高校体育社会功能探析

通过文献资料法对高校体育在社会上所起的作用和具有的意义做出了总结,更深层次地对高校体育在社会政治、经济、文化等方面对社会所具有的作用做了细致的分析,并且研究了促进人才社会化等具有的影响。这一研究针对高校体育多层次、多元化和与时俱进的特征,为高校体育工作者提供一定的理论依据,以期对高校体育的社会功能有进一步的认识。     

The effects of social networks on choice set dynamics: Results of numerical simulations using an agent-based approach

Activity-based analysis has slowly shifted gear from the analysis of daily activity patterns to the analysis and modeling of dynamic activity-travel patterns. In this paper, we address one type of dynamics: the formation and adaptation of location choice sets under influence of dyad relationships within social networks. It extends the dynamic model developed in earlier work, which simulates habitual behavior versus exploitation and exploration as a function of discrepancies between dynamic, context-dependent aspiration levels and expected outcomes. Principles of social comparison and knowledge transfer are used in modeling the impact of social networks through information exchange, adaptations of spatial choice sets and formation of common aspiration levels. We demonstrate model properties using numerical simulation with a case study of shopping activities.     

Evaluating the social cost of cruise ships air emissions in major ports of Greece

Detailed NO_x, SO₂ and PM_2.5 emissions have been estimated for cruise ships in the five busiest Greek ports (i.e. Piraeus, Santorini, Mykonos, Corfu and Katakolo) for year 2013. The emissions were analyzed in terms of gas species, seasonality and activity. The total in-port inventory of cruise shipping accounted to 2742.7 tons: with NO_x being dominant (1887.5 tons), followed by SO₂ and PM_2.5 (760.9 and 94.3 tons respectively). Emissions during hotelling corresponded to 88.5% of total and have significantly outweighed those produced during ships’ maneuvering activities (11.5% of total). Seasonality was found to play a major role, as summer emissions and associated impacts were significantly augmented. The anticipated health impacts of ship emissions can reach to €24.3 million or to €5.3 per passenger proving the necessity of control of the emissions produced by cruise ships in port cities or policy and measures towards a more efficient cruise industry.     

The factors influencing bicycling in the Bangalore city

Bicycling, in an urban context, have many benefits, compared with motorized transports, like reduced carbon footprint, and lower maintenance, health, social and infrastructural costs. The present paper analyses the various factors contributing to a low percentage of bicycling in the Bangalore city and elicits certain policy aspects to improve the attractiveness of bicycling. The study focuses mainly on the behavioral aspects of commuters pertaining to their childhood and current scenario, and uses a face-to-face questionnaire survey for data collection. These behavioral aspects indicated a commuter’s perception about social expectation, convenience and bicycling infrastructure using a 5-point Likert scale measurement. Information is also collected about factors that might motivate bicycling, and about demographic variables like age, gender, income, etc. The study used a statistical z-test to identify the most influential attitudinal factors and to check whether the various factors are significantly different. The results gave a clear picture about the most dominant attitudinal factors that resulted in the stoppage of bicycling during a commuter’s childhood, and that acted as a deterrent to their bicycle usage in a current scenario. The study determined a need for changing the attitude of people towards cycling by programs that would create a positive image for cycling. There was also a need for segregated cycle lanes and signals at intersections so that people could feel safe while travelling on cycles.     

An adaptive hawkes process formulation for estimating time-of-day zonal trip arrivals with location-based social networking check-in data

Location-Based Social Networking (LBSN) services, such as Foursquare, Facebook check-ins, and Geo-tagged Twitter tweets, have emerged as new secondary data sources for studying individual travel mobility patterns at a fine-grained level. However, the differences between human social behavioral and travel patterns can cause significant sampling bias for travel demand estimation. This paper presents a dynamic model to estimate time-of-day zonal trip arrival patterns. In the proposed model, the state propagation is formulated by the Hawkes process; the observation model implements LBSN sampling. The proposed model is applied to Foursquare check-in data collected from Austin, Texas in 2010 and calibrated with Origin-Destination (OD) data and time of day factor from Capital Area Metropolitan Planning Organization (CAMPO). The proposed model is compared with a simple aggregation model of trip purposes and time of day based on a prior daily OD estimation model using the LBSN data. The results illustrate the promising benefits of applying stochastic point process models and state-space modeling in time-of-day zonal arrival pattern estimation with the LBSN data. The proposed model can significantly reduce the number of parameters to calibrate in order to reduce the sampling bias of LBSN data for trip arrival estimation.     

Exploring transportation equity: Development and application of a transportation justice framework

Recent efforts to emphasize social equity in transportation are emerging as local, regional and national governments have set initiatives to identify, existing and potential, disproportionate impacts to low-income and minority populations, also referred to as transportation justice (TJ). Currently, there are suggested methods for identifying transportation justice areas; however, there is no streamlined method instituted across transportation agencies. Each jurisdiction identifies transportation justice (or environmental justice) areas based on their own methodology, typically based on either average regional thresholds, graduated thresholds, or a more unique in-house index methodology. This research explores and evaluates existing methods and develops a rigorous and comprehensive method called the Transportation Justice Threshold Index Framework (TJTIF) using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), as well as factors based on demographics, socio-economics, and transportation/land use. The framework is applied to a case study region in Pennsylvania reflective of the Marcellus Shale impact area, highlighting Sullivan County, PA. The methodology and the case study application serve as an example for how transportation agencies throughout the country can promote social sustainability and enhance transportation equity.     

“君旅号”电动船直流母排系统选择性保护仿真与试验研究

电动船直流系统的安全性关系到电池安全、功率变换装置安全、日用电的安全以及航行安全,必须保证直流母排系统短路故障时保护的选择性。本文以电动游船"君旅号"为背景,介绍电动船电力推进系统直流母排系统短路故障选择性保护设计的原理、方法和效果,能够为之后的电动船的研究、设计、建造提供借鉴。     

“见义不为”的理性思考

文章在阐述了见义不为相关理论的基础上,论述了见义不为产生的原因,并从"健全保障机制,重塑社会信任;加强道德教育,倡导见义智为;开展爱心教育,维护公平正义等三方面提出了相应的应对策略。     

教育应与区域社会经济协调发展

区域教育结构和教育体系已经不能适应区域社会经济的发展,也不能适应社会主义新农村的建设,必须按科学发展观的要求,重新定义区域教育的发展方向、结构和体系。区域教育的首要目标是促进和服务区域社会经济的协调发展。     

舰船网络通信技术分析与建议

舰船网络通信技术是舰船指挥与控制系统的关键技术之一。随着通信技术的快速发展,国外舰船指挥与控制系统近年来也不断地升级换代。通过对几种主流舰船通信网络技术进行分析与比较,针对舰船通信网络技术的发展趋势,提出适合我国舰船通信网络技术的建议。