改革开放40年我国交通运输政府管理创新实践与经验

为总结交通运输政府管理创新经验启示,从大交通的视角,运用规范研究与实证分析相结合的方式,系统分析了新中国成立特别是改革开放后,我国经济体制市场化改革不断深入,交通运输政府管理在理念职能、行政方式与体制机制方面不断创新,由最初的政事企合一、高度统一的计划经济管理模式,经历从突破计划经济管理模式,到逐步建立适应市场经济的管理架构,再到以推进综合交通运输思路改革完善政府管理,最终向行业治理体系和治理能力现代化迈进的历史过程。总结经验可以看到,我国交通运输政府管理在不同发展阶段,面对不同的发展环境和复杂问题,应变而变、适时而变、持续创新,激发了市场活力,不断释放、扩大和提高交通运输生产力,对于推动交通运输快速发展发挥了重大作用。     

Design and model test of a soft-connected lattice-structured floating solar photovoltaic concept for harsh offshore conditions

Various types of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) devices have been previously proposed, designed and constructed with applications primarily limited to onshore water bodies or near-shore regions with benign environmental conditions. This paper proposes a novel FPV concept which can survive harsh environmental conditions with extreme wave heights above 10 m. This concept uses standardised lightweight semi-submersible floats made of circular materials as individual modules. The floating modules are soft connected with ropes to form an FPV array. We first present the conceptual design of the floats and the connection systems, including hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and structural assessments of the floats. To verify the motion response performance, we carried out 1:60 scaled model tests for a 2 by 3 array under regular and irregular wave conditions. From the time series and response spectra, the motion characteristics of the array and the mooring responses are analysed in detail. The proposed concept exhibits excellent performances in terms of modular motions with limited wave overtopping and no contact is observed between adjacent modules under the extreme wave conditions. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference to developing reliable and cost-effective FPV technologies for offshore conditions.