6S50MC-C柴油机活塞头的优化设计

基于活塞头-活塞环-缸套组合结构稳态传热得出的温度场和热流分布,分析增加振荡冷却孔深度和倒圆角对强度的影响,得出活塞头的温度场和应力分布。原设计结构最高温度为448.4℃,最大热应力和耦合应力分别为694MPa和677MPa,最大应力小于材料的许用应力。随着冷却孔深度的增加,活塞头的最高温度、最大热应力和耦合应力都降低,增加冷却孔深度可以有效的降低最高温度和最大应力。倒角可以有效的降低应力集中,选取倒角5.5mm为优化设计方案。     

Indicators for Evaluating the Impact of Artificial Islands on the Barcelona Coast

Artificial islands have been constructed next to large cities due to the need for extra space in highly populated areas. These emerged structures have been used by many countries as platforms for developing infrastructure (airports, harbors, highways, etc.), rebuilding ecological areas, and creating new spaces for tourism or residential areas. In this study, two state-of-the-art numerical models for wave propagation and nearshore circulation are used to simulate the effects of an emerged artificial island on the Barcelona coast. Several sea indicators (wave height, intensity and direction of currents, and mean water level) are analyzed to assess the changes likely to be induced by an artificial island. Three different situations are studied and the indicators are compared across the different tests to obtain information that can be used in the planning process of these structures. In two-meter wave conditions, the tests show that wave height is generally reduced in the sheltered area, which leads to improved safety for beach users (bathing is prohibited when wave height exceeds the two-meter threshold). However, the numerical models also reveal that velocities in the sheltered area usually decrease, which must be controlled to prevent stagnation in the bathing area.     

基于HCSR的热点应力插值方法研究

针对《散货船、油船协调共同规范》（HCSR）中的疲劳热点应力插值方法,总结7种不同的插值方式,通过对简化的实体单元和壳体单元模型的分析以及实船模型新旧规范的对比,验证了HCSR中插值方法的合理性,并对两个版本的HCSR方法进行比较.     

船用蠕动式连续拖曳行走装置运动分析及优化

为了实现大型海洋工程装备在船舶或浮体等运动物表面的稳定、连续、快速行走运动,对船用蠕动式连续拖曳行走装置进行了研究。介绍了在模拟尺蠖蠕动基础上增加了交替拖曳功能的行走装置运动原理,并设计了相应的机械结构及液压驱动系统。对行走装置进行了运动分析,建立了以被拖体运动速度最大为目标,以液压系统流量限制为约束条件的优化数学模型,对行走装置垂向及横向运动时间进行了优化。最后通过某海底管线铺设装备上配置的行走装置样机试验,验证了其运动性能以及各环节运动时间对被拖体运动速度的影响情况。     

基于三维CAD模型的复杂艏、艉船型曲面快速光顺方法及实现

利用船舶型值和复杂艏、艉特征参数等数据,结合三维CAD设计软件进行初步建模,提出一种基于三维CAD软件模型的复杂艏、艉船型曲面快速光顺方法,实现复杂艏、艉船型曲面的快速三向光顺。利用生成的光顺仿真模型和曲面求交算法,获得艏、艉部位任意型值点数据。该方法将拼接和光顺处理分为三个阶段来实现,即曲面重建、G1光顺拼接、曲面微调3个阶段。相较于三维CAD软件中基于单个控制点调整的曲面拼接光顺方法,该方法能够大幅提高曲面拼接与光顺的处理效率,同时曲面的内在连续性和型值点数据精度也得到了保证。     

狭小工作舱布局优化方法

针对狭小工作舱作业空间小、时间长、无舒适性的特点,提出一种基于人体疲劳特性的布局优化方法用来减轻肌肉疲劳。首先,利用实验所得人体上肢肌肉疲劳特性值,建立三维人体运动学模型。然后,以坐标变换的方法建立手指空间坐标求解思路,得到全局坐标系中不同位置的疲劳特性值,实现人体上肢作业姿势的生理参数化定义。同时,采用专家评价法与层次分析法相结合,确定待布物的人机权重。最后,以载人潜航器舱室为例,结合蚁群算法对载人潜航器舱内主控台进行布局设计,并采用JACK软件进行模拟验证。结果表明,此布局优化方法可以缓解载人潜航器操作员的疲劳,改善载人潜航器舱室的人机环境。     

某型船用低速柴油机机座推力侧分析

某型船用低速柴油机在改型设计过程中,由于推进载荷的增加,需要对机座的推力侧重新进行结构强度校核。根据动力学软件Virtual Engine计算结果提取主轴承载荷,采用ABAQUS进行结构强度分析,由于轴向推力的作用,机座推力侧有六个区域应力集中,其中两个区域最大等效应力远超出材料的屈服强度,原结构不能满足改型设计要求。根据强度分析结果并结合工程应用经验,提出4种结构优化方案,经过再次计算发现改变危险区域隔板布置角度最为合理,并得到了最佳布置角度。     

Wave energy assessments in the Black Sea

The present work aims to evaluate the wave energy resources in the Black Sea basin. The study is focused on the western part of the sea, which is traditionally considered as being more energetic. In order to give a first perspective of the wave climate, a medium-term wave analysis was carried out using in situ measured data. As a further step, a wave prediction system was implemented for the Black Sea. This was based on the simulating waves near-shore model, which is used for both wave generation and near-shore transformation. This methodology has the advantage that a single model covers the full scale of the modelling process. Various tests were performed considering data measured at three different locations. Special attention was paid to the whitecapping process, which is still widely considered to be the weak link in deep water wave modelling. Comparisons carried out against measured data show that the wave prediction system generally provides reliable results, especially in terms of significant wave heights and mean periods. By increasing the resolution in geographical space, the field distributions of wave energy were analysed for both high and average wave conditions. The analysis and the wave prediction system developed are a prerequisite for further investigations extended in time and with increased resolution in the near-shore direction.     

云模型在训练弹药消耗预测中的应用研究

针对弹药消耗呈现较强的非线性特征,解决弹药消耗预测模糊性与随机性的问题,增强解决不确定性问题的鲁棒性,文章提出一种基于云模型的预测方法,构建了基于云模型弹药消耗预测模型,并将该模型运用于平时训练弹药消耗预测,以某训练弹药消耗为例进行实例验证,分析结果表明,基于云模型的弹药需求预测具有良好效果。     

公路大件运输计算机决策系统的研制与开发

公路大件运输是公路运输的一种重要的形式。大件运输的货物往往是国家重点建设项目的关键设备,在运输过程中通常要求具有很高的可靠性和安全性。本文系统分析了公路大件运输安全性的影响因素,建立了运输车辆的可靠性、稳定性和通过能力模型,并在此基础上用VB语言开发出了公路大件运输计算机决策系统。试用结果表明,该软件能迅捷、有效地解决公路大件运输的可靠性、稳定性和通过能力的决策问题。