预应力钢板环箍加固设计和施工

利用钢材的热胀冷缩原理,通过箍板降温回缩对加固柱混凝土产生预压应力,使核芯混凝土处于三向受压状态,从而有效提高混凝土强度和变形能力。用形状改变比能理论对混凝土三向受压进行受力分析,对预应力加固缀板进行详细设计,并进行施工、检测并从中得到的经验。     

多功能长平移管片拼装机的设计

管片拼装机是盾构掘进过程中,将开挖好的隧道表面用预制混凝土管片拼装成圆形隧道的机构。基于长距离隧道掘进中盾尾刷失效不易更换的问题,文章在分析其工作原理及功能结构的基础上,提出了一种具有长平移、360°回转,以及能实现管片六自由度运动功能的拼装机,并用有限元法校核了关键部件的强度。     

合裕线湖区航道尺度的计算分析

根据合裕线航道整治工程中湖区航道特点,分析了影响湖区航道尺度计算的各种因素,提出在设计代表船型（船队）选定后,湖区航道尺度应重点考虑航行漂角、船舶交会时船吸现象、船舶航行下沉量和风浪变化等因素,可为湖区航道整治工程设计提供参考依据。     

地震作用对盾构隧道管片张开量的影响及预测北大核心CSCD

为探索地震作用对盾构隧道管片张开量的影响,借助数值分析软件,分析典型工程在不同方向地震作用下管片张开量的分布规律。基于计算结果,对地震加速度与地震引起的管片张开量进行归一化处理,结合现有的管片张开量计算公式,提出了不同埋深隧道在地震作用下管片最大张开量预测方法。研究表明:地震作用对盾构管片环缝张开量有显著的影响,管片最大张开量的最大增幅为16%,平均张开量的最大增幅为27%;地震烈度为8度以下的区域,在静、动荷载作用下,盾构隧道管片抗震加固范围主要在工作井附近3~5环;地震烈度为8度及以上的高地震烈度区,应沿隧道轴向对环缝接头进行抗震加固。与数值计算结果对比表明,提出的考虑地震作用的管片最大张开量计算方法具备一定合理性。     

Exploring Public Knowledge,Attitudes, and Perceptions of the Marianas Trench Marine National Monument

With the increase in development of large marine protected areas (LMPAs) worldwide, there have been calls from social scientists to gather better empirical information about the human dimensions of LMPAs. Of the social research done on LMPAs to date, most has focused on the perceptions of stakeholders closely connected to their implementation, and little research has explored the general public's response. This paper presents the results of a phone survey conducted in the US territories of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to assess residents' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of the Marianas Trench Marine National Monument—a LMPA designated offshore in 2009. The survey was administered in 2012 to 500 randomly-selected residents from each territory. Findings suggest: (1) public awareness of the Monument prior to the survey was low; (2) residents generally supported designation of the Monument; (3) most residents did not believe that the Monument would affect them or their community; and (4) knowledge and perceptions of the Monument varied between fishing and non-fishing households. This research illustrates that awareness and views differ between stakeholders and those of the general public, which should be used to inform social research on LMPAs and outreach for LMPA managers.     

盾构空推拼管片过矿山法隧道渗漏水控制

文章通过深圳地铁2号线2222标侨-香区间盾构空推拼管片过矿山法隧道段的施工,从空推拼管片渗漏水机理分析入手,分析其渗漏水的控制难点,有针对性地提出了解决办法。在施工实践中,本标段的渗漏水点、堵漏次数均得到有效地控制,收到了良好的效果。     

Three Dimensional Numerical Simulation Study on the Tensile Test of the Embedded Components in Segment Joints of Deep Buried Storage and Drainage Shield Tunnels北大核心CSCD

The numerical simulation was carried out based on tensile test of the embedded components in segment joints of the deep buried storage and drainage shield-driven tunnel in Shanghai in order to study the numerical approach for mechanical analysis of segment joints of the tunnel. Using the concrete damage plasticity model and nonlinear springs, the 3D refined numerical model was established, in which the embedded components with complex geometries and the bond-slip behaviors between the concrete and bars were taken into consideration. Three kinds of embedded component models with different degrees of refinement were established and simply loaded. By comparing the calculation results and considering the spent time and the accuracy of calculation, the simplified form of the embedded components used in the overall model was determined. Nonlinear springs between anchor bars and concrete were set in the model in order to simulate the bond-slip behavior between them. In addition, two contrast models were also established using binding constraint and face-face contact constraint between concrete and anchor bars respectively. The three types of models were loaded in accordance with the test conditions. Comparing the results of the numerical calculation with the test results, it is shown that the "nonlinear spring model", which takes the bond-slip behavior into consideration, is more consistent with the test results than the "face to face contact model" and "binding model". And the model also reflects the failure mode very well. It indicates that the three dimensional refined modeling method used in this paper is applicable for similar tensile tests. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于GA的大型船舶制造企业风险管理研究

介绍了运用遗传算法（GA）解决实际问题通常包括的步骤。探讨了散货船船体吊装顺序优化,建立了在给定周期下实现成本最小的目标函数,提出了一种改进GA来求解全局最优或者次优的装配顺序,采用了整数编码、单点交叉方法和新的变异方式。采用了最小偏差法,构造了FPSO船型优化的统一目标函数,采用了实数编码,以容量最大、造价最小为目标进行了多目标优化。     

船舶主尺度方案的博弈优选

优化选择的船舶主尺度方案需要具有较好的经济性、技术性能,而博弈论是研究解决、优化决策选择的科学,根据船舶主尺度方案优选问题与经济学中博弈问题之间的相似性,从博弈的观点确定了船舶设计中的博弈方及其对应的策略空间,即各设计目标视为博弈问题博弈方;设计变量集合视为所有博弈方的战略集组合,从而提出了船舶主尺度方案优选设计问题的博弈方法。通过实例应用表明,合作博弈论方法能更好地综合反映设计目标的要求,优选结果更加合理。     

4990载重吨原油轮快速性研究及船模试验

分析了在一定的设计条件下,船舶主尺度变化对阻力性能的影响,揭示出在设计状态下船舶阻力的基本特征,提出了优化本船快速性的有效措施,并通过研究船模试验结果,对开发船型的阻力性能进行了验证。