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机场运营效率评价及影响因素分析对科学反映中国主要民用机场运营效率现状,实现中国民航业可持续发展,提高中国机场国际竞争力具有重要意义.本研究首先利用双重导向型DEA模型测算2006-2010年中国27个主要民用机场的运营效率,然后从宏观环境、行业与区域竞争及机场特征三个方面探索机场运营效率的影响因素.研究结果表明,2006-2010年中国主要民用机场的运营效率基本维持在较高水平;各机场的运营效率自2008年始均有不同程度的下降,且机场间运营效率的差异呈现逐年增大的趋势;腹地经济、机场规模、机场级别和一市多场等因素促进了机场运营效率的提升;区域竞争和行业竞争则不利于机场运营效率的提升.     

中国高技术产业创新效率实证研究--基于面板随机效应Tobit模型的估计

采用三阶段DEA模型测度出中国高新技术产业17个行业的平均创新效率,并将其分解为配置效率和研发效率。在此基础上得出我国高技术产业的创新效率的特点：第一,平均创新效率较低主要是由于低配置效率所导致;第二,同时发现我国高新技术产业研发效率主要受制于低规模效率。第三,高技术产业当前推动研发效率提升的同时却是以配置效率的下降为代价。因此,应注重发挥市场对于资源的配置效率,做到研发效率与配置效率的权衡,从而确保效率最大化。     

Measuring production and consumption efficiencies using the slack‐based measure network data envelopment analysis approach: the case of low‐cost carriers

One of the most important outcomes of the deregulation of air transportation policy is the emergence of low‐cost carriers (LCCs) around the world. Although LCC airlines have been in operation for more than 30 years, not every LCC is successful. In order to reduce the inefficiencies of LCCs, this paper measures the performance of LCCs by using slack‐based measure network data envelopment analysis. This model combines both the production process with input orientation and the consumption process with output orientation into a unified model. Furthermore, envelopment map analysis LCCs are performed to determine the reasons for the LCCs' inefficiency and how improvements can be made. A sample of 16 low‐cost airlines from Europe, the USA, and Asia were selected for operational performance analysis. The results show that the main reason for easyJet's, US Airways', and Virgin Blue's inefficiency is production inefficiency, so these LCCs should reduce their input quantities to increase efficiency. Jet2, Aer Lingus, and JetBlue were, by contrast, found to be consumption inefficient; these LCCs should increase their output quantities in order to enhance performance. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.