基于水运系统的超大型集装箱船经济可行性论证

集装箱船大型化带来的规模经济效益受到航运公司的空前关注,但是市场运营环境变化时超大型集装箱船是否具有经济性的问题却并未引起足够的重视.文章通过选择两种典型的集装箱船型,当市场环境因素变化时,对它们的经济可行性进行论证.文章提出的单位综合营运成本模型对以往文献提出的模型进行了比较大的改进,并在实例中进行应用,可作为航运公司船型优选的参考.文章结论表明超大型集装箱船在不同的市场环境条件下有不同的经济可行性.     

土木工程结构健康监测研究进展

阐述了实施土木工程结构健康监测的必要性,介绍了结构健康监测系统的内涵、组成、监控内容、监控系统功能及其工程应用,讨论了结构损伤检测中的两类方法,重点对损伤识别中的动力指纹法、模型修正法、神经网络法、遗传算法进行了分析和比较,阐述了健康监测领域今后的主要研究问题和发展方向.     

广州智能公共交通系统发展现状与展望

近年来,作为智能交通系统最重要组成部分之一的智能公共交通系统,在国内有了快速发展。通过介绍广州市目前公共交通存在的问题,提出了通过发展智能公共交通系统来解决问题的设想。结合广州目前已有的公共交通基础设施、智能公共交通子系统以及未来几年公共交通和社会交通模式快速变化的要求,对未来广州智能公共交通系统的发展进行了展望。     

Public perceptions of the use of dynamic message signs

Intelligent transportation systems have been promoted as a means to improve both the efficiency and safety of the road network. The effectiveness of advanced technologies in improving road safety has been an area of research which has thus far yielded mixed results. In order to ensure that advanced technologies deliver on their intended outcomes, more research has to be devoted to understanding road users' perceptions and reactions to these systems. This study examines drivers' perceptions of the use of dynamic message signs and their self‐reported reactions to the messages displayed. In general, drivers support the use of highway electronic boards for traffic incident reports and weather information which have an impact on traffic delays and level of service. They also think that it is a good idea to display road safety messages and to remind drivers to drive safely and be courteous on the roads. Moreover, most drivers reported that they do read and think about the messages displayed and react positively to some of the road safety messages.     

综合交通线网规划方案合理性评价内涵探讨

文章从合理性的一般哲学解释出发,论证出综合交通线网规划方案合理性存在的必然性,然后分别从多方式合理分工、各交通线路分阶段整体推进、交通线网投资实施总体控制、交通网络构建符合OD分布规律、以及线网规划目标考虑资源消耗限制等方面,深入分析合理的综合交通体系应具备的特征,并由此推荐系列评价指标集,从而为综合交通线网规划方案合理性评价提供理论依据。     

基于用地分析的公交站场布局规划研究

城市规模的不断扩大和城市化进程的加快使得大城市的交通问题日益突出,大力发展公共交通,是解决密集型大都市交通问题的有效办法。文章介绍广州市公交站场布局方法,分析存在问题的原因,为此类设施用地规划提供参考。     

A link-node complementarity model and solution algorithm for dynamic user equilibria with exact flow propagations

In this paper, we propose a link-node complementarity model for the basic deterministic dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) problem with single-user-class and fixed demands. The model complements link-path formulations that have been widely studied for dynamic user equilibria. Under various dynamic network constraints, especially the exact flow propagation constraints, we show that the continuous-time dynamic user equilibrium problem can be formulated as an infinite dimensional mixed complementarity model. The continuous-time model can be further discretized as a finite dimensional non-linear complementarity problem (NCP). The proposed discrete-time model captures the exact flow propagation constraints that were usually approximated in previous studies. By associating link inflow at the beginning of a time interval to travel times at the end of the interval, the resulting discrete-time model is predictive rather than reactive. The solution existence and compactness condition for the proposed model is established under mild assumptions. The model is solved by an iterative algorithm with a relaxed NCP solved at each iteration. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the proposed model and solution approach. We particularly show why predictive DUE is preferable to reactive DUE from an algorithmic perspective.     

Examining the influence of multidestination service orientation on transit service productivity: a multivariate analysis

Between 1990 and 2000, U.S. transit agencies added service and increased ridership, but the ridership increase failed to keep pace with the service increase. The result was a decline in service effectiveness (or productivity). This marks the continuation of a long-running and often-studied trend. The scholarly literature attributes this phenomenon, at least in part, to transit agency decisions to decentralize their service rather than focus on serving the traditional CBD market. Many scholars argue that a decentralized service orientation is both ineffective and inefficient because it attracts few riders and requires large per-rider subsidies. This research tests whether a non-traditional, decentralized service orientation, called multidestination service, results in reduced service productivity. Contrary to what the literature suggests, we find that MSAs whose transit agencies pursued a multidestination service orientation did not experience lower productivity. These results indicate that policies that have encouraged the growth of decentralized transit services have not necessarily been detrimental to the industry.

三维植被网护坡技术在哈同公路的应用

介绍了边坡生态防护技术和三维植被网护坡技术在哈同公路的应用。     

方格路网车辆路径在线选择模型及竞争分析

为分析城市方格路网遭遇突发性堵塞下的车辆路径选择问题,应用在线问题与竞争策略的方法建模,设计了2种在线路径选择竞争策略,即方向贪婪策略和多选择移动策略,计算了2种策略的竞争性能比。通过策略竞争分析得出:在发生突发性堵塞的情形下,方向贪婪策略下的费用为最优费用的3倍;利用多选择移动策略在对网络具有实际意义约束条件下的部分情形能够得到最优费用,且在最坏情形下的费用为最优费用的2倍;2种策略的竞争性能比优于以往研究给出的堵塞不可恢复问题竞争比的下界。