基于正装迭代法的斜拉桥二次调索计算方法研究

索力计算是斜拉桥二次调索的关键技术环节。文章以一座采用二次调索施工的斜拉桥为例,介绍了运用结合影响矩阵的正装迭代法计算斜拉桥二次调索施工索力的方法,并通过施工过程仿真分析,验证了该方法计算结果精确,能有效控制斜拉桥施工过程的内力与线形,确保设计成桥状态得以实现。     

Optimization of transport investment and pricing policies: the role of transport pricing in network design

This paper investigates the role of transport pricing in network design and describes two facts about flow pattern in a transportation system. The first, illustrated by an example of Braess paradox, is that adding a new link to the network does not necessarily minimize the total travel time. The second is that introducing of appropriate toll pricing may reduce not only the total network time but also the travel time for each individual traveller. It follows with the investigations of different system objectives and different pricing policies (only toll pricing and distance‐based pricing are considered), and shows how they affect the system performance and flow pattern. Lastly, a systematic optimization process is proposed for integrated planning of transport network and pricing policies.     

Large-scale evacuation network optimization: a bi-level control method with uncertain arterial demand

To improve the efficiency of large-scale evacuations, a network aggregation method and a bi-level optimization control method are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial sub-network and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining local road sub-networks. The bi-level optimization control method is developed to reconfigure the aggregated network from both supply and demand sides with contraflow and conflict elimination. The main purpose of this control method is to make the arterial sub-network to be served without congestion and interruption. Then, a corresponding bi-objective network flow model is presented in a static manner for an oversaturated network, and a Genetic Algorithm-based solution method is used to solve the evacuation problem. The numerical results from optimizing a city-scale evacuation network for a super typhoon justify the validity and usefulness of the network aggregation and optimization control methods.     

Real-time automatic rescheduling strategy for an urban rail line by integrating the information of fault handling

In the operation of urban rails, faults are inevitable, which leads to deviation between the actual timetable and the planned timetable. In nowadays, timetable rescheduling strategies rarely integrate the information of fault handling. In this paper, we develop a real-time automatic rescheduling strategy, which integrates the dynamic information of fault handling. The rescheduled timetable is obtained by a mathematical optimization model, the constraints set of which is automatically generated and adjusted as more information of fault handling is feedback. Compared with the experience-based rescheduling methods, the automatic rescheduling strategy reacts more quickly, and uses the information of fault handling more efficiently. A simulation system for testing the automatic rescheduling strategy is built, which uses the data of the Beijing Yizhuang metro line. Via testing on the simulation system, the effectiveness and efficiency of the automatic rescheduling strategy are validated.     

城市公交线路模态工况构建方法研究

采用GPS设备对西安城市公交典型线路的运行工况进行实测,分别运用瞬态转模态方法和多目标优化法构建出城市客车模态工况.以8个特征参数相对误差为标准,对两种方法的精度进行了对比研究.研究表明,两种方法均能有效地完成工况构建,其中多目标优化法精度最高,瞬态转模态方法简单快捷,从而为工况构建方法的选取提供了思路和数据验证.     

MPV白车身气密性工艺优化方法

白车身气密性是汽车行业普遍关注的技术点,本文重点研究了某MPV车型的白车身气密性,通过优化搭接结构和涂胶工艺,并利用气密性设备样车进行试验、实现了白车身的气密性提升.     

进气系统的优化设计

FSAE赛车发动机进气系统结构参数影响充气效率.文章利用软件FLUENT对进气系统模型进行流场仿真,分析进气系统流场压力、速度等参数分布规律,研究进气歧管流量分布的均匀性,到达优化进气系统的目的.     

FSAE赛车前悬架运动学仿真及参数优化

运用Catia软件建立某FSAE赛车前悬架三维模型,并将Catia中的坐标转换成Adams软件中的坐标,建立Adams前悬架模型.针对该FSAE赛车前悬架进行双轮跳动运动学仿真,并对悬架传递比和前轮定位参数进行参数优化.     

基于时空网络的铁路空车调配动态优化模型

为合理配置空车资源,研究了路局（公司）管内空车调配的动态优化问题。构建区分时段长度的时空网络,以准确描述车站作业能力的变化。借鉴运输问题（TP）的基本思想,通过引入空车供需约束,将动态空车调配问题转化为基于时空网络的多商品网络流问题。结合空车调配的特点,设置2组整数决策变量,将分界站排空与局（公司）管内配空分开考虑。设置0-1辅助变量构建车种代用约束。在此基础上,以总费用最小为目标,构建了空车调配动态优化的混合整数规划模型。以中国铁路昆明局集团有限公司管内空车调配为例,验证了模型的可行性与有效性。算例结果表明,与静态空车调配方法相比,构建的动态空车调配模型不仅降低了空车调配总成本,而且调配方案更加贴合实际。与现有动态空车调配方法相比,通过改变时空网络中时段的划分方式,降低了模型求解的复杂度,构建的模型在获取空车调配方案的同时能够更加直观的看出空车在不同时间的作业状态。     

面向大型活动的交通应急预案快速生成与动态优化方法

现阶段大型活动突发事件下的交通组织应急预案多依赖人工经验,缺少针对性和定量化应急措施。针对预案的快速匹配问题,提出利用交通应急预案库中的历史案例提取突发事件特征属性,基于案例推理和朴素贝叶斯分类快速生成初始预案,并依据贝叶斯分类算法所得后验概率选取属性不完备情况下的最佳匹配预案。在此基础上,基于改进的规则推理建立交通应急预案库知识库和规则库,并采用正向推理修改预案内容。为构建评价指标体系,基于模糊层次分析法对预案应急能力水平和突发事件严重程度进行模糊评价。以北京2022年冬奥会为仿真案件,试验结果表明该方法可以快速生成最佳匹配预案并完成动态调整与完善。