基于建筑信息模型(BIM)的城市轨道交通设施设备分类与编码研究

城市轨道交通涉及多专业的设施设备,建设项目从设计、施工到运营维护,各阶段的设施设备信息采用不同的分类编码体系,难以开展设施设备的统一化管理。调研上海轨道交通既有的设施设备分类编码体系,基于建筑信息模型(BIM)技术研究,建立城市轨道交通全生命周期的设施设备分类编码体系。该分类编码体系是以城市轨道交通资产管理的分类编码为基础进行编制的,划分了21类,具有唯一性、稳定性、可扩展性等特点,可兼容既有的设施设备分类编码体系,并能够满足城市轨道交通运营维护管理的需求。     

城市停车需求预测方法研究

本文以交通量-停车需求模型为基础,考虑了不同区位的小区出行吸引的交通方式构成对停车需求的影响,提出了先根据各小区出行吸引的交通方式构成对小区进行聚类分组,再分组预测未来年出行吸引的交通方式构成,继而预测各小区停车需求量的方法.最后,结合实例进行了分析,证明该方法可以保证预测的精度.     

Environmental repercussions of parking demand management strategies using a constrained logit model

In order to select the correct mobility strategy, individuals’ choice behavior must be studied, and their reactions in response to strategies must be predicted. Upon exploring aspects subject to constraints, our results included walking distance, parking rates, search time and parking availability. We have identified scenarios in which simulation outputs of environmental parking mobility strategies differ significantly when using the Constrained Multi-Nominal Logit (CMNL) when compared with the widely used Multi-Nominal Logit (MNL). With the CMNL model growing in popularity, it is worth considering environmental mobility strategy repercussions in this context with the incorporation of relevant constraints.     

交通安全设施路面标线用玻璃珠质量评价技术

结合相关标准和实际质量评价工作,对公路上玻璃珠的外观、粒径分布、成圆率、密度、折射率、耐水性和磁性颗粒含量等质量指标的检测评价方法进行详细阐述和说明,可供相关工程参考和借鉴。     

停车许可证的动态最优供给策略

考虑可预约和不可预约公共停车设施共存情况，制定停车许可证动态最优供给策略.构建随机最优控制模型以实现系统总时间损失期望值最小化，利用动态规划原理推导出最优性条件，即哈密尔顿-雅克比-贝尔曼方程，采用一种预设最优值函数方法得到动态最优供给策略的解析解.结果表明：动态最优供给策略为一个反馈控制，即车辆排队时间的函数；依据排队时间是否存在，动态最优供给策略分为两种情况.以北京市国贸地区为例进行蒙特卡洛实验可知：相较停车许可证完全供给策略，动态最优供给策略可节约时间0.45~1.94 min/veh；随着停车许可证用户行为不确定性增加，动态最优供给策略节约时间的平均值上升，变异系数下降.     

On the morning commute problem with bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints

Morning commuters choose their departure times based on a combination of factors—the chances of running into bottleneck congestion, the likely schedule delays, and parking space availability. This study investigates the morning commute problem with both bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints. In particular, it considers the situation when some commuters have reserved parking spots while others have to compete for public ones on a first-come-first-served basis. Unlike the traditional pure bottleneck model, the rush-hour dynamic traffic pattern with a binding parking capacity constraint varies with the relative proportions of the two classes of commuters. It is found that an appropriate combination of reserved and unreserved parking spots can temporally relieve traffic congestion at the bottleneck and hence reduce the total system cost, because commuters without a reserved parking spot are compelled to leave home earlier in order to secure a public parking spot. System performance is quantified in terms of the relative proportions of the two classes of commuters and is compared with those in the extreme cases when all auto commuters have to compete for parking and when none of them have to compete for one.     

隔离设施对BRT运行速度的影响分析

为了提高BRT的安全运行速度，以增强BRT的安全性、高效性为出发点，通过系统分析有无隔离设施、隔离设施的种类、隔离设施的安装方式以及驾驶员心理等影响BRT运行速度的因素，比较不同路段BRT运行速度的差别。结果表明，BRT在有物理隔离的专用道上的运行速度比无物理隔离专用道上高38．14％，比合用公交专用道高41．49％。     

Truck parking in urban areas: Application of choice modelling within traffic microsimulation

Urban truck parking policies include time restrictions, pricing policies, space management and enforcement. This paper develops a method for investigating the potential impact of truck parking policy in urban areas. An econometric parking choice model is developed that accounts for parking type and location. A traffic simulation module is developed that incorporates the parking choice model to select suitable parking facilities/locations. The models are demonstrated to evaluate the impact of dedicating on-street parking in a busy street system in the Toronto CBD. The results of the study show lower mean searching time for freight vehicles when some streets are reserved for freight parking, accompanied by higher search and walking times for passenger vehicles.     

用于径流污染削减的土地处理设施内土壤重金属污染研究

通过对一处植草沟-表面流人工湿地联合径流处理设施内的水体及土壤样品进行采样分析,研究土地处理设施内土壤重金属污染风险和径流截流净化机制间的关系。研究结果表明,径流内重金属的水体-土壤迁移,是其在土地处理设施内脱除的主要途径,但这带来了不可忽视的土壤重金属富集现象。与周边自然土壤相比,径流土地处理设施内土壤主要重金属(Fe、Mn、Ph、Cu、Zn及As)的平均浓度上升了1.5~2.9倍,带来了严重的负面环境风险。其在具备深度水质净化能力的土地处理设施单元内(如人工湿地)尤为严重。同时设施内重金属水体-土壤迁移的强度显著受到水体理化环境,特别是氧化还原水平的调控,厌氧及强还原性环境会进一步提高土壤重金属二次释放及向周边环境迁移的风险。     

BL 3-5和CAP 437中船舶直升机甲板设计的差异分析

为探讨丹麦民航局BL 3-5和英国民航局CAP 437对船舶直升机甲板设计部分要求的差异，以公司建造的GM-J180A自升式平台为依托，对这两部标准进行差异化分析，总结船舶直升机甲板设计和设施配备的要求和要点并提供相应的解决方案。