城市交通拥挤的社会成本分析初探

交通拥挤的社会成本可分为生产成本、使用成本、时间耗费成本及外部成本,本文在定性分析的基础上,对使用成本和时间耗费成本做了定量分析,给出了计算公式,并通过对大连市西南路某路段在拥挤时段的调查,计算出了居民出行时间成本的损失和城市交通使用成本的损失,这一结果可以推广到整条道路或区域路网,从而为城市交通的良性发展和减少经济损失等方面提供了有效的理论依据。     

Why do you care what other people think? A qualitative investigation of social influence and telecommuting

The effect of social interactions on decision-making is a topic of current interest in the travel behavior literature. These interactions have been investigated primarily from an intra-household perspective, but increasingly too in other types of social settings. In the case of interactions within a workplace, it has been suggested that the decision to telecommute may have some important social components. Previous research has concentrated on social isolation, and the effect on job satisfaction of qualitatively different (i.e., telecommunications-mediated) relationships with managers and colleagues. A topic that remains unexplored is the way social norms, in effect the influence of other people’s behavior, may influence the decision to adopt telecommuting. In this paper we set to investigate, within a qualitative framework, the role of social contact in the process of acquiring information on, and making decisions about, telecommuting. The results indicate that social contact does play a subtle but non-trivial role in the adoption and continuation process, and offer some insights about the importance of the social dimension, institutional set-up, and how they interact to influence the decision to telecommute.     

基于数据挖掘的传媒信息安全系统

随着网络的发展，越来越多的广播电视信息由模拟转为数字，传媒信息安全问题迫在眉睫，是亟待解决的问题．本文采用文本分类技术，设计了一种新的文本分类模型，并应用该传媒信息安全系统，从而减少系统的误报率和漏报率，实验结果表明，该算法具有较高的分类精度和效率．     

One manufacturer's approach to improving jet transport fuel efficiency

In the face of rapidly escalating costs of aircraft fuel, since the early 1970s, the aerospace industry has embarked on a program of measures to reduce fuel consumption. This article describes an integrated set of measures which have been undertaken by Lockheed‐California to improve the fuel requirements of the Tristar, a wide‐bodied three engine medium to long range aircraft. Measures include operational changes, improvements to maintenance practices, long term hardware modifications and technological advances.     

交通拥挤的经济学分析

本文以交通拥挤问题为研究对象,用微观经济学的方法分析其产生的原因、现有的解决方案,并以上海为例分析了适合我国国情的最优策略之一--"公交优先"系统的经济学意义.     

英语大众传媒里的修辞造词法

形象、生动的修辞词语是英语大众传媒一个重要的语言特色,本文研究修辞造词法里的隐喻造词法和类比造词法,各自再分为两小类进行探讨．     

基于车载网络的GPS和流媒体技术的应用

以实现车载网络的应用实践为出发点,应用GPS技术和流媒体技术,基于软件工程学技术和数据库原理,以兼容性、通用性与可再编程为标准的设计原则,实现了专用GIS的运用,以友好描述的形式呈现旅客信息,以及在列车网上的传输显示.     

Investigating links between transport disadvantage, social exclusion and well-being in Melbourne - Updated results

This paper updates results of an international study aimed at quantifying the links between transport disadvantage (TD), social exclusion (SE) and well-being (WB) in Melbourne, Australia. The study extends knowledge associated with SE and transport by quantify social and behavioural implications of lack of public and private transport and the nature of the social WB benefits associated with improving services.Study aims and methodology are outlined. Recent findings covered relate to car ownership on the urban fringe, patterns of transport disadvantage, the analysis of time poverty related to transport disadvantage, measuring the economic value of additional mobility and use of a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to relate WB and SE to TD and a series of explanatory factors.Overall results suggest that those without a car on the urban fringe adjust well with their circumstances by living close to activity centres. They demonstrate sustainable choices, trading off budgets and home location to balance mobility and accessibility. Poorer households with high car ownership value mobility and cheaper more remote fringe dwellings but demonstrate numerous strategies to reduce high car costs which are acknowledged as a significant burden. Analysis identifies 4 key types of transport disadvantage including a ‘vulnerable/impaired’ group which should be of much greater concern for targeted policy than others due to poor scoring on SE and WB scales. The economic value of new mobility is also explored with results suggesting $AUD 20 per average new trip which is four times larger than conventional values for generated travel.Analysis has also suggested that transport disadvantage can relate to socially advantaged as well as socially disadvantaged groups through time poverty. This was found to be an important mitigating factor when relating TD to WB. A statistically reliable structural equation model is developed suggesting the SE-WB link is strong (−.87) with a modest link between TD-SE (.27).Areas for future research in the project are also summarised.     

中耳炎病理过程中的内通风引流阻塞

为探讨中耳炎病理过程中的中耳内通风引流阻塞的形成和病理影响 ,对2 90耳各型渗出性中耳炎颞骨连续切片进行光镜组织病理学观察研究。结果显示中耳内通风引流通道易被粘膜炎性水肿、粘连、包裹性积液和肉芽组织不同程度地阻塞 ,阻塞部位以上区域比前半中耳腔区域有更高的渗出液积存率和肉芽组织发生率 ,提示内通风引流阻塞是早期渗出性中耳炎向慢性发展的重要原因。     

略析新时期新词语在报纸媒体中的传播

从新词语出自何处的角度,现代汉语的新词语可分为首次出现型和再出变用型这两大类型。从对传播和流通于报纸上的新词语所作的统计调查中可以发现,新词语数的多寡和其内容结构反映出语言外部世界对语言内部词汇体系及于影响的大小程度,生动表明出语言内外部相互影响制约的互为联动关系,亦由此构筑出了新时期现代汉语词汇发展的新特点。