一种城市轨道交通便携式检票机

对一种便携式检票机的设计开发作详细介 绍,首先从总体出发设计主控模块、智能卡读写模块、 SAM 卡模块和 ZigBee 无线通信模块四大模块,并定义 各自功能与接口内容,然后对应用工作流程进行分析, 设计基于 ZigBee 无线组网技术构建的便携式检票机系 统,最后采用 WindowsCE 电源管理器实现电源管理方 案。详细介绍应用于城市轨道交通的便携式检票机的 各种功能,为便携式检票机的实际应用提供参考。     

Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

基于ITS的汽车主动避撞性关键技术研究(一)

利用信息感知、动态辨识、控制等技术与方法提高汽车的主动安全性，是智能交通系统（ITS）的主要研发内容之一。介绍了基于ITS的汽车主动避撞关键技术的研究工作，主要包括：车辆运动中对周围障碍物的感知技术方法；危险或安全状态的动态辨识；具有主动避撞性能的ACC（Adaptive Cruise Control）技术等；给出了相关技术研究的仿真及实验结果，并对该技术在我国的实用化前景进行了展望。     

液压半主动悬架的自适应神经网络控制

提出了液压半主动悬架系统的自适应神经网络控制策略 ,分析了系统模型及自适应神经网络控制器的设计和实现 ,并对控制效果进行了仿真研究。结果表明通过这种控制策略可以得到比较好的控制效果。     

多货物品种集装化运输的优化调度问题

用数学模型描述了供应商根据某一用户在各个不同时间段内对不同货物的需求量情况,利用各种不同型号的箱体进行分时段货物发送的问题。其最终目的是为了求得能够使运输成本和存储成本达到最小的货物发送方案,该问题是一个由批量问题和拼箱问题所组成的复合问题。就此问题,提出了一种三阶段算法。通过理论分析,该算法可以有效地解决此类问题。     

汽车导航用电子地图的高效路网模型

为了有效地描述实际道路网络，提高汽车导航系统的运行效率，建立了一种新的电子地图的路网模型。在分析了嵌入式系统特点的基础上，对路网的数据结构进行了简化。采用重整实体ID的方法，进一步提高了数据的处理效率。实践证明，该模型可以较好地表述实际的道路网络，结构精练，处理效率高，适合车载导航系统，特别是嵌入式车载导航系统的要求。     

CAN局域网及J1939协议在货车和客车上的运用

叙述了CAN总线网络的特点及J1939协议的原理、内容及协议的应用。并设计最小节点实现应用J1939协议的CAN局域网的数据通信功能。     

模糊神经网络在发动机失火故障诊断中的应用

利用模糊神经网络对发动机失火故障进行诊断,建立起了模糊神经网络控制模型,应用MATLAB软件对其进行训练及仿真,结果表明此控制方法是有效的、可行的。     

混合动力--未来城市公交的明星动力

本文阐述了目前国内外混合动力总成常用的几种方案,介绍了一种适合康明斯发动机的混合动力方案,展望了该动力总成的开发前景。