京张高铁东花园长大明挖隧道衬砌结构变形特征研究

为解决长大明挖高铁隧道施作衬砌结构时养护不充分、拆模较早等引起的衬砌结构容易裂缝问题,防止衬砌结构在自重应 力作用下对隧道运营期的防水及结构安全造成影响,基于京张高铁东花园长大明挖隧道工程,采用有限元分析和在衬砌结构典型 断面上的拱肩、拱腰不同位置布设钢筋计、混凝土应变计、土压力计、表面应变计,对衬砌结构的内力变形进行现场监测。分析得 出: 衬砌结构容易出现塑性应变的位置是拱腰处大于拱肩处,裂纹均出现在1/2 截面附近的矮边墙以上及起拱线以下位置,且均为 环向裂纹;对于矮边墙以上、起拱线以下的混凝土来说,其降温产生的收缩变形会受到矮边墙钢筋剪力的约束,使其不能发生水平 位移。最后,给出控制衬砌结构受力变形和加快施工进度的建议。     

堤防结构“自适应”混凝土衬砌数值模拟

针对堤防混凝土衬砌在外部荷载(水压力、浪压力以及其他荷载)发生破坏且其破坏位置主要发生在衬砌底部1/3处的问题,进行了对比分析研究,提出一种"自适应"的混凝土衬砌方式。采用有限元软件ADINA模拟在衬砌受力最大部位设置填充缝及填充柔性材料等方式削减应力,从而达到衬砌自身适应外部荷载变形的作用。结果表明:"自适应"衬砌方式不仅可以有效减小堤防的应力、应变,而且是一种实用简单可行的方法。     

Three Dimensional Numerical Simulation Study on the Tensile Test of the Embedded Components in Segment Joints of Deep Buried Storage and Drainage Shield Tunnels北大核心CSCD

The numerical simulation was carried out based on tensile test of the embedded components in segment joints of the deep buried storage and drainage shield-driven tunnel in Shanghai in order to study the numerical approach for mechanical analysis of segment joints of the tunnel. Using the concrete damage plasticity model and nonlinear springs, the 3D refined numerical model was established, in which the embedded components with complex geometries and the bond-slip behaviors between the concrete and bars were taken into consideration. Three kinds of embedded component models with different degrees of refinement were established and simply loaded. By comparing the calculation results and considering the spent time and the accuracy of calculation, the simplified form of the embedded components used in the overall model was determined. Nonlinear springs between anchor bars and concrete were set in the model in order to simulate the bond-slip behavior between them. In addition, two contrast models were also established using binding constraint and face-face contact constraint between concrete and anchor bars respectively. The three types of models were loaded in accordance with the test conditions. Comparing the results of the numerical calculation with the test results, it is shown that the "nonlinear spring model", which takes the bond-slip behavior into consideration, is more consistent with the test results than the "face to face contact model" and "binding model". And the model also reflects the failure mode very well. It indicates that the three dimensional refined modeling method used in this paper is applicable for similar tensile tests. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

盾构空推拼管片过矿山法隧道渗漏水控制

文章通过深圳地铁2号线2222标侨-香区间盾构空推拼管片过矿山法隧道段的施工,从空推拼管片渗漏水机理分析入手,分析其渗漏水的控制难点,有针对性地提出了解决办法。在施工实践中,本标段的渗漏水点、堵漏次数均得到有效地控制,收到了良好的效果。     

隧道二衬结构安全性评估及改进方案

为解决较长段深埋隧道二衬钢筋缺失情况下结构安全性问题,基于破损阶段法理论,运用ANSYS有限元软件建模分析隧道二衬结构受力情况,综合分析隧道埋深、围岩级别、围岩水平竖直荷载、初支二衬荷载分担比,并引入结构抗拉抗压安全系数来评定二衬结构安全状况,计算出隧道断面各点处弯矩值、轴力值,进而得出钢筋缺失段安全系数.以石家庄地区...     

基于变形稳定时间统计的挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时机研究

为获取挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时间，使二次衬砌施作可操作性更强，以变形速率限值为基础，对412个挤压性围岩隧道断面变形量测数据进行拟合和统计分析，得出不同变形等级的变形稳定时间范围值和施工期分阶段二次衬砌施作时机预测方法。具体结论为： 1)提出了基于变形速率判据的变形稳定时间预测方法，通过最优指数函数曲线拟合，实现稳定阶段变形量u稳和最终稳定时间t′稳的预测； 2)通过统计分析，确定了不同变形等级、不同跨度条件下变形稳定时间t′稳范围值，用于设计阶段初步拟定二次衬砌施作时机； 3)提出了施工期二次衬砌施作时机分阶段预测方法，根据实测20、30、40 d和稳定时的相对变形，可实现分阶段预测最终变形稳定时间； 4)经实测变形数据检验，采用二次衬砌施作时机分阶段预测方法所得预测结果可被工程所接受； 5)以分阶段变形稳定时间t′稳为判别指标的挤压性围岩隧道二次衬砌施作时机预测方法，可操作性强，能避免以变形速率为判别指标时的操作困扰，可直接服务于工程实践。     

Optimal base motion to compensate for the influence of sea currents during riser re-entry

One of the difficult operations, which consists in moving the riser and placing its end relatively close to a desired position, is the re-entry operation. Complex dynamic behavior of risers under different sea conditions requires efficient modelling methods. The model used in this paper applies a modification of the segment method using joint coordinates, in which it is possible to analyze only one selected deformation while neglecting the others. This enables a very high computational efficiency of the method to be achieved. The models developed take into account the impact of the environment in which the risers work. The model is validated by comparison of the authors' own results with those presented by other researchers and the simulations are concerned both with statics and dynamics of spatial risers. The numerical effectiveness of the method presented enables it to be applied in the solution of dynamic optimization problems, one of which is presented by the example of the re-entry process. The process of moving the riser is useful in emergency situations (evacuation) when it is necessary to disconnect the riser from the wellhead and move it together with the platform. This optimization task is a 3D problem due to the sea currents acting at different angles on the riser in relation to the direction defined by beginning and final positions of the bottom end of the riser. The calculations are carried out for a hang-off riser, and the optimal motion of the base for different conditions of the sea is defined. The influence of the LMRP (Lower Marine Riser Package) on this movement is also examined.     

Fatigue tests on grouted connection segment specimens in offshore wind turbine structures considering water ingression

Grouted connections (GCs) are widely used to connect superstructures and driven piles in offshore wind turbine structures. They resist fatigue loading in marine splash zones and even submerged environments. In this paper, six GC segment specimens were designed and tested under fatigue loading in both the air and water ingression conditions. The results in the air condition showed that for the specimens with lower loading ranges, the strain distributions and residual displacements stabilized after 20 thousand load cycles. These conditions persisted until the end of the test with two million cycles, with only a few tiny cracks appearing on the grout material surface. Meanwhile, wide cracks and grout material exfoliation were found in specimens with higher loading ranges. The residual displacement accumulated gradually, which eventually caused the termination of the test when it reached 5 mm after 1.3 million cycles. The results in the water ingression condition showed that the water had entered into the micro-cracks of the grout material, which severely degraded the fatigue behavior of the GC specimens. Even in lower loading ranges, specimens W-1 and W-2 only endured 0.264 million and 64 thousand load cycles before the displacement of the top clamp reached −10 mm. Compared with two specimens tested in the air, with a total displacement of less than −0.7 mm after two million load cycles, the severe deteriorating effect of water ingression on the fatigue behavior of GCs was apparent.