乘用车车身结构噪声测量分析及控制

乘用车的车内低频噪声直接影响其乘座舒适性。本文探讨了声响感度分析、矢量合成分析，结构车内噪声声场耦合模态分析方法在车身结构噪声分析控制中的运用，在实车上其降噪效果也是令人满意的。     

声全息方法识别汽车运动噪声

本文提出利用声全息原理，对运动状态下的汽车噪声源进行识别的方法，它能够用来分析汽车在高速运动过程中发动机的噪声，轮胎噪声和空气动力学噪声，通过低速和高速实验表明该方法是一种有效的方法，能够快速，准确识别运动车辆的噪声。     

斜盘式压缩机运动学与动力学计算及工作噪声分析

斜盘式压缩机结构紧凑，正面投影面积小，便于在发动机上布置和调整；通过对其运动学和动力学分析，可以证明其可实现运动的完全平衡，从而带来振动小、噪声低的优点。但斜盘式压缩机活塞与斜盘之间的钢容易磨损，活塞换向时易出现“嗒嗒”声，随着间隙的增大，噪声也越加明显。经试验验证和数据分析，发现此现象与气缸孔和主轴孔的不平行度有很大关系，把该不平行度控制在０．０２ｍｍ以内，可收到良好的效果。     

汽车噪声的模拟及其应用

介绍了采用“分频带数字滤波法”来模拟汽车噪声的原理及其主要参数的选择，并通过试验证了该模拟方法和模拟系统的可行性，由此建立的汽车噪声模拟系统可用于研究汽车噪声对人体的各种生理指标和化指标的影响规律。     

发动机排气噪声有源控制技术的研究与应用

本文根据发动机排气噪声的声学特性提出了有源消声系统的数学模型。据此,对研制的控制系统进行的试验结果表明:在中低频段降噪效果明显,主要声峰频率上平均降噪量达13.6dB。     

隔振降噪技术的实船应用

某型测量船主辅机采用的单层局部隔振、浮筏双层隔振及约束阻尼处理等隔振降噪技术,基内就其设计论证、实船应用和检测结果作一简介。     

The effects of information bias and riding frequency on noise annoyance to a new railway extension in Hong Kong

We investigate how two non-acoustic factors, information bias and riding frequency, can affect the annoyance response of an urban population to noise created by a new railway line. The study shows that information bias is asymmetrical. Respondents receiving only information on positive measures taken by the authority to reduce noise emission are more tolerant of the noise impact, but those receiving only critical views tend to be more annoyed because they feel that not all measures to reduce noise have been employed. Additionally people who use the line frequently are more tolerant to the noise impact than those who do not. Information bias seems to have a temporary masking effect over riding frequency lasting for a few weeks after railway opening. This suggest that whilst free flow of information provided by the authority can help alleviate annoyance response, encouraging the people affected to make use of the new infrastructure may be useful to reduce public resistance and noise annoyance.     

A bi-objective dynamic programming approach for airline green fleet planning

Ensuring a fleet of green aircraft is a basic step in mitigating aviation pollution issues that are expected to be worsen in the coming years due to rapid air traffic growth. This study proposed a novel methodology in green fleet planning in which both profit and green performance of airline are considered simultaneously and explicitly. To do this, a Green Fleet Index (GFI) is derived as an indicator to quantify the green performance of airline’s fleet. It measures the degree of airline compliance with a standard requirement in terms of emission, noise, and fuel consumption. A bi-objective dynamic programming model is then formulated to find optimal aircraft acquisition (lease or purchase) decision by minimizing GFI and maximizing profit. Several interesting results are obtained: (1) considering environmental issue as secondary objective yields a greener fleet; (2) airline’s profit is affected, but could be recovered from environmental cost savings; (3) increasing load factor is an effective operational improvement strategy to enhance airline’s green performance and raise profit level. It is anticipated that the framework developed in this study could assist airlines to make a smart decision when considering the need to be green.     

NVH测试在汽车后桥异响噪声源分析中的应用

汽车后桥异响噪声是汽车常见噪声之一,影响乘客的乘坐舒适性。文章通过测试某汽车的啸叫噪声,将测量数据中的某一阶次噪声与总噪声的频率曲线进行对比,从而寻找后桥异响产生的原因。最终查明该异响噪声源由主减速器齿轮啮合噪声产生。为运用NVH测试方法查找汽车后桥噪声源,优化汽车NVH性能提供了依据。     

汽车噪声分析与降噪措施及噪声测量方法

随着汽车工业和城市交通的发展,城市汽车拥有量日益增加。据国外资料统计,机动车辆所包括的总功率比其他各种动力机构功率的总和大20倍以上。它们所辐射的噪声约占整个环境噪声能量的75%。各种调查和测量结果表明,城市交通噪声是目前城市环境中最主要的噪声源。因此,降低机动车辆本身的噪声是减少城市环境噪声最根本的途径。我公司在新车上采取降噪措施,达到国家噪声限值要求,目前效果良好。本文对汽车噪声进行分析,以及采取的相应降噪技术措施和国家对汽车噪声的测量方法予以说明,仅供参考。