基于响应面和kriging代理模型的汽车B柱优化设计

为保证B柱耐撞性,同时减轻其质量以实现汽车轻量化,对某轿车B柱侧面碰撞进行了有限元分析.针对B柱外板、内板和两加强板厚度,设计了L16(45)正交试验,并由此进行仿真,得到胸部和腹部侵入量与侵入速度的数学代理模型.应用序列二次规划对B柱各板厚度进行优化,可知B柱质量减轻11.6％,在兼顾耐撞性的同时实现了汽车轻量化.     

基于DoE的车用消声器优化设计

针对某乘用车消声器在发动机转速1 500～3 000 r/min范围内尾管噪声偏大的问题,应用GT-Power软件建立发动机及排气系统模型,并对该模型进行了试验验证。应用DoE方法找到了对消声器性能影响较大的参数,建立了消声器性能综合评价体系。依据运行工况及指标的重要程度为各转速下的评价指标设计了相应的权重,通过多目标优化计算得到了最优化的消声器结构参数。优化后消声器的模拟计算结果表明,在发动机转速1 500~3 000 r/min范围内,尾管总噪声和2阶噪声有较大程度上的降低。     

涡轮特性曲线优化与缸内直喷汽油机排气歧管匹配研究

分别采用4种方法优化了某涡轮增压器特性曲线,并将计算结果与输入的测量点数据进行了对比,确定了适合优化所用涡轮流量-压比曲线的最佳方法。利用AMESim软件建立了某汽油机整机热力学仿真模型,并对该发动机全负荷工况的主要参数进行了标定。将所得涡轮特性曲线用于该涡轮增压汽油机的排气歧管优化匹配研究中。结果表明,合理匹配排气歧管可以使该机中低速扭矩和燃油消耗率分别实现5.2%和5%的改善。     

单桩承载力预测的PSO-Gompertz模型研究

在对桩的荷载传递规律进行分析的基础上,运用生物生长观点将Gompertz函数模型用于单桩极限荷载的预测中,给出模型参数估计的粒子群（PSO）方法,并在实例分析的基础上将PSO—Gompcrtz模型与常用预测模型进行了对比。结果表踢：在桩顶静荷载作用下,单桩承载力的发展经历了发生、发展、成熟并趋于饱和的生长过程;桩的荷载Q-沉降5曲线可用logistic函数描述;提出的PSO—Gompertz模型比双曲线模型、指数模型有更高的预测精度。     

现代化汽车制造业中设备的优化管理

汽车企业中的装备是其核心竞争力的一部分,能否保证生产设备在大批量与连续生产过程中处于良好状态是一个必须应对的问题。文章通过对设备优化管理方式的实施,采取建立设备保全体制及持续开展保全活动的方法,使生产设备始终满足使用要求该经验可供行业人士借鉴。     

后扭力梁系统研发及某液压成型结构梁改型优化设计

对扭力梁剪切中心、横梁截面、扭转刚度以及悬架运动特性确定悬架设计的关键点,通过优化方法来达到预先设定的性能,并成功运用于液压成型扭力梁改型,大大降低开发费用及技术难度。     

Coordinated platooning with multiple speeds

In a platoon, vehicles travel one after another with small intervehicle distances; trailing vehicles in a platoon save fuel because they experience less aerodynamic drag. This work presents a coordinated platooning model with multiple speed options that integrates scheduling, routing, speed selection, and platoon formation/dissolution in a mixed-integer linear program that minimizes the total fuel consumed by a set of vehicles while traveling between their respective origins and destinations. The performance of this model is numerically tested on a grid network and the Chicago-area highway network. We find that the fuel-savings factor of a multivehicle system significantly depends on the time each vehicle is allowed to stay in the network; this time affects vehicles’ available speed choices, possible routes, and the amount of time for coordinating platoon formation. For problem instances with a large number of vehicles, we propose and test a heuristic decomposed approach that applies a clustering algorithm to partition the set of vehicles and then routes each group separately. When the set of vehicles is large and the available computational time is small, the decomposed approach finds significantly better solutions than does the full model.     

Optimizing charging station locations for urban taxi providers

Recently, electric vehicles are gaining importance which helps to reduce dependency on oil, increases energy efficiency of transportation, reduces carbon emissions and noise, and avoids tail pipe emissions. Because of short daily driving distances, high mileage, and intermediate waiting time, fossil-fuelled taxi vehicles are ideal candidates for being replaced by battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Moreover, taxi BEVs would increase visibility of electric mobility and therefore encourage others to purchase an electric vehicle. Prior to replacing conventional taxis with BEVs, a suitable charging infrastructure has to be established. This infrastructure consists of a sufficiently dense network of charging stations taking into account the lower driving ranges of BEVs.In this case study we propose a decision support system for placing charging stations in order to satisfy the charging demand of electric taxi vehicles. Operational taxi data from about 800 vehicles is used to identify and estimate the charging demand for electric taxis based on frequent origins and destinations of trips. Next, a variant of the maximal covering location problem is formulated and solved to satisfy as much charging demand as possible with a limited number of charging stations. Already existing fast charging locations are considered in the optimization problem. In this work, we focus on finding regions in which charging stations should be placed rather than exact locations. The exact location within an area is identified in a post-optimization phase (e.g., by authorities), where environmental conditions are considered, e.g., the capacity of the power network, availability of space, and legal issues.Our approach is implemented in the city of Vienna, Austria, in the course of an applied research project that has been conducted in 2014. Local authorities, power network operators, representatives of taxi driver guilds as well as a radio taxi provider participated in the project and identified exact locations for charging stations based on our decision support system.     

滑柱摆臂式悬架转向梯形断开点位置的优化及分析

本文应用空间机构运动学对滑柱摆臂式悬架进行空间运动计算，在此基础上对转向梯形断开点位置的确定进行详细分析计算，编制了确定断开点位置的通用优化计算程序。与传统的平面作图法和平面解析法相比，本文考虑了更多的因素，计算结果更符合实际情况。     

优化振动压路机工作参数

讨论了振动压路机—土体的动力学模型。以土体吸收最大功率为目标函数 ,优化振动压路机激振频率、振幅等主要工作参数 ,使之产生最佳压实效果