On a pathway to de-carbonization – A comparison of new passenger car CO2 emission standards and taxation measures in the G20 countries

Considering the role of transport for a 1.5 Degree stabilization pathway and the importance of light-duty vehicle fuel efficiency within that, it is important to understand the key elements of a policy package to shape the energy efficiency of the vehicle fleet. This paper presents an analysis focusing on three types of policy measures: (1) CO₂ emission standards for new vehicles, (2) vehicle taxation directly and indirectly based on CO₂ emission levels, and (3) fuel taxation. The paper compares the policies in the G20 economies and estimates the financial impact of those policies using the example of a Ford Focus vehicle model. This analysis is a contribution to the assessment of the role of the transport sector in global decarbonisation efforts. The findings of this paper show that only an integrated approach of regulatory and fiscal policy measures can yield substantial efficiency gains in the vehicle fleet and can curb vehicle kilometres travelled by individual motorised transport. Using the illustrative example of one vehicle model, the case study analysis shows that isolated measures, e.g. fuel efficiency regulation without corresponding fuel and vehicle taxes only have minor CO₂ emission reduction effects and that policy measures need to be combined in order to achieve substantial emission reduction gains over time. The analysis shows that the highest level of impact is achieved by a combination regulatory and fiscal policies rather than only one policy even if this policy is more aggressive. When estimating the quantitative effect of fuel efficiency standards, vehicle and fuel tax, the analysis shows that substantial gains with regard to CO₂ emission are only achieved at a financial impact level above 500 Euros over a four year period.     

中国汽车发动机行业存在产业不安全因素及政策建议

汽车发动机是汽车的“心脏”,但目前中国并未掌握汽车发动机的核心技术,关键零部件大多为外方控制。外方独资、控股趋势明显,中国汽车发动机行业存在着诸多的产业不安全因素。文章分析了汽车发动机产业的不安全因素,并针对各种不安全因素,提出了一些政策建议,包括：鼓励自主研发;加大人才引进与培养;兼并重纽,做大做强;鼓励产品出口;防止外资并购排头兵企业等。     

汽车限购城市新能源汽车政策对比与分析

我国汽车限购城市目前有北京、上海、天津、广州、深圳、杭州以及海南省,是现阶段新能源汽车市场主体。各限购城市随着新能源汽车的不断推广,均已建立较完备但也具有差异化的新能源汽车发展政策体系。文章从各汽车限购城市市场现状出发,以发展目标、地方备案、指标配置、财政支持、差异路权五个维度,对比分析各汽车限购城市政策环境特点和趋势,得出各汽车限购城市在“十四五”期间仍有较大新能源汽车市场发展潜力,并且均有不断加严事中事后安全监管的趋势,在支持力度方面,北京、上海、天津、杭州仍将主要通过指标/路权的方式促进新能源汽车推广,广州、深圳主要通过指标和地方财政手段进一步推广新能源汽车。     

大型地铁枢纽施工期间 交通疏解问题研究

结合深圳市车公庙枢纽交通疏解工作的经 验,从交通疏解工作的要求出发,提出地铁枢纽施工期 间交通疏解工作的思路和方法,并有针对性地提出一 些具体交通疏解措施,包括区域交通疏解方案、片区交 通疏解方案和工点交通疏解方案。     

必要费率在经济船型论证和方案比选中的应用

必要费率是港口工程多方案项目经济比选方法之一。本文通过经济船型论证,介绍了必要运费率的计算过程,进而计算出综合必要费率并进行方案经济比选,从经济角度方面推荐合理的建设方案。