transport has usually been examined within too narrow a framework. It must be placed firmly within the context of the total industrial process. The demand for freight transport is directly influenced by the level, composition and geographical distribution of production and consumption activities. Freight flows are complex and so it is highly unlikely that a universal mode-choice model can ever be developed. Future research should, therefore, be directed towards developing partial models in response to specific needs of those involved in decision-taking in the freight sector.     

GPRS在工业监控中的应用

基于移动通信和Internet的蓬勃发展，使用了GPRS和Internet技术以实现工业监控系统的广域信息智能化。GPRS技术提高了工业监控系统的开放性、可视性、分散性、移动性、数据／图像高速传输，以及铁路专用网、无线通信网络和Internet之间的互联互通等，本文在对GPRS进行介绍的同时，讨论了其在工业监控中的应用前景以及具体的实现方案。实验结果显示，本方案切实可行。     

前端处理器在综合监控系统的应用及优化

对前端处理器在轨道交通综合监控系统中的应用进行研究,详细讨论功能需求、数据流向、工作流程以及前端处理器的冗余工作机制.在分析应用现状的基础上,对前端处理器的软硬件可靠性、数据传输性能、冗余方案进行优化研究.     

高速铁路CPⅢ网区段搭接数据处理研究

研究目的:高速铁路轨道控制网(CPIII)相邻区段的搭接是否合理将直接影响轨道的平顺性,影响轨道长短波检测的计算结果。本文针对国内轨道控制网CPⅢ两种主要的区段衔接方法,结合工程实际进行了研究。给出两种搭接计算的算法,对两种算法的结果进行比较,并对其优缺点进行分析对比;对搭接平差前超限情况的处理方法进行阐述,为类似工程应用提供参考。研究结论:在相邻两段CPⅢ网独立平差后搭接区点的坐标较差≤3 mm情况下,两种方法得到的搭接平滑结果,均可以满足轨道长短波检测的需要。从测量理论和实践应用出发,严密平差搭接的方法应该更可靠,搭接数据处理的可操作性更强,更适用于工程测量实际情况。     

关于提高城市轨道交通清分中心处理能力的设计研究

研究了提高城市轨道交通清分中心系统处理能力的设计方案,主要从软件系统、硬件设备、数据库3个方面针对清分中心的数据处理特点,进行了优化设计。     

由地铁建管模式变化谈地铁弱电系统思路更新

结合铁道部介入成都地铁建设管理和城际地铁建设的进展情况,推荐在轨道交通项目中设置分立的数据网平台连接集中监控系统(ISCS),并建议引入铁路数字移动通信( GSM -R)制式,认为城市间轨道交通需要考虑统一组网、应急联动以及清分系统互联结算等问题.     

机车远程监视与诊断系统研究与设计

基于车载信息采集技术、通信技术和计算机技术,提出了一套适合我国机车运用检修管理的机车远程监视与诊断系统,详细阐述了系统结构、网络结构、通信方式、信息处理和综合应用情况,并结合系统的实际装车运用考核情况分析了该系统的应用现状及广阔的应用前景.