浅谈混凝土施工裂缝防治

在许多的情况下,混凝土裂缝经常出现,就其原因来说,归结于设计原因和施工原因、意外的运营使用原因三种,引起裂缝的原因中约有百分之八十来至施工,本文根据作者在多年的施工中发现的一些裂缝,略作浅析。     

浅谈钢筋混凝土桥梁耐久性、腐蚀病害及对策

通过对桥梁耐久性影响因素分析,认为钢筋腐蚀对桥梁耐久性影响最大。通过对钢筋腐蚀影响因数和腐蚀机理分析,提出预防钢筋腐蚀对策。     

大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥常见病害及防治对策

预应力砼连续箱梁桥裂缝产生的原因很多,本文对预应力混凝土箱梁桥在建设和运营过程中出现的一些主要裂缝进行了分析研究,并提出了预防裂缝的措施。     

TIG熔修提高船体钢焊接接头腐蚀疲劳抗力的研究

对经ＴＩＧ熔修和未经ＴＩＧ熔修的４５ｋｇ级船体钢焊接试样进行了全面模拟实船肥役条件的腐蚀疲劳实验研究。结果表明，按一定工艺规范熔修处理的焊接接头，其海水介质腐蚀疲劳抗力得到了显著的提高。     

时速350 km/h高速铁路客运专线防侧风问题的研究

强风对列车的作用力可导致高速列车翻车,武广铁路途径的区域有一大部分是东南沿海,为热带风暴的多发地区,所面临侧风危险较大,故防侧风问题成为武广高速铁路建设中一个重要的课题。通过风速最危险区域的确定和防侧风的措施的研究,以期达到防止侧风对高速铁路列车行车的影响,以保证高速客车运行的安全和稳定。     

Corrosion of working chains continuously immersed in seawater

Chains used in the offshore industry typically are exposed to continued high rates of corrosion, in part due to the working of the chain not permitting a build up of protective rusts. Herein, a procedure is described for estimating the corrosion loss of low-alloy steel chain under continued immersion corrosion conditions. The procedure is based on extensive recent investigations of the effects of water temperature, salinity, water velocity, and surface roughness on steel corrosion under field conditions. Since the working of the chain does not allow corrosion products (rust) to build up on the critical contact surfaces, erosion due to wear and abrasion can be estimated separately. Two example applications are given.     

察尔汗盐湖岩盐路基应力作用下溶蚀特性试验研究

为研究察尔汗盐湖岩盐路基在应力作用下的溶蚀特性,对察尔汗盐湖岩盐试样通过控制围压、轴向应变和溶蚀时间的方法,并采用位移加载方式,进行单轴和三轴压缩条件下的岩盐应力-溶蚀耦合效应的力学试验,得出了岩盐在应力作用下的溶蚀特性:(1)随着围压的增大,岩盐溶蚀质量呈现逐渐减小的趋势,即在岩盐收到较大侧向限制时,岩盐在上部荷载作用下产生了较小的塑性变形,减少了水溶液与岩盐的接触面积,从而使溶蚀速率减缓;(2)荷载作用下,岩体所产生的裂缝加大了水溶液与岩盐颗粒的接触面积,即在处理岩盐地基时需考虑减小岩盐地基岩体的孔隙。     

Prediction of hull girder moment-carrying capacity using kinematic displacement theory

The hull girder moment capacity of a very large crude oil carrier (VLCC) called Energy Concentration (EC), for which many benchmark studies have been carried out using the simple progressive collapse method (SPCM), is predicted. In this study, three approaches are used to represent the load-shortening behavior, so-called average compressive strength, of a stiffened panel, comprising the hull section: 1) kinematic displacement theory (KDT); 2) nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA); and 3) simple formulas in the common structural rule (CSR) for tankers. Load-shortening curves for various kinds of stiffened panels in EC are compared for five different scenarios with variations of load-shortening approaches and initial imperfections. In order to verify the effect of load-shortening on the prediction accuracy of the hull girder moment-carrying capacity, load-shortening curves are imported into an SPCM-based in-house program called Ultimate Moment Analysis of Damaged Ships (UMADS). Comparison of the hull girder ultimate strength for general heeling conditions, including hogging and sagging conditions, reveals that the load-shortening curves significantly affect the hull girder moment-carrying capacities. Based on our comparison of these capacities with other benchmark results, it is concluded that nonlinear FEA provided the most conservative results, KDT provided the second most conservative results, and the CSR formulas predicted the upper bound.     

Corrosion analysis of bulk carriers, Part I: operational parameters influencing corrosion rates

This paper considers the physical processes of corrosion that occur in bulk carriers. Three main types of corrosive environments are identified within a bulk carrier, namely, immersion in seawater, exposure to an enclosed atmosphere, and exposure to porous media. Fundamental variables influencing corrosion in each environment of the cargo hold region, ballast tanks and void spaces are identified. These serve to identify operational parameters that affect bulk carrier corrosion. It is proposed that such parameters can be used to obtain corrosion rate databases representative of vessel operation.     

长城有机型发动机冷却液试验研究

为检验有机羧酸型发动机冷却液的性能，对使用该冷却液的捷达CTX型轿车进行了8万km的道路试验。试验过程中对其理化指标、外观和气味、金属试片腐蚀情况、橡胶和树脂相容性能以及添加剂的损耗进行了测试。试验表明，全有机型冷却液中的腐蚀抑制剂在金属试片表面生成稳定的化学保护膜，可以在低pH值下为黑色金属提供足够的腐蚀抑制保护。