水泥稳定碎石混合料施工防离析技术研究

根据水泥稳定碎石混合料基层施工的现场资料,对施工时产生的离析现状和成因进行了分析,并提出解决和缓解的对策,对提高水泥稳定碎石混合料的施工质量有一定的工程意义。     

超薄层沥青路面摊铺工艺中的抗离析研究

通过分析超薄层摊铺工艺,论述了超薄层摊铺机施工工艺的特点和要求;根据对沥青路面罩面层的特殊要求,提出了在施工过程中混合料的运输、摊铺、压实和机械结构的改进措施,从而减轻了混合料的离析现象,改善了混合料的均匀性,提高了路面的平整度和质量。     

Residential density and transportation emissions: Examining the connection by addressing spatial autocorrelation and self-selection

This paper examines the effect of residential density on CO₂ equivalent from automobile using more specific emission factors based on vehicle and trip characteristics, and by addressing problems of spatial autocorrelation and self-selection. Drawing on the 2006 Puget Sound Regional Council Household Activity Survey data, the 2005 parcel and building database, the 2000 US Census data, and emission factors estimated using the Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator, we analyze the influence of residential density on road-based transportation emissions. In addition, a Bayesian multilevel model with spatial random effects and instrumental variables is employed to control for spatial autocorrelation and self-selection. The results indicate that the effect of residential density on transportation emissions is influenced by spatial correlation and self-selection. Our results still show, however, that increasing residential density leads to a significant reduction in transportation emissions.     

沥青混合料离析成因及控制措施

沥青混合料的离析是导致沥青路面出现早期损坏的主要因素。配合比设计、集料加工及堆放、混合料拌和、运输、摊铺等环节均有可能产生离析。分析沥青混合料离析的成因,并提出相应的防治离析的技术措施,有一定的实际意义。     

G03气缸套离心铸造云斑偏析的质量放行标准的实践

云斑偏析是离心铸造气缸套常见的铸造缺陷,国家专业标准中对其进行了严格的等级分类。本文在参照相关专业技术标准的基础上,结合本人多年的工作经验,以G03气缸套为例,提出了该型气缸套云斑偏析缺陷质量验收的控制标准,给离心铸造气缸套质量验收提供更科学、更严密、更实际的依据。     

Travel mode choice: affected by objective or subjective determinants?

This contribution presents theoretical considerations concerning the connections between life situation, lifestyle, choice of residential location and travel behaviour, as well as empirical results of structural equation models. The analyses are based on data resulting from a survey in seven study areas in the region of Cologne. The results indicate that lifestyles influence mode choice, although slightly, even when life situation is controlled for. The influence of life situation on mode choice exceeds the influence of lifestyle. The influence that lifestyle, and in part also life situation, has on mode choice is primarily mediated by specific location attitudes and location decisions that influence mode choice, respectively. Here objective spatial conditions as well as subjective location attitudes are important.

Modeling residential sorting effects to understand the impact of the built environment on commute mode choice

This paper presents an examination of the significance of residential sorting or self selection effects in understanding the impacts of the built environment on travel choices. Land use and transportation system attributes are often treated as exogenous variables in models of travel behavior. Such models ignore the potential self selection processes that may be at play wherein households and individuals choose to locate in areas or built environments that are consistent with their lifestyle and transportation preferences, attitudes, and values. In this paper, a simultaneous model of residential location choice and commute mode choice that accounts for both observed and unobserved taste variations that may contribute to residential self selection is estimated on a survey sample extracted from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area household travel survey. Model results show that both observed and unobserved residential self selection effects do exist; however, even after accounting for these effects, it is found that built environment attributes can indeed significantly impact commute mode choice behavior. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the model findings for policy planning.

新型搅拌运输车及其搅拌罐体设计

目前混凝土搅拌运输车上装的装载质量越来越大,运输距离和运送时间也有越来越长的趋势。这种状态势必造成搅拌质量的严重下降,产生离析、混凝土变质,从而满足不了用户对混凝土使用质量的要求。目前市场上在用的梨形自身转动结构已越来越难以满足快速发展的需求,也一直是生产搅拌车的企业及其从业人员所困扰的问题。为此,详细介绍了一种新型罐体结构,以满足装载物料多、运距长且不会产生混凝土沉淀和离析的设计方案。     

沥青混合料离析的评价模型与评价标准

采用颗粒力学的基本理论分析了颗粒相互作用时的运动规律,以沥青混合料堆积形成的休止角建立沥青混合料离析模型,推导出沥青混合料的离析势能指数计算公式,开发了沥青混合料离析测定仪,测定了贝雷设计法公称最大粒径16 mm的离析势能指数,并通过试验提出公称最大粒径16 mm的沥青混合料离析标准。试验结果表明:在CA0.5级配附近,沥青混合料的压实比约为0.40,离析势能指数约为0.200,两者都存在一个最小值,且沥青混合料具有良好的压实性和工作稳定性,在施工过程不易发生离析,依据评价标准将沥青混合料离析划分为无离析、轻微离析、中等离析和严重离析,该评价模型和评价标准可用于沥青混合料离析的现场检测和判别。     

Phase Behaviors in Bi-phase Simulation of Powder Segregation in Metal Injection Molding

Powder segregation induced by mold filling is an important phenomenon that affects the final quality of metal injection molding （MIM）. The prediction of segregation in MIM requires a bi-phase flow model to describe distinctly the flows of metallic powder and polymer binder. Viscous behaviors for the flows of each phase should hence be determined. The coefficient of interaction between the flows of two phases should also be evaluated. However, only viscosity of the mixed feedstock is measurable by capillary tests. Wall sticking is supposed in the traditional model for capillary tests, while the wall slip is important to be taken into account in MIM injection. Objective of the present paper is to introduce the slip effect in bi-phase simulation, and search the suitable way to determine the viscous behaviors for each phase with the consideration of wall slip in capillary tests. Analytical and numerical methods were proposed to realize such a specific purpose. The proposed method is based on the mass conservation between the capillary flows in mono-phase model for the mixed feedstock and in bi-phase model for the flows of two phases. Examples of the bi-phase simulation in MIM were realized with the software developed by research team. The results show evident segregation, which is valuable for improving the mould designs.