铁路隧道工程超前地质预报单项费用研究

铁路隧道工程超前地质预报是开展安全施工的重要保障,在隧道工程施工中得到了广泛的应用.但其所需费用仍包含在工程概算的安全生产费中.究竟如何单独计费,其费用构成和指标如何确定,研究的较少,尤其对各单项措施费用的研究更少.为此,此文针对超前地质预报计费现状进行分析,并对超前地质预报措施进行分类和阐述.在此基础上,对调查的市场价格、既有收费规定和定额法计算超前地质预报单项措施费进行分析,明确其工作内涵、费用组成及具体指标,并对费用归属和概算计列提出相关建议.     

铁路建设项目实施阶段甲供物资价差调整要点

铁道部对甲供物资管理颁布了有关管理办法及实施细则,但在实际操作中,特别是在甲供物资价差调整过程中存在设计与实际不符的各种现象和因素,给计价工作带来一定的难度。此文针对按《铁路基本建设工程设计概(预)算编制办法(》铁建设[2006]113号)编制概算及实施初步设计招标的项目,阐述建设项目实施阶段甲供物资价差调整的要点,对甲供物资调差中应注意的问题进行剖析,以期进一步完善和规范价差调整工作,为今后项目的甲供物资价差调整提供参考。     

上海黄浦江客运服务系统概念规划

在分析上海市世博交通运输市场以及黄浦江沿岸交通现状的基础上,以黄浦江两岸总体规划为背景,以《2010年上海世博会黄浦江客运交通组织研究》为依据,以世博交通体系设计为切入点,着眼水上通道的长远发展,阐释了构建可持续的黄浦江客运服务系统的观点,并针对世博会前、世博会期间、世博会后各阶段,提出相应的规划方案及具体实施意见,以支持黄浦江水上“客运通道 游憩走廊”的实现。     

Imperfect reversibility of air transport demand: Effects of air fare,fuel prices and price transmission

There are recent evidence that air transport demand may not have a perfectly reversible relationship with income and jet fuel prices, as is assumed in most demand models. However, it is not known if the imperfectly reversible effects of jet fuel price are a result of asymmetries in the supply side, i.e., asymmetries in cost pass through from fuel prices to air fare, or of demand side behavioral asymmetries whereby people value gains and losses differently. This paper uses US time series data and decomposes air fare and fuel price into three component series to develop an econometric model of air transport demand that is capable of capturing the potential imperfectly reversible relationships and test for the presence or absence of reversibility. We find that air transport demand shows asymmetry with respect to air fare, indicating potential imperfect reversibility in consumer behavior. We also find evidence of asymmetry and hysteresis in cost pass-through from jet fuel prices to air fare, showing rapid increases in airfare when fuel prices increases but a slower response in the opposite direction.     

Path-differentiated pricing in congestion mitigation

Instead of charging tolls on individual links, this paper considers doing the same on paths. Path and link tolls are “valid” if they encourage motorists to use routes that collectively lead to a target distribution, e.g., one that minimizes travel delay. Because the numbers of valid link and path tolls are typically infinite, an objective in pricing tolls is to find a set of valid tolls that yields the least revenue to lessen the financial burden on motorists.Path tolls are generally more flexible than link tolls and this paper shows that this flexibility can substantially reduce the financial burden on motorists. Additionally, valid path tolls yielding the least revenue possess characteristics with interesting policy implications. To determine these path tolls, it is natural to formulate the problem as a mathematical program with complementarity constraints. However, this paper also investigates alternative formulations that highlight the problem’s complexity and suggest ways to solve the problem efficiently.     

郑州市公交价格需求弹性研究

本文结合郑州市公交价格调整实际,研究并估算郑州市BRT、空调公交、全部地面公交的价格需求弹性,研究表明:郑州市地面公交价格需求弹性总体较小.最后分析了其他因素时郑州市公交需求的影响,并在规划、管理、服务等方面提出了城市公交发展的部分建议.     

关于公交价格补贴核算办法的研究

怎样正确核算公交价格补贴长期以来一直是政府对公交进行经济扶持的一个难点。本文以一般产品价格构成为起点，结合公交营运生产的实际，对这一难点进行了较为系统的研究，提出了一个较为科学实用的公交价格补贴核算办法，并对公交营运收入和千车公里成本等重要指标定额的确定进行了详细的分析。     

Public transport in towns - Inevitably on the decline?

Bus transport in Linköping, a town of 140?000 people, was strongly on the increase up to the beginning of the 1980s, when a negative trend-break occurred. A demand model is developed which explains both the ongoing decline and the preceding increase. Based on this model, it is examined whether a change of the current bus transport policy towards an optimal pricing and investment policy from a social point of view could evoke a new and positive trend-break. Taking current trends in the exogenous factors into account it would. However, this could depend on a possible revival of bicycling in towns.     

浅议道路运输行政处罚实施自由裁量权

对道路运输行政处罚实施自由裁量权的原则和主要内容等方面进行简要分析,并对实施自由裁量提出工作建议.     

铁路工程概算编制与材料价差清理若干问题的探讨

建设项目概算清理,涉及面广、政策性强,再加上材料价差调整,是项目建成收尾的一项重要工作.为保证甲供、自购物资设备数量统计的准确性、价格的合理性及概算清理的公平公正性,此文针对工程设计概预算编制中存在的主要问题进行分析.通过分析,提出可采取的对策与措施.并结合某铁路站前工程,论述甲供、自购物资调整价差的范畴、物资设备价差的计算、料费方案处理、甲供材料清单单价的分析,以及建设单位和设计单位应负的责任.