Modeling the impact of parking price policy on free-floating carsharing: Case study for Zurich,Switzerland

The research on carsharing has already shown that a non-negligible part of carsharing members give up a vehicle after joining a carsharing program, or avoid a vehicle purchase. This arguably reduces overall parking space needed. This might well be one of the most important impacts of a carsharing program on the transportation system, but also one of the least researched. The rapid diffusion of free-floating carsharing, which for its very nature might have a stronger impact on parking, makes the relationship between carsharing and parking an appealing topic for new research. This work presents a method for the investigation of this relationship using an agent-based simulation and explores the impacts of different parking prices on the demand for free-floating carsharing in the city of Zurich, Switzerland. Three levels of free-floating fleet-size in the city of Zurich coupled with three levels of parking prices were simulated. The obtained results show that free-floating vehicles are able to use parking spaces more efficiently than private vehicles. Moreover, the average parking occupancy tends to be more homogeneous with higher fleet-size of free-floating carsharing and with the increase of parking prices, thus avoiding spatial parking pressure peaks.     

Electric vehicles and residential parking in an urban environment: Results from a stated preference experiment

This paper presents the results of a preference survey of 1545 respondents’ willingness to purchase electric vehicles (EVs) in Philadelphia. We pay particular attention to respondents’ willingness to pay for convenient charging systems and parking spaces. If the value of dedicated parking substantially outweighs the value of convenient charging systems, residential-based on-street charging systems are unlikely to ever be politically palatable. As expected, respondents are generally willing to pay for longer range, shorter charging times, lower operating costs, and shorter parking search times. For a typical respondent, a $100 per month parking charge decreases the odds of purchasing an EV by around 65%. Across mixed logit and latent class models, we find substantial variation in the willingness to pay for EV range, charge time, and ease of parking. Of note, we find two primary classes of respondents with substantially different EV preferences. The first class tends to live in multifamily housing units in central parts of the city and puts a high value on parking search time and the availability of on-street charging stations. The second class, whose members are likelier to be married, wealthy, conservative, and residing in single-family homes in more distant neighborhoods, are willing to pay more for EV range and charge time, but less for parking than the first group. They are also much likelier to consider purchasing EVs at all. We recommend that future research into EV adoption incorporate neighborhood-level features, like parking availability and average trip distances, which vary by neighborhood and almost certainly influence EV adoption.     

城市轨道交通客运服务标准编制研究

城市轨道交通客运服务标准应主要针对乘客的需求而制定,是当前需要优先制定的服务业标准之一。通过对城市轨道交通客运服务及特性进行分析,结合国际相关服务标准以及我国现行的服务标准及标准化模式,提出了“以人为本”、系统性和与国际接轨的标准编制原则。乘客乘车是一个按时间顺序的活动过程,沿乘客乘车时间次序展开服务次序,是标准编制的重要技术方法。确定城市轨道交通客运服务内容是城市轨道交通客运服务标准编制的一项主要任务。在借鉴国外先进服务标准理念的基础上,通过轨道交通客运服务质量和从乘客实际需求出发来规范服务内容。最后,对乘客相应权益的规定做了说明。     

海港港池和回旋水域平面尺度研究

在分析港池和回旋水域平面尺度主要影响因素的基础上,对国内、外相关规范关于港池和回旋水域平面尺度的计算方法进行对比研究,并通过典型工程实例加以说明,对海外港口工程水域尺度的确定及拓宽国内海港工程水域尺度设计思路具有借鉴意义。     

船舶外场涂装无组织排放现状与法规分析

涂装作为造修船主要支柱环节,在人员健康、环境等的要求下,面临绿色化发展的转型升级的需求.基于船舶外场涂装作业大气污染治理的紧迫性,文章梳理了船舶涂装的现状,进而归纳及对比了国内外大气污染无组织排放的环保标准/法规,提出了船舶绿色涂装的发展建议.旨在为船舶企业提供涂装排放限值及要求相关的参考依据,降低对环境的危害,促进船...     

高速公路合理收费标准确定方法研究

随着投入运营的时间增加,高速公路运营管理中的矛盾日益突出,如何确定科学合理的道路收费率,成为道路经营者普遍关注的问题。在收费标准基本模型的基础上提出了收费标准方案评估模型,利用判断矩阵选择最佳方案,并制定了相应的收费标准的动态调整方法。     

Analysis on the Effects of Overloading on the Mechanical Properties of Tunnel Structures in the Silty Ground --A Case Study of Sutong River-crossing GIL Utility Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Based on the Sutong GIL utility tunnel project, which is constructed by the shield machine under the river, and as for the overloading problem at the river bank slope during operating period, the refined threedimensional finite element model was established to study the deformation and cracking characteristics of the tunnel segment structure under different forms of overloading. The evolution laws of section convergence, joint opening and structural stress were analyzed, and the structure damage mechanisms were revealed under conditions of large area loading and local loading. The surface-surcharge control standard was proposed. For the big diameter shield tunneling crossing the silty clay, the research results show that: (1) the deformation failure process is divided into three stages under large area loading condition, taking the design load and compressive yield of rebars inside haunch as the critical points respectively. The first stage is characterized by the elastic stress, the second stage is in plastic state with fracture, and the third stage is accelerating deformation and instability stage. The vertical convergence is 110.5 mm with no opening of joints when rebars are yielded; (2)the deformation failure process under local loading condition is also divided into elasticity, plasticity and instability stages, taking the design load and tensile yield of rebars outside haunch as the critical points respectively. The vertical convergence is 152.6 mm with joint opening of 4.36 mm; (3) the early-warning values of additional stress on the ground under conditions of large area loading and local loading are 110 kPa and 70 kPa respectively. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

城市综合交通体系规划回顾与展望

回顾改革开放以来中国城市综合交通体系规划在规划定位、规划目标、内容体例、技术方法、规划实施等方面的实践和探索。总结规划编制工作的基本特点:以问题为导向、融合城市总体规划、提倡以人为本理念、广泛应用定量技术方法。指出规划编制和实施过程中存在的不足:规划地位和作用认识不清、价值理念与实际行动脱节、规划实施评估环节缺失、规划管理体制机制缺乏、相关法规技术标准陈旧。结合城市交通发展新趋势,展望未来城市综合交通体系规划的重点方向:强化多规融合、强调以人为核心的规划、加强规划评估和滚动编制、加强技术创新与行业规范、深化政策保障机制研究。     

盾构管片模具三维激光扫描检测关键技术

目前盾构管片模具主要采用传统的人工和激光跟踪测量技术进行检测,存在检测点位少,精度低等缺点,不能很好地指导管片模具的修复工作,直接影响到管片尺寸的生产精度,易造成盾构隧道管片破损、开裂及渗漏水等现象,为后期的运营埋下了安全隐患。宁波市轨道交通利用三维激光扫描技术对管片模具进行检测,通过理论分析、现场试验及数据分析,确定了点云数据的拼接方式、扫描分辨率、基准模型及模型对齐的方式,成功克服了现有的管片模具检测中存在的测量点位少、精度低等缺点,实现了对管片模具的全方位检测,大大提高了管片模具的检测精度。同时在参考现有规范及经验的基础上,制定出了盾构管片模具三维激光扫描检测标准,很好地指导了管片模具的修复工作,提高了盾构管片尺寸的生产精度,确保盾构隧道的施工质量。     

船体外加电流阴极保护系统设计中问题的探讨

船体外加电流阴极保护系统国家标准(GB/T3108-1999)中关于设计电流密度的选取并由此计算船体的保护电流总量.由于船舶的结构布局等因素,往往使电极不能按理想的设计方案在船体E进行布置与安装,致使有些部位电流不足,导致部分船体得不到充分的保护.经实船实验证明,在船体设计安装外加电流阴极保护系统的同时,应在艉部等部位相应没计安装部分牺牲阳极以弥补辅助阳极电流之不足.