采用VPN技术组建铁路行包网的方案探讨

介绍当前迅速发展的VPN技术,该技术利用Internet或其他公共互联网络的基础设施为用户创建隧道,通过服务提供商提供的公用网来实现异地的连接和访问。结合黄村行包基地改造一期工程设计,探讨采用VPN技术组建行包网络的方案。     

地铁网络化运营集中式控制中心架构方案研究

地铁网络化运营下的行车调度指挥,应以线网整体为管控对象。地铁由单线运营向线网运营阶段过渡,需调整控制中心架构,以适应新阶段的行车管理需求。分析了地铁网络化运营阶段的行车管理特征与需求,提出了网络化运营条件下集中式控制中心的组织架构方案与行车管理模式,为地铁行业控制中心架构设计提供参考。     

利用社会资源进行地下工程项目管理模式探讨

从国内外工程建设项目管理的发展趋势看,利用社会资源进行项目管理,将成为工程建设项目管理领域的发展方向.此文在阐述利用社会资源进行地下工程项目管理模式可行性的基础上,进一步论述利用社会资源进行地下工程项目管理的条件和主要手段.并以青岛胶州湾海底隧道工程为例,全面论述利用社会资源进行项目管理的模式和管理效果,以及取得的成就,可为类似工程提供借鉴.     

地铁建设中民用通信系统的关键技术探讨

分析民用通信系统(包括无线寻呼、公共移动电话和公共(有线)电话)引入地铁建设所涉及的技术问题,着重对移动电话系统的引入技术和工程问题进行了深入的分析.对典型车站民用通信系统的设备组成和组网方式进行了探讨.地铁工程中必须对民用通信系统的引入作适当的预留.     

Integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process: The Massachusetts experience

Abstract

This paper concerns the limitations on integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process as exemplified by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, a state with a strong tradition of “home rule”; and a CZM implementation program based on a “networking”; of existing state authorities. The implications of the Massachusetts experience are that: (a) management of esthetic resources at the state level continues to be much less of a priority than management of ecological resources such as wetlands or floodplains; (b) visual management has yet to engender a strongly supportive constituency beyond that concerned with historic preservation; (c) project review focusing on visual impacts may be a more appropriate activity for local rather than state government; and (d) the technical aspects of visual management or impact assessment are far more advanced than their political acceptability. Political realities, together with the decision that implementation of the program should be based on a networking of existing authorities, thus determined the degree to which visual management could be incorporated into the state's program. As a result, the program's principal instruments of visual management became a strengthening of existing programs such as Wild and Scenic Rivers, reliance on wetland protection statutes to indirectly protect natural scenic values, and the use of the federal consistency provisions of the Coastal Zone Management Act to foster focused growth patterns through provision of publicly funded infrastructures. Esthetically oriented project review, with the exception of potential impacts on historic sites, was left to the discretion of local government, and a technical assistance program was created to provide funding or professional skills to communities interested in developing their own esthetic controls or design review processes. Maine, Rhode Island, and other New England states have followed a similar course.     

Investigating links between transport disadvantage, social exclusion and well-being in Melbourne - Updated results

This paper updates results of an international study aimed at quantifying the links between transport disadvantage (TD), social exclusion (SE) and well-being (WB) in Melbourne, Australia. The study extends knowledge associated with SE and transport by quantify social and behavioural implications of lack of public and private transport and the nature of the social WB benefits associated with improving services.Study aims and methodology are outlined. Recent findings covered relate to car ownership on the urban fringe, patterns of transport disadvantage, the analysis of time poverty related to transport disadvantage, measuring the economic value of additional mobility and use of a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to relate WB and SE to TD and a series of explanatory factors.Overall results suggest that those without a car on the urban fringe adjust well with their circumstances by living close to activity centres. They demonstrate sustainable choices, trading off budgets and home location to balance mobility and accessibility. Poorer households with high car ownership value mobility and cheaper more remote fringe dwellings but demonstrate numerous strategies to reduce high car costs which are acknowledged as a significant burden. Analysis identifies 4 key types of transport disadvantage including a ‘vulnerable/impaired’ group which should be of much greater concern for targeted policy than others due to poor scoring on SE and WB scales. The economic value of new mobility is also explored with results suggesting $AUD 20 per average new trip which is four times larger than conventional values for generated travel.Analysis has also suggested that transport disadvantage can relate to socially advantaged as well as socially disadvantaged groups through time poverty. This was found to be an important mitigating factor when relating TD to WB. A statistically reliable structural equation model is developed suggesting the SE-WB link is strong (−.87) with a modest link between TD-SE (.27).Areas for future research in the project are also summarised.     

LTE-R系统应用初期在工程上的无线组网应用研究

对LTE-R的无线组网方式进行分析,通过对既有线路的模拟设计,分析LTE-R的组网模式的优劣,同时也分析采用LTE-R系统面临的干扰问题,并提出相应的干扰协调方案。     

Sustainability assessment of inland transportation in China: A triple bottom line-based network DEA approach

The transport sector accounts for nearly one third of the world’s total energy use, while inland transport alone is responsible for half of the global petroleum consumption. The expansion of motorization in newly industrialized economies necessitates setting realistic targets. To support decision-makers in better assessment of transport sustainability performance, we introduce a systematic triple bottom line-based approach to evaluate inland transport, considering social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability. The proposed network data envelopment analysis (DEA) measure organizes the three components of the system into a parallel structure, allocates shared input across subsystems, and incorporates undesirable output. The empirical application determines the efficiency of regional inland transportation systems in China from 2006 to 2015. The results indicate a rise in overall transport efficiency between China’s 11th and 12th five-year development plan periods and link the economic growth with a decrease in environmental transport efficiency in the Central and Western zones and with a decline in social efficiency in the Eastern zone. Since 2012, the social sustainability remains the weakest component of inland transport, which requires special attention by policy-makers to support vulnerable groups of transport users. This study provides further insight into the investigated measures and proposes recommendations for the improvement of inland transport in China.     

北京城市轨道交通网络化发展方向和模式探讨

首先总结北京城市轨道交通网络化进程和经验教训,主要体现在线路与城市发展、线网结构的协调性等方面,然后借鉴世界大城市的轨道交通网络化成果,提出:北京城市轨道交通网络化的发展方向和模式应从完善线网架构,优化网络结构;建设区域快线,补强既有网络;强化线网衔接,弥补网络短板;引入中低运量,平衡不同需求等方面进行研究。     

On altruists and egoists in activity participation and travel: who are they and do they live together?

Formulation and specification of activity analysis models require better understanding of time allocation behavior that goes beyond the more recent within household analyses to understand selfish and altruistic behavior and how this relates to travel behavior. Using data from 1,471 persons in a recent 2-day time use/activity diary and latent class cluster analysis we identify 11 distinct daily behaviors that span from the intensely self-serving to intensely altruistic. Predicted cluster membership is then used to study within household interactions. The analysis shows strong correlation exists between social role and patterns of altruistic behavior. However, a substantial amount of heterogeneity is also found within social roles. In addition, travel behavior is also very different among altruistic and self-serving time allocation groups. At the household level, a substantial number of households contain persons with similar behavior. Another group of households contains a mix of self-serving and altruistic persons that follow specialized household roles within their households. The majority of households, however, are populated by altruistic persons. Single person households are more likely to be in the self-serving groups but not in their entirety. Altruism at home is directed most often toward the immediate family members. This is less pronounced when we examine altruistic acts outside the home. Konstadinos G. Goulias is a professor of Geography at the University of California Santa Barbara, has been a professor of Civil Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University from 1991 to 2004, and he is the founder and chair of the TRB task force on moving activity-based approaches to practice. Kriste M. Henson is a technical staff member at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the Decision Applications Division and is currently pursing a Ph.D. in Geography at the University of California—Santa Barbara.