VMT, energy consumption, and GHG emissions forecasting for passenger transportation

Globalization, greenhouse gas emissions and energy concerns, emerging vehicle technologies, and improved statistical modeling capabilities make the present moment an opportune time to revisit aggregate vehicle miles traveled (VMT), energy consumption, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions forecasting for passenger transportation. Using panel data for the 48 continental states during the period 1998-2008, the authors develop simultaneous equation models for predicting VMT on different road functional classes and examine how different technological solutions and changes in fuel prices can affect passenger VMT. Moreover, a random coefficient panel data model is developed to estimate the influence of various factors (such as demographics, socioeconomic variables, fuel tax, and capacity) on the total amount of passenger VMT in the United States. To assess the influence of each significant factor on VMT, elasticities are estimated. Further, the authors investigate the effect of different policies governing fuel tax and population density on future energy consumption and GHG emissions. The presented methodology and estimation results can assist transportation planners and policy-makers in determining future energy and transportation infrastructure investment needs.     

垂直水幕作用下扩建地下水封油库布局方式研究

为研究垂直水幕对扩建地下水封油库布局方式的影响,以某大型地下水封洞库分期建设工程为依托,采用有限元数值模拟方法,对有、无垂直水幕条件下扩建洞库的布局方式进行研究。研究结果表明： 1）当两期洞库间距较小时,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕可有效削弱拟建洞库对已建洞库水封可靠性的影响,随两期洞库间距的增加,垂直水幕的影响性逐渐减弱; 2）拟建洞库轴线方向对水封可靠性的影响受地形等条件的影响较大,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕对水封可靠性的影响较小; 3）随拟建洞库埋深的增加,拟建洞库的水封可靠性逐渐增强,已建洞库的水封可靠性却呈逐步减小趋势,在两期洞库之间设置垂直水幕可有效减小埋深对两期洞库水封可靠性的影响。     

Empirical analysis of short period traffic counts and their efficiency: the case of Indian traffic

Short period traffic counts (SPTCs) are conducted routinely to estimate the annual average daily traffic (AADT) at a particular site. This paper uses Indian traffic volume data to methodically and extensively study the effect of four aspects related to the design of SPTCs. These four aspects are: (i) for how long, (ii) on which days should SPTCs be carried out, (iii) how many times, and (iv) on which months should SPTCs be carried out? The analyses indicate that the best durations for conducting SPTCs are 3 days (starting with a Thursday) and 7 days, for total traffic and truck traffic, respectively. Further, these counts should be repeated twice a year keeping a separation of two months between the counts to obtain good estimates of AADT at minimal cost. An additional outcome of this study has been the determination of seasonal factor values for roads in developing economies, like India.     

装配式桩基码头设计建造应用现状与展望

针对水运工程高桩梁板式桩基码头设计建造过程中存在的构件标准化及装配化程度差、施工效率低等问题,分析装配式桩基码头设计建造应用现状,总结装配式桩基码头结构体系的基本特点、模式及连接方式,提出装配化程度指标构件装配率和体积装配率概念,并根据实际工程案例得出传统高桩码头的装配率指标。     

乘用车车身水管理设计综述

为提升乘用车车身的防水能力,探讨了车身湿区的水管理方法和阻止车外的水进入车身干区的水管理方法.首先明确了车身湿区、干区的定义和车身湿区、干区的分界面,然后阐述了车身外部的导水、排水设计,后续章节重点分析了外界的水进入车身内部的各类途径,和各类进水途径的封堵方法,最后总结出与防水相关的试验是判定车身密封性能高低的依据.综...     

汽油机燃烧室紧凑性评价参数分析

对燃烧室紧凑性评价参数面容比A/V值进行了分析,讨论了其局限性。提出了新的内燃机燃烧室紧凑性的衡量方法,即面面比S/A,在等容积条件下,进行了各种燃烧室紧凑性及火焰传播距离的比较。     

统计能量法及其在提速客车噪声预测中的应用

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城市轨道交通网络化客流特征及成长规律——基于京沪穗深城市轨道交通网络客流数据分析

中国各大城市轨道交通将陆续进入网络化运营阶段,然而对于网络化进程中客流特征及成长规律尚缺乏深入细致的分析与研究。对北京、上海、广州、深圳4个城市轨道交通网络化进程中的客流特征及成长规律进行系统总结,涉及客运量及客运强度、断面客流量分布、线网换乘系数、乘距与运距、客流时间分布等。同时,针对轨道交通沿线土地利用、线网规模、服务水平、票制票价等影响客流特征变化的主要因素进行分析。在此基础上,对当前中国城市轨道交通规划、建设、运营组织的若干关键问题提出建议。     

海战场环境中基于射线的碰撞检测算法研究

在海战场环境中,运动的物体之间可能会发生碰撞,文章针对海战场环境中各种运动物体的特点,提出不同类型包围盒的选择原则;针对物体的运动状态,采用基于射线的相交测试方法,提高碰撞检测的效率。     

客运专线数据通信业务实现方案

结合客运专线通信传输业务的需求及特点，介绍3种数据通信业务的实现方案，并对它们从业务承载能力、接口种类、保护、系统成熟性、可靠性和经济性等方面综合分析比较。