基于移动通信计费模式的高速公路收费信息系统

目前联网高速公路收费信息系统中只有车辆的人口、出口站点信息，缺少车辆的行驶路径信息，收费信息系统中的路径确认采用最短路法，这与高速公路网交通流的实际分布情况存在一定的偏差，并且偏差随着联网规模的扩大逐步增大。为了满足高速公路联网收费管理的需要，借鉴现代移动通信系统计费模式，通过车辆射频识别技术与标识站路径确认方法的实现，将高速公路收费信息系统改为基于现代移动通信系统计费模式的高速公路收费信息系统。     

道路因素对道路交通安全的影响分析

道路交通事故威胁着每个交通参与者，而相关部门对交通事故成因的分析统计中，很少提及道路因素。为此，通过对道路因素引发交通事故的影响分析，以引起有关部门在分析交通事故成因、研究治理措施时给予高度重视。     

灰关联分析法评价再生沥青混合料路用性能

结合沥青路面维修工程中产生的废旧沥青混合料,选用符合技术要求的矿料和再生剂,生产出满足使用要求的再生沥青混合料.引用灰色关联法,分析了再生沥青混合料的高低温性能、水稳定性与各技术指标的关系,从而找出了主要的影响因素.并针对AC-20I型级配类型,确定了再生沥青混合料的最佳空隙率为3.5%～4.5%.试验结果表明,空隙率、沥青含量和密度对再生沥青混合料路用性能影响很大.在设计过程中和实际生产时,以上三项指标应成为主控因素,这对延长路面使用寿命是有意义的.     

高速公路路政管理信息化解决方案

高速公路路政管理工作对于保障公路畅通、维护高速公路的路产路权有重要意义。将信息技术应用于高速公路路政管理工作中,建立一套科学、规范、高效的路政管理系统是目前高速公路路政管理信息化建设的趋势。本文就如何建立高速公路路政管理信息系统进行探讨,并提出一套整体的信息化解决方案。     

Weather and road geometry impact on longitudinal driving behavior: Exploratory analysis using an empirically supported acceleration modeling framework

The objective of this paper is to quantify and characterize driver behavior under different roadway geometries and weather conditions. In order to explore how a driver perceives the rapidly changing driving surrounding (i.e. different weather conditions and road geometry configurations) and executes acceleration maneuvers accordingly, this paper extends a Prospect Theory based acceleration modeling framework. A driving simulator is utilized to conduct 76 driving experiments. Foggy weather, icy and wet roadway surfaces, horizontal and vertical curves, and different lane and shoulder widths are simulated while having participants driving behind a yellow cab at speeds/headways of their choice. After studying the driving trends observed in the different driving experiments, the extended Prospect Theory based acceleration model is calibrated using the produced trajectory data. The extended Prospect Theory based model parameters are able to reflect a change in risk-perception and acceleration maneuvering when receiving different parameterized exogenous information. The results indicate that drivers invest more attention and effort to deal with the roadway challenges compared to the effort to deal with the weather conditions. Moreover, the calibrated model is used to simulate a highway segment and observe the produced fundamental diagram. The preliminary results suggest that the model is capable of capturing driver behavior under different roadway and weather conditions leading to changes in capacity and traffic disruptions.     

The limits of partial life cycle assessment studies in road construction practices: A case study on the use of hydrated lime in Hot Mix Asphalt

Extensive published literature shows that hydrated lime improves Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) durability. Its impact on the environmental impact of HMA has not been investigated. This paper presents a comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for the use of HMA without hydrated lime (classical HMA) and with hydrated lime (modified HMA) for the lifetime of a highway. System boundaries cover the life cycle from cradle-to-grave, meaning extraction of raw materials to end of life of the road. The main assumptions were: 1. Lifetime of the road 50 years; 2. Classical HMA with a life span of 10 years, maintenance operations every 10 years; 3. Modified HMA with an increase in the life span by 25%, maintenance operations every 12.5 years. For the lifetime of the road, modified HMA has the lowest environmental footprint compared to classical HMA with the following benefits: 43% less primary total energy consumption resulting in 23% lower emissions of greenhouse gases. Partial LCAs focusing only on the construction and/or maintenance phase should be used with caution since they could lead to wrong decisions if the durability and the maintenance scenarios differ. Sustainable construction technologies should not only consider environmental impact as quantified by LCA, but also economic and social impacts as well. Avoiding maintenance steps means less road works, fewer traffic jams and hence less CO₂ emissions.     

The cumulative effect of nuisances from road transportation in residential sectors on the Island of Montreal – Identification of the most exposed groups and areas

Air pollution and road traffic noise are considered to be the two most important nuisances that could negatively affect the quality of life. A prolonged exposure to high concentrations of these pollutants could conduct to various health problems. Studies in environmental equity have often considered these nuisances individually whenever it comes from the same source. The main objective of this paper is to determine if the 15 years of age, those aged 65 and over, visible minorities and low income individuals located in a portion of the Island of Montreal are overrepresented in city blocks characterized by having among the highest levels of transportation-related air pollutants (i.e., ambient concentrations of NO₂ and road traffic noise in decibels (dB(A)). The results show that low-income individuals and, to a lesser extent, visible minorities, are significantly overrepresented in city blocks characterized by the higher levels of NO₂ and road traffic noise in dB(A). Multinomial logistic regression analysis confirms these results, and also shows that young people under 15 years are under-represented in the most polluted areas. However, contrary to the previous bivariate results, people aged 65 and over are negatively and significantly associated with the likelihood of their living in a city block located in an advantaged area after controlling for the independent effects of the other explanatory variables. Moreover, visible minorities are significantly overrepresented in advantaged areas. Considering the observed results, some solutions are identified to reduce road traffic noise and air pollution in the city blocks localized near major traffic arteries.     

Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative in the Indian subcontinent under future port development scenarios

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is twofold: the first is to assess the extent to which current port development initiatives contribute to securing the status of the Port of Colombo as a regional transshipment (T/S) hub to serve the Indian subcontinent; and the second is to generate plausible future development scenarios for the maritime industry in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). A scenario analysis method is applied to examine the past trends and to build future development scenarios. The results showed that major Indian ports have experienced a significant growth in cargo volumes and vessel traffic. South and East Indian coastal ports continue to use the Port of Colombo as a T/S port in tandem with the corridors connected to the Indian Ocean. Scenario analysis highlights the growing importance of BRI-centric land-based economic corridors, which would generate a large amount of cargos from hinterlands up to China. This would be further fueled through the Great Mekong region-driven industrialization, which would add to the west-bound maritime cargo volume. The paper concludes that the increased capital influx from China would more likely to result in a substantial development of the present port and road/rail infrastructure in Sri Lanka.     

区域化联动战略在道路客运企业中的应用研究

文章在分析区域化联动对于道路客运企业巨大推动作用的基础上,就客运企业实施区域化联动基本构想进行了探讨,以期为道路客运企业积极应对日益加剧的铁路运输竞争压力,顺利完成道路客运业结构的调整提供借鉴。     

道路运输行政执法中的行政强制问题研究

阐述了行政强制的基本概念、设定依据和种类,并针对道路运输行业管理的实际,分析《行政强制法》对道路运输管理的影响及在道路运输行政执法中行政强制的应用问题,着力解决道路运输行政执法难问题。