基于遗传算法的飞行器航迹规划研究

针对飞行器航迹规划问题展开研究,提出了一种基于遗传算法的飞行器航迹规划方法.该算法采用一种变长实值基因编码方式和一组重新设计的与之对应的进化算子.仿真实验结果表明,该算法能够快速有效地完成航迹规划任务,获得较为满意的航迹,同时也能满足在线实时规划的要求.     

Optimization of bus stop locations for improving transit accessibility

A mathematical model is developed in this paper to improve the accessibility of a bus service. To formulate the optimization model, a segment of a bus route is given, on which a number of demand entry points are distributed realistically. The objective total cost function (i.e. the sum of supplier and user costs) is minimized by optimizing the number and locations of stops, subject to non‐additive users' value of time. A numerical example is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method thus developed to optimize the bus stop location problem. The sensitivity of the total cost to various parameters (e.g. value of users' time, access speed, and demand density) and the effect of the parameters on the optimal stop locations are analyzed and discussed.     

Moving towards more eco-efficient tourist transportation to a resort destination: The case of Whistler, British Columbia

Transportation is not only a key component of the tourism value chain, but it is also a critical management consideration in shaping tourism's environmental footprint. Transportation consumes the greatest portion of the energy used in the tourism system. Most of this consumption is associated with travel to and from the destination. Despite this situation, scant research has addressed ways in which destinations can play a role in reducing this energy use challenge. Strategies such as shifting visitors to more energy-efficient modes have the potential to improve the eco-efficiency of tourist transportation. Using a case study of transportation management options and visitor responses in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada, this paper examines visitor reactions to a range of transportation strategies designed to shift skiers from private to public modes of transport. Respondents completed an online survey employing both traditional and stated choice questioning methods to examine tourists' transportation choice behaviour. Long-haul tourists were the most likely to shift transport modes based on the management options offered to them. Destination management strategies for moving this target group to public modes of transportation are described.     

汽车客运站场规划布局探析

文章以公铁竞争为切入点,分析了汽车客运站场布局在公铁竞争中的地位和作用,阐述了汽车客运站场建设的规划布局要求,并探讨了搬迁城区汽车站做法的不合理性,提出了城市汽车客运站场的规划布局建议。     

深V型滑行艇纵向运动试验研究

深V型滑行艇模型纵向运动试验研究表明：规则波中,升沉响应的平均值与静水航行时的重心升高极为接近,纵摇响应的平均值与静水航行时的纵倾较为接近,证实了相同航速下滑行艇在波浪中航行的纵向运动是相对于静水浮态的升沉纵摇运动;随着航速的增加,升沉响应峰值、纵摇响应峰值、垂向运动加速度峰值都向长波方向移动;速度较高、波幅较大时,升沉、纵摇、垂向运动加速度是非线性的。     

Strategic planning support for road safety measures based on accident data mining

When actions and measures to increase road safety are to be planned by the police and local authorities, it is necessary to consider the specific accident circumstances as well as their historical, current, and predicted course. In particular, combinations of accident circumstances not contained in existing police statistics are often neglected, but may nevertheless be relevant, e. g., due to an increasing frequency. In order to identify these undiscovered interesting combinations, we propose a framework to support strategic planning of road safety measures based on several consecutive data mining stages. The scope, type, and location of road safety measures must be planned at a strategic level several months in advance to be fully effective. Therefore, it is essential to investigate and predict the accident circumstances and the temporal changes in their frequency comprehensively. Only with the knowledge, e. g., about the temporal pattern, locations, conditions of roads or speeds, meaningful actions can be derived. The embedded data mining approaches, i. e., frequent itemset mining, time series clustering, time series classification, forecasting, and scoring, are carefully selected, coordinated, and aligned. As a result, the framework provides police users with information about circumstances of accidents that are of interest in the future and presents their previous temporal and local patterns in a dashboard. In this study, the framework is applied in four different geographical regions. Thereby, default parameter settings for all approaches are found that are particularly suitable for the framework to investigate novel geographic regions.     

城市轨道交通线路规划优化模型与算法

文章根据我国城市轨道交通规划建设的特点,建立了以轨道交通投资和系统出行总时间最小为目标的轨道交通线路规划的双层规划模型,提出应用成熟的遗传算法进行优化模型求解。方法简单实用,对于我国的轨道交通线路规划具有实用价值。     

基于高职高专学生的职业生涯规划引导模式构建

在人才竞争日益激烈的今天,大学生就业已成为一个社会性的问题,虽然各高校在学生就业前对他们作了充分的就业指导,但并未从本质上取得成效。本文从职业生涯规划的内涵、高职高专学生的心理特点及建立＂分级递进＂的学生职业生涯规划引导模式三方面着手,探讨解决高职高专学生就业问题的有效途径。     

城市快速轨道交通路网规划原则的几点思考

对城市轨道交通路网规划原则进行了探讨.     

Map-induced journey-planning biases for a simple network: A Docklands Light Railway study

A usability study was conducted to identify the most effective prototype Docklands Light Railway map for installation on trains. This comprised a series of tasks that required station finding and also planning of routes between pairs of stations, with response time and accuracy as measures of performance. In addition, subjective ratings of map design were collected via questionnaire-based evaluations, and also ranked preferences between designs. A clear best-option was easily identifiable as a result of this research. The existing design was associated with the most journey planning errors, and two of the prototypes were associated with inefficient journey choices. The latter finding suggested that respondents were using unsophisticated planning strategies that were put at a disadvantage by certain route depictions. This has wider implications for suggestions that schematic maps should maintain topographical relationships in order to facilitate appropriate journey choices, with the danger that the inevitable increased complexity of line trajectories for such designs would simultaneously reduce the ability of passengers to identify the most appropriate routes.