青藏铁路综合监控系统的网络结构分析

针对青藏铁路综合监控系统的组网结构,分析了系统存在的问题与不足,提出了利用分流承载业务,增加网络带宽,减少网络节点,利用既有光纤和单独组网等几种网络优化的方案.     

基于系统规划的公路桥收费策略

在我国有公路桥的城市很多,为此制定相应的基于系统最优的公路桥收费策略,不仅可以方便居民的正常出行,还有助于政府利用桥梁收费达到城市交通平衡和解决市政桥梁建设资金问题的双重目的。     

工期固定多目标资源优化的方法

资源是指为完成工程任务所需的劳动力、材料、机械设备和资金等的统称。资源优化就是通过改变工作的实施时间,使资源按时间的分布能够符合优化目标。     

抗蛇行减振器对机车运行平稳性的影响

为了减小提速机车在提速区段异常振动,提高机车运行平稳性,以抗蛇行减振器为研究对象,运用机车车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,以机车运行平稳性指标为依据,从机车抗蛇行减振器的工作状态、卸荷速度、结构阻尼参数等入手,研究了抗蛇行减振器与机车运行平稳性的关系。仿真计算与分析结果表明:抗蛇行减振器的工作状态对机车运行平稳性有较大的影响,必须严格确保所有减振器的工作状态均正常;取适当的卸荷速度可以达到提高乘车舒适性的目的;抗蛇行减振器的结构阻尼参数越大,对提高机车的平稳性越有利。     

Large-scale evacuation network optimization: a bi-level control method with uncertain arterial demand

To improve the efficiency of large-scale evacuations, a network aggregation method and a bi-level optimization control method are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial sub-network and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining local road sub-networks. The bi-level optimization control method is developed to reconfigure the aggregated network from both supply and demand sides with contraflow and conflict elimination. The main purpose of this control method is to make the arterial sub-network to be served without congestion and interruption. Then, a corresponding bi-objective network flow model is presented in a static manner for an oversaturated network, and a Genetic Algorithm-based solution method is used to solve the evacuation problem. The numerical results from optimizing a city-scale evacuation network for a super typhoon justify the validity and usefulness of the network aggregation and optimization control methods.     

Evaluation of pedestrian crosswalk level of service (LOS) in perspective of type of land-use

In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations.     

基于蚁群算法和群决策理论的动态路径优化研究

文章针对城市交通信号控制中的动态路径优化问题,综合考虑相邻交叉口间距和路段交通饱和度两个参数的影响,提出了一种基于蚁群算法和群决策理论的动态路径优化算法模型,并通过仿真实验,对比分析了该算法模型的有效性。     

液舱旋转射流惰化模拟及优化

为探究气体惰化机理,提高惰化过程效率,对卧式椭球状LNG液舱的气体惰化过程进行数值模拟与优化。采用从椭球状液舱端部直流射流、旋转射流和混合射流的进气方式,分析气体射流流场结构和惰化效果,探究不同进气方式对惰化过程影响的机理,并提炼其惰化优化方案。结果表明：在进气流量一定时,旋转射流的惰化效果优于直流射流和混合射流,这是由于旋转射流会产生更大的进气扩张角,可大幅减少惰化死角的存在,有利于在储罐内部形成推移式惰化;旋转射流相对直流射流可节省40.4%氮气量和惰化时间,相对混合射流可节省26.2%氮气量和惰化时间。旋转射流优化方案可减少氮气耗量并节省惰化时间,提高惰化过程效率,具有较高的经济性,对于实际LNG液舱的气体惰化过程具有重要指导意义。     

考虑实时浮态调整的散货船分舱优化

以某散货船为例,在船舶主尺度、船型参数和货舱总长度不变的情况下,将货舱间横舱壁的偏移距离作为优化参数,以船舶静水弯矩和静水剪力为目标函数进行优化,寻求使船舶静水载荷达到最小的横舱壁组合,并针对货物随着舱壁位置不同而引起的浮态变化,编写实时调整压载水的程序。该程序可应用在散货船的初步设计中,对船舶分舱设计和配载布置都具有指导性的意义。     

中压直流综合电力系统燃油经济性调度策略

由于研究对象、运行要求和调控手段存在差异,陆用电力系统和传统船用电力系统的燃油经济性策略无法直接应用到中压直流综合电力系统中。针对中压直流综合电力系统的能量优化调控需求,建立综合电力系统燃油经济性调度模型,提出基于分层优化方法的系统燃油经济性调度优化算法,实现对整流发电机组出力的优化。同时,提出适用于中压直流综合电力系统燃油经济性优化调度的方法,实现对发电机出力的优化调度,并通过仿真试验验证该方法的有效性。