An integrated framework for embedding large-scale dynamic traffic assignment models in advanced traveler information systems

In recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to the development of various applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), which are credited with the amelioration of traffic conditions in urban and regional environments. Advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) constitute an important element of ITS by providing potential travelers with information on the network's current performance both en-route and pre-trip. In order to tackle the complexity of such systems, derived from the difficulty of providing real-time estimations of current as well as forecasts of future traffic conditions, a series of models and algorithms have been initiated. This paper proposes the development of an integrated framework for real-time ATIS and presents its application on a large-scale network, that of Thessaloniki, Greece, concluding with a discussion on development and implementation challenges as well as on the advantages and limitations of such an effort.     

Instantaneous communication throughputs of vehicular ad hoc networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) formed by connected vehicles in a traffic stream could be applied to improve safety, mobility, and environmental impacts of a transportation system. In this paper, we present analytical models for the instantaneous communication throughputs of VANETs to measure the efficiency of information propagation under various traffic conditions at a time instant. In particular, we define broadcast and unicast communication throughputs by the wireless channel bandwith multiplied by the average probabilities that one vehicle is a successful receiver and sender in a VAENT, respectively. With a protocol communication model, we derive formulas to determine the probabilities for an equipped vehicle to be a successful broadcast receiver and a successful unicast receiver/sender, and obtain broadcast and unicast throughputs along discrete and continuous traffic streams. We further examine the impacts on communication throughputs of the transmission range and the interference range of dedicated short range communication devices as well as the market penetration rate of equipped vehicles and the percentage of senders. Finally, we investigate the influence of shock waves on communication throughputs.     

基于交通信息的电动汽车制动策略及仿真

为了提高滑行能量回收经济性和踏板制动安全性、舒适性,基于交通信息,提出了电动汽车(EV)制动协调策略。分析了滑行制动的经济性,由交通信息和汽车行驶状态确定滑行制动强度;由道路信息和前方车辆信息建立汽车安全距离模型和碰撞预警策略,利用预警信息对滑行制动和踏板制动强度进行协调。对本策略进行仿真验证。结果表明:利用交通信息的滑行策略,在通行良好工况下综合能耗减少1.1%,拥堵工况下减轻驾驶员的制动疲劳;预警和协调策略避免了频繁预警,减小了紧急避撞触发几率。因此,利用交通信息能够辅助驾驶员进行更加合理的制动。     

基于Halcon及VS的动车组制动闸片厚度自动识别模块

研究基于图像处理和模式识别的动车组闸片厚度自动识别模块,解决动车组制动时因闸片过薄而导致的车轮迅速升温,甚至引发不安全状态的问题.该模块可实现动车组通过时自动检测,即自动拼图、图像预处理、模型定位及制动闸片厚度计算,并对厚度小于一定数值的闸片进行自动报警.通过大量实验和测试表明,该模块可以有效地计算闸片的厚度,具有很好...     

问题式教学在《汽车构造》网络授课中的实践应用

文章通过对问题式教学的理论分析,结合疫情期间开展网络授课的教学过程,通过理论分析和实践教学来探索问题式教学在网络教学过程中的开展方式,以此构建基于网络教学“生成问题、回答问题、解决问题和检验问题”的问题式教学模式,从而提高网络授课的教学效果,培养学生自主学习的能力。     

考虑季节性温湿变化的混凝土桥梁徐变计算模型研究

为研究温湿变化对混凝土桥徐变效应的长期影响,建立考虑季节性温湿变化的混凝土桥徐变计算模型.该模型以卢志芳模型为基础,选取我国6个典型温湿度特征城市,基于徐变系数非减原则,建立温湿度时变函数,利用多项式累加和积改进卢志芳模型,得到改进徐变模型.将该模型应用于某预应力混凝土连续梁桥(假设该桥分别位于6个城市)10年徐变效应...     

基于Lotus/Domino平台的OA系统的设计与实现

针对政府机关和企业的实际需求,提出办公自动化系统.实现了基于B/S模式的OA系统,介绍了Lotus/Domino的技术特点和系统实现的技术方案.并根据用户的需求对系统进行了功能上划分.     

基于背景建模的钢轨表面缺陷像素级检测方法

钢轨表面缺陷具有独特性和稀疏性,利用机器视觉技术自动地检测钢轨表面缺陷仍存在很大挑战.提出一种基于背景建模的钢轨表面缺陷像素级检测方法,利用钢轨图像固有特性构建图像背景分布模型,找到背景分布簇中心,以定位到可疑像素点;提出一种钢轨表面缺陷像素级识别方法,根据可疑像素点的上下文特征和空间位置先验概率识别该像素点是否属于真...     

基于多装船机的散货船智能装载

对散货船使用多装船机进行装载作业的情况,建立以最高装载效率、最佳纵倾和最小化船舶最大静水弯矩值为目标,以浮态、稳性和结构强度为约束条件的散货船智能装载数学模型,使用改进的多目标遗传算法进行求解,得到优化后的Pareto解集,结果表明:该算法能够有效求得该问题的优化解,在实际应用方面具有一定的可行性.     

基于模型预测控制的智能车横纵向控制器设计

针对智能车横纵向控制中路径跟踪精度、行驶稳定性以及乘坐舒适性等问题,提出了基于模型预测控制(MPC)的横纵向综合控制方法.速度规则系统根据参考路径曲率与车辆跟踪位移误差计算出期望速度曲线,速度跟踪控制采用分层式控制器,上层控制器利用MPC算法计算期望加速度,下层控制器利用车辆逆纵向动力学模型对车辆的驱动和制动进行协调控...