一类随机环境下带有随机延滞的时序模型的极限性状

提出了一个随机环境下带有随机延滞的时序模型Xn 1=fZn 1(Xn,…,Xn-Zn 1) εn 1(Zn 1),应用马氏链的随机稳定性理论,讨论了该模型的极限行为,给出了关于{Xn}以几何速率按某种方式收敛的一个充分条件。     

斜坡软弱地基填方工程研究

研究目的：为解决近年来在西南山区铁路工程实践中所遇到的斜坡软弱地基填方工程存在的易滑塌失稳的问题。 研究方法：通过大量相关专业文献的阅读，在前人研究的摹础上，较全面地回顾、评述了当前斜坡软弱地基填方工程的研究现状，包括斜坡软弱地基的定义、斜坡软弱地基的应力与变形特点、斜坡软弱地基填方工程安全性评价方法、斜坡软弱地基的试验分析及工程实践等，并就斜坡软弱地基填方工程的破坏模式、对上承结构的影响及合理失稳判据及工程措施的选择等阐明了自己的观点。 研究结论：斜坡软弱地基填方工程仍然是一个非常富有挑战性的课题，值得道路工程师进行更深入的研究。     

组合梁中的时效行为计算分析

采用按龄期调整的有效模量,结合有限单元步进法,提出一种计算组合梁中时效行为的方法。该方法通过迭代法计算与时间有关的混凝土收缩徐变及力筋松弛引起的预应力损失。应用这种分析方法,编制相应的计算程序,进行一个组合框架及一座两跨连续组合梁的时效行为分析。结果表明,混凝土的收缩、徐变以及预应力损失对组合梁的应力重分布影响很大。     

Effect of parking information on travelers' knowledge and behavior

In many urban centers the demand for parking increases sharply before Christmas mainly due to shopping activity — causing parking congestion. One way to ameliorate such congestion is by disseminating parking information. Informed drivers may divert to relatively under-utilized parking facilities relieving the pressure on congested facilities. The City of Nottingham in England tested a real-time parking information system designed to alleviate congestion in the City Center parking facilities. Real-time information was disseminated through the radio, while historical information regarding parking locations was disseminated through newspaper advertisements and leaflets. The objective of this study is to assess impacts of the parking information system on travelers' knowledge and decisions.Survey research was used to understand traveler response. Respondents' levels of knowledge regarding car parks were analyzed by developing Poisson regression models. Drivers were more likely to have greater knowledge of city center car parks if they used several information sources (radio broadcasts, newspaper advertisements or leaflets and word-of-mouth), were active seekers of parking information, and searched for parking rather than going directly to a parking facility. In addition, the study of behavior showed that drivers were more inclined to use the relatively under-utilized Park-and-Ride facilities instead of the city center car parks if they received parking information from Newspaper advertisements/leaflets. Overall, the parking information service in Nottingham was effective; it seems reasonable to establish such information dissemination and monitoring systems at parking facilities in other urban areas. Furthermore, to support informed travel and activity participation decisions, parking information should be integrated with traffic and transit information.     

Telecommuting and travel: state of the practice,state of the art

This paper provides an overview of the status of telecommuting in the United States, especially as it relates to changes in travel behavior. Regarding the state of the practice, the paper discusses some refinements to the definition of telecommuting that have developed through increased operational experience. It reports several policy statements involving telecommuting, and explores the appeal of telecommuting as a public policy instrument. It highlights some trends in the implementation of home-based and work center-based telecommuting, and suggests that visible public-sector involvement has been crucial to the increased activity in this area.In sketching the state of the art, the paper outlines some frequently-stated hypotheses on telecommuting and travel behavior, and summarizes current empirical findings relating to those hypotheses. Finally, it suggests a variety of topics suitable for further research. These include studying factors influencing the ultimate adoption levels of telecommuting; impacts on energy/air quality, mode choice, and location/urban form; interactions with other transportation demand management strategies; relationships to the traditional urban travel demand forecasting process; cost/benefit tradeoffs; and telecommuting centers.     

对等网络视频点播系统服务器流量模型

在流媒体服务研究领域,服务器流量是衡量系统性能的主要指标。P2PVoD系统中,用户作为视频资源的使用者和提供者,其行为模式对服务器流量产生较大影响。这一特点是以往其他流媒体系统所不具备的,而现有文献又缺乏对以上特点的研究分析及建模。本文以P2PVoD系统的实用网络测量数据为基础,研究用户行为模式与服务器流量的关系,建立用户行为的"时间性模式"模型,并由此推导出服务器流量与频道流行度及资源分布的关系模型,继而通过实测数据验证模型的合理性。最终确立了测评P2PVoD系统性能的模型,即服务器流量、用户规模(系统日用户数)、频道容量(系统总频道数)间的关系模型。此研究对于改善、提高P2PVoD系统性能具有理论和应用价值。     

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重点探讨校园交通稳静化问题，对3所大学校园内教职工及学生组共计371人进行了校园交通影响调查，结果表明：两组人群对机动车在校园内路边停车及行驶态度无差异（P>0.05），反对意见较明显；对是否限制机动车校园路边停放及行驶的稳静化措施两组亦无差异（P>0.05），显示支持倾向。     

考虑刚度退化的铁路低配筋混凝土桥墩抗震评估方法

根据已有试验结果,得到适用于铁路低配筋混凝土桥墩的荷载位移双折线模型.选取4类场地的320条实际地震记录,利用该双折线模型研究4类场地的强度折减系数谱值随桥墩屈服后刚度折减系数变化的规律.结果表明:在考虑桥墩屈服后刚度退化的情况下,强度折减系数谱值随桥墩屈服后刚度折减系数的增大而降低,说明低配筋混凝土桥墩屈服后的刚度退化越大,桥墩对地震的强度需求越大.通过对4类场地强度折减系数谱的统计分析,给出考虑刚度退化的三折线型强度折减系数谱以及据此的铁路低配筋混凝土桥墩抗震评估方法.     

机车用二系旁承橡胶堆结构分析

介绍了一种球面式圆形橡胶堆结构,通过对比其与平板式圆形橡胶堆的FEA分析结果及试验验证结果,表明了球面式圆形橡胶堆比平板式圆形橡胶堆有更好的垂向刚度与剪切刚度匹配性及更好的疲劳性能.     

沉积粉煤灰工程特性试验研究

粉煤灰作为地层时的工程特性研究较少,直接影响粉煤灰场地的勘察与设计.采用钻探、静力触探和十字板剪切试验相结合的方法研究湿排沉积粉煤灰层的工程特性.结果表明:沉积粉煤灰的静力触探曲线呈锯齿状,没有临界深度;锥尖阻力比粉质粘土和细砂小;侧壁摩阻力小于填筑粉质粘土、接近沉积粉质粘土、大于细砂;摩阻比小于填筑粉质黏土、大于沉积...