如何减轻车祸对行人的伤害

汽车安全越来越受到大家的关注,高新科技运用于汽车安全也越来越多,但人们的重点还是放在了车内驾乘人员的安全上,很少考虑交通事故中行人的安全问题。本文着重从行人的角度出发,通过分解撞击的过程,思考如何增大碰撞缓冲时间,来减少车祸对行人造成的伤害。     

格拉管道密闭输送-10 #轻柴油主要技术对策

阐述了地处高原寒区的格拉管道首次密闭输送-10 #轻柴油过程中对输送条件、油品物性、管输特性及输送过程所进行的分析比较,介绍了输送方案和主要技术对策,其中要点有设定的管路压力,流量与流速,工艺流程及控制方式,管道泄漏和进、出站压力突变,输油设施设备发生故障时的处置.实践证明,格拉管道利用每年7、8月份地温最高的有利时机密闭输送-10 #轻柴油是可行的,但输送压力、流量、节流压力等主要参数与输送-20 #、-35 #轻柴油不同,对输送参数和输送方案需做相应调整.     

独柱支承曲线连续梁桥预偏心距设计

针对独柱支承连续曲线梁桥的预偏心距设计存在的问题,采用数值模拟方法分别对不同曲率半径的独柱支承曲线连续梁桥的中支点合理预偏心距设置问题进行了研究。独柱支承曲线连续梁桥中支点预偏心距的设计不仅要考虑主梁扭矩的分布,同时还要考虑主梁的扭转角位移、主梁端部支承反力是否受拉等因素。不同曲率半径的独柱支承曲线连续梁桥的中支点预偏心距确定时,所考虑因素的侧重点也不相同。     

小净间距交叉隧道振动规律试验研究

随着国家路网建设规模的不断扩大,铁路、公路隧道出现近接平行、交叉的现象越来越普遍.受地形等因素的影响,交叉隧道的净间距也在不断减小,由此产生的工程问题逐渐变得复杂.文章以丹大铁路中的草莓沟2#隧道为例(该隧道下穿盘道岭公路隧道),开展6种不同加载工况下的振动台试验,输入地震波峰值分别为0.1 g、0.15 g、0.2 ...     

基于相空间重构与LSSVM的交通流量预测

针对仅利用欧氏距离不能准确反映相空间中相点间的相似性大小,提出一种改进预测模型,该模型同时考虑相点间的欧氏距离和相似性来选取邻近点。在对交通流量时间序列进行相空间重构后,运用最小二乘支持向量机分别对不同方法得到的邻近点进行训练,并对未来时段的交通流量进行了多步预测。实际案例的预测结果表明,改进方法比一般方法具有更好的适应能力和预测精度。     

爆破振动下小净距隧道围岩的力学行为分析

文章运用数值分析计算软件,对小净距隧道中既有隧道受邻近隧道爆破震动影响的动力响应特性进行分析,得出了爆破地震波作用下,隧道周边围岩应力、位移和振动速度的分布规律,为小净距隧道的设计与安全施工提供科学依据。     

上海南站的综合交通换乘系统

详细介绍了铁路上海南站综合交通枢纽的总体布局和换乘系统,包括铁路与城市轨道交通、道路公交、出租车、自行车、私人小汽车、长途汽车、社会车辆之间,轨道交通与道路交通之间的各种换乘流线与换乘距离。通过分析比较得出:上海南站在换乘的布局设计上比既有的大型铁路客站有很多改进,但与国外优秀的交通枢纽布局设计相比仍有一些不足,主要是没有充分利用铁路股道下面的空间进行立体换乘。目前,我国城市交通枢纽尤其是城市综合交通枢纽的换乘问题日益突出,而枢纽换乘质量的关键取决于其布局设计方案的质量,该案例的分析结果对我国综合交通枢纽系统的布局规划设计有参考意义。     

建立高效的城市快速路骨架网

指出中国城市目前交通严重堵塞的病症在于指导思想的错误;提出解决目前及将来的城市交通的有效方法就是建立城市快速路骨架网。     

公路小净距段隧道中夹岩稳定问题与施工控制措施

小净距隧道是介于分离式隧道和连拱隧道之间的一种特殊结构形式,目前在国内已有较多成功经验,具有较高的安全性和经济性.受制于环保和用地等因素,小净距隧道的应用将会越来越广泛.本文结合金鸡山隧道建设工程,从开挖方式选择、小净距段相互影响性划分、爆破控制、中夹岩加固等方面总结设计和施工方面的经验,并根据金鸡山隧道的实际情况,提...     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.