节约资源是我国长期的国策

从技术改造、循环经济、防污治污、政策支持、综合利用、可再生能源等方面推进能源资源节约,这既是缓解能源资源供求矛盾的重大举措,也是从源头上减少污染、改善生态环境的重要途径.     

地铁基础减振地段钢轨异常波磨 治理方案研究

针对地铁线路产生的钢轨异常波磨问题,调研了某地铁线路的钢轨波磨情况以及基本特征,对轨道刚度、 钢轨廓形、轨距以及轨道动力特征进行测试,提出钢轨异常波磨的治理思路,并对波磨治理效果进行跟踪测试, 提出既有线以及新建地铁线路钢轨波磨的治理以及预防方案。研究表明：地铁钢轨波磨较为严重,波长在 25～ 100 mm 之间;轨道垂向刚度、横向刚度整体较弱,钢轨位移大,保持轨距能力差,轮轨关系恶化,在特定频段 范围内轮轨振动加剧,从而引起钢轨波磨的产生和发展。通过更换扣件及垫板、轨道精测精调、钢轨打磨措施可 以使车内噪声降低 5～10 dB,轨面不平顺显著降低,打磨周期延长至 1 倍以上;既有线路可通过“细调查、调参 数、精维修、动态检查”治理钢轨波磨,新建地铁线路应在规划、设计、运营维护、动态验收阶段严格把关,合 理采用减振轨道,避免钢轨异常波磨的产生和发展。     

基于灰色关联度的船舶风险控制方案多指标评价模型

分析了仅依靠成本效益评估而选择的船舶风险控制方案的片面性,综合考虑安全、环保、经济收益、成本等多因素对方案所表现的影响,建立了基于灰色关联度的船舶风险控制方案多指标评价模型。论文所建立的该模型可以充分利用各方案的指标取值所包含的信息,并考虑专家主观因素对指标重要度的影响,通过主客观综合赋权的方法突出某个指标在方案排序中的作用。以国际海事组织对液化天然气船的综合安全评估报告所提供的风险控制措施为例,使用该模型进行方案优选,并与仅用成本效益评估所得结果比较;分析比较表明:论文所建立的多指标评价模型可以更全面评估风险控制方案,方法合理,使用简便可靠。     

Consumer preferences for battery electric vehicles: A choice experimental survey in China

To accelerate the diffusion of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), consumer preferences for different products and policy attributes must be determined. Although previous studies have investigated consumer preferences for some product attributes, including purchase price, operation cost, driving range, and charging time, limited studies have discussed the broader aspects of product attributes, such as battery warranty and depreciation rate. Moreover, market-oriented incentives, including the personal carbon trading (PCT) scheme and the tradable driving credits (TDC) scheme, can theoretically be effective alternatives to expensive purchase subsidies. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence that confirms the influence of these two schemes on BEV adoption. To fill these gaps, we conducted a stated preference choice experimental survey in China and investigated the effect of product attributes, existing policy incentives, and two emerging market-oriented incentives on BEV adoption. Our results reveal that along with the main product attributes, battery warranty has a significant positive effect on inducing mainstream consumers to adopt BEVs while no preference difference occurs among existing policy incentives after purchase subsidies are abolished. For young consumers, almost all incentives that reduce the operation cost (e.g., PCT) or increase convenience (e.g., TDC) can increase their adoption of BEVs. These findings can provide important implications for the government with regard to designing novel incentives and promoting BEV adoption.     

涵洞基坑降水方案比选与参数分析

结合哈大铁路客运专线DK651+972涵洞施工的实例,论述了根据实际水文地质条件确定降水方案,对以往经验参数进行修改,以达到降水目的及确保工程顺利进行。     

浙赣线低净空桥接触网悬挂方案

针对浙赣线(南昌局管段)近30座低净空桥接触网改造工程的实际情况,提出增加承力索悬吊点、利用弹性支撑和承力索断开等3种改造施工方案,经测算虽接触网专业投资有所增加,但节省了整个工程费用.     

Executive Stock Option, Mediation of Agency Costs and Allocation of Power in Levered Firms

The relationship between options and agency costs in levered firms is studied by modeling the effect of executive stock options on the manager‘s investment strategy in levered firms. Stock options do not necessarily aggravate agency costs in levered finns. The corporate governance affects agency costs greatly. If debt-holders were entitled to design executive stock options together with stockholders, by allocating power properly between stockholders and debt-holders, firm value could be enhanced greatly. The following way of allocating power between the two parties is proposed: the exercise price should be the weighted average of the stockholders‘ and debtholders‘ suggested exercise prices. The weight allocated to debt-holders is positively related to the amount of debts that debt-holders lend to stockholders.     

投资者风险投资行为选择

为更好地指导投资者,从行为金融学的角度,通过对投资者的风险规避效用曲线、期望效用、投资净现值和投资机会成本的分析,探讨了投资者风险态度的界定、阶段性投资工具配置、投资决策中机会成本的把握和投资期权的运用等影响投资者风险投资行为选择的因素.研究表明:投资者的风险偏好直接影响其对风险性收益的追求,并反映了投资者承受风险的心理临界;随着风险企业的发展,投资者以股权、债权的投资分别有减少、增加的趋势;在风险企业(项目)单位产出价格不变的前提下,投资者保持还是行使期权执行权力,取决于投资机会成本与净投资收益比较的高低;反之,投资等待还是加大投资的趋向将随单位产出价格的降低或提高而增强.     

庐铜高速公路软基段新老路拼接处理方案设计

在对具体软基段新老路不同方案设计比选的基础上，根据实际情况，选用最佳方案予以实施，所得经验可供工程技术人员参考。     

股价为指数O-U过程的回顾型期权的定价

讨论了股票价格遵循指数O-U过程的连续时间最大值看涨(最小值看跌)期权,也就是固定履约价回顾型期权的定价问题.利用期权定价的鞅方法,得到了指数O-U过程随机模型下固定履约价回顾型期权的定价公式.